头孢塞肟钠生产废渣的资源化

概述了头孢噻肟钠生产废渣的危害及目前国内外对该废渣处理与利用的研究状况，介绍了进行资源化利用的途径，并对其资源化利用的环境效益和经济效益进行了初步分析．     

头孢噻肟钠生产废渣资源化

从头孢噻肟钠生产废渣中回收 2—硫醇基苯并噻唑 (M) ,并以此合成生产头孢噻肟钠的原料二硫化二苯并噻唑(DM) ,M和 DM的收率分别为 2 5 .5 %和 2 3 .8% ,产品质量分别达到 HGB2 -1 5 7-61和 HGB2 -1 5 8-61标准。本方法具有良好的环境和经济双重效益     

杂多化合物脱硫体系与螯合铁体系脱硫产物的对比研究

为全面了解杂多化合物体系的脱硫性能 ,本研究综合运用热重、微分量热及电镜能谱等分析手段对相同浓度的磷钼酸钠体系与螯合铁体系进行了脱硫产物的对比研究 ,结果表明 :磷钼酸钠体系的脱硫产物为仅含少量Mo、V物相的硫磺 ,而Fe EDTA体系的脱硫产物则硫磺含量较低且含有较多Fe的物相。因此 ,磷钼酸钠体系的脱硫性能比螯合铁体系稳定。     

草浆造纸黑液ASF(活性炭、硫酸钠、糠醛)综合利用工艺研究

据统计,1988年我国造纸企业已达5360个,产量达1270×10⁴t,其中近5000个为年产5000t以下的小草浆厂,产量占总产量的43 ％左右.这些小草浆厂大多采用碱法制浆,这部分制浆蒸煮黑液,绝大多数直接排放江河,造成严重污染.开发多方面的综合利用途径,使草浆黑液变废为利,是一项有意义的研究课题,我们所开展的草浆造纸黑液ASF综合利用工艺,是一种将黑液作为制取活性炭、硫酸钠、糠醛的资源,同时也使其中绝大多数污染物得到去除的工艺.     

SO2衍生物对小鼠脾、胃组织蛋白质的氧化损伤

用腹腔注射的方法对实验小鼠进行SO2衍生物(亚硫酸钠和亚硫酸氢钠,分子比为31)染毒,染毒剂量分别为0,0.025,0.100, 0.400g/(kg·d),共染毒5d.研究了SO2衍生物对小鼠脾、胃蛋白质的氧化损伤作用并探讨其分子作用机制.结果表明,经SO2衍生物处理,可以使小鼠脾、胃蛋白质的羰基含量增大,且染毒剂量与蛋白质的羰基含量之间呈现直线相关关系,相关系数分别为0.899和0.855(P=0.05).蛋白质羰基含量增大表现为脾＞胃.说明SO2衍生物可使小鼠脾、胃组织蛋白质产生氧化损伤,氧化损伤的程度大小因组织而异.     

海藻酸钠在重金属污染治理方面的研究

概述了海藻酸钠在重金属污染治理方面的应用及国内外研究现状和发展前景,分别从海藻酸钠作为吸附剂直接吸附和作为固定化细胞的载体两方面分析了对重金属的去除效果及对固定化细胞的影响.分析表明,海藻酸钠以其特有的结构和性质在重金属污染治理方面有较好的应用,具有广阔的发展前景,同时指出了当前研究中存在的问题和今后的发展方向.     

PCDD/Fs in sodium pentachlorophenate(Na-PCP)and human blood , milk and sediment samples from Chinese schistosomiasis areas

ＰＣＤＤ／Ｆｓｉｎｓｏｄｉｕｍｐｅｎｔａｃｈｌｏｒｏｐｈｅｎａｔｅ（Ｎａ－ＰＣＰ）ａｎｄｈｕｍａｎｂｌｏｏｄ，ｍｉｌｋａｎｄｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｓａｍｐｌｅｓｆｒｏｍＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｓｃｈｉｓｔｏｓｏｍｉａｓｉｓａｒｅａｓＪｉａｎｇＫｅ；ＣｈｅｎＹｕｄｏｎ...     

二价铁催化过氧化氢-过硫酸钠再生活性炭可行性研究

利用二价铁(Fe~(2+))催化过氧化氢(H_2O_2)-过硫酸钠(Na_2S_2O_8)双氧化体系(ICHP)对被三氯乙烯(TCE)吸附饱和的20~40目粒状活性炭(AC)进行再生研究.同时,结合扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量散射光谱仪(EDS)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)及氮气吸附-解吸技术等手段对再生前后的AC进行表征,进一步探讨影响再生效率的原因.结果表明,AC对TCE的吸附符合准一级动力学模型,等温吸附符合Freundlich模型.在TCE∶Fe~(2+)∶H_2O_2∶S_2O_2-8=1∶9.20∶59.79∶77.52(物质的量比)的条件下,AC再生效率约为50%.研究表明,AC的炭损失、比表面积、孔隙体积及孔隙面积的减小,是再生AC吸附能力低于原状AC的主要原因.利用ICHP再生的AC可以实现对TCE的有效吸附并达到AC重复使用的目的,具有很好的实用价值.     

Polymer Supported Calix[4]Arene Derivatives for the Extraction of Metals and Dichromate Anions

Three newly synthesized polymer supported calix[4]arene ionophores (7–9) were synthesized, and their ion binding properties toward selected alkali (Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Cs⁺) and transition metal (Hg²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Pb²⁺) cations were investigated. It has been observed that these ionophores are not selective toward a particular metal cation but show better ion binding property as compared to monomeric calixarene derivatives (2 and 6). Ionophore 6 and its supported polymer were also employed in dichromate anion extraction experiments. The polymeric ionophore (9) was found an effective extractant for dichromate anion even at pH 7.     

Wet Strength and Water Resistance of Modified Soy Protein Adhesives and Effects of Drying Treatment

Soy protein isolate (SPI) was modified using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl). Adhesion performance of the modified SPI on fiberboard was studied. The Water-soluble mass of the modified SPI adhesives was examined following modified ASTM D5570. The SDS-modified SPI containing 91% protein had a water-soluble mass of 1.7%. To be considered a water-resistant adhesive, the water-soluble mass of adhesive should be less than 2%. The wet shear strength test showed 100% cohesive failure within fiberboard, indicating that the modified SPI has good water resistance. The effect of drying treatment on adhesion performance of the SDS-modified SPI on fiberboard was then investigated. Drying treatment significantly affected the final adhesion performance. Shear strength did not change much, but the percentage of cohesive failure within fiberboard increased markedly as drying temperature increased. All the unsoaked, soaked, and wet specimens glued by the adhesives treated at 70° or 90°C had 100% cohesive failure within fiberboard. Viscosity also increased greatly with an increase in drying temperature. This information will be useful in developing low-cost adhesive processing system in the future.