碱渣吸收硫酸尾气工艺设计与研究

探讨碱渣代替纯碱吸收硫酸尾气,其内容包括产品质量状况、产品方案、消耗成本、工艺控制条件、产品市场调研小结等;为有关厂家试验尝试提供了可行性研究和技术指导;也为关注尾气吸收和亚硫酸氢钠产品的厂家和商家提供了有参考价值的信息。     

半干旱地区环境因子与果园表层土壤水溶性Na~+累积的关系

综合环境因素影响下土壤中钠的迁移和累积是阐明土壤次生盐渍化演替规律的重要内容之一.本研究以甘肃省秦安县兴国镇郑川村的3个有代表性的盐渍化果园为研究对象.通过对苹果(Malus pumila Mill.)树生长危害期(4-8月)的环境因子(果园近地面空气温度、相对湿度、潜在蒸发量、降雨量、土温、土壤水分)进行定点定位监测以及果园土壤表层不同土层水溶性Na+的定期采样分析,利用相关和回归分析的方法,研究了半干旱地区果园表层土壤水溶性Na+与环境因子的关系.结果表明,气温升高有利于表层不同土层水溶性Na+的累积,空气相对湿度增大能抑制表层不同土层土壤水溶性Na+的累积.不同土层水溶性Na+的含量与土温呈正相关关系,与0～2 cm、2～5 cm、10～15 cm、15～20 cm、20～25 cm土层土壤水分含量呈负相关关系,与5～10 cm土层土壤水分含量呈正相关关系.水分亏值分别与0～2 cm、2～5 cm、10～15 cm、15～20 cm、20～25 cm土层水溶性Na+的含量呈正相关关系.与5～10 cm土层水溶性Na+的含量呈负相关关系,并科学的提出表层土壤5～10 cm土层是水溶性Na+对环境因子(蒸发量与降雨量)反应的灵敏层.     

分光光度法测定空气中氢氧化钠气溶胶

针对常用的滴定法测定空气中氢氧化钠气深胶的不足，研究了用分光光度法对其测定．实验证明，此法具有许多优点，并能得到满意的结果     

USE OF SYNOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES IN RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION OF HYDROLOGICAL INFORMATION1

ABSTRACT: Application of synographic techniques to four separate nonrelated research tasks demonstrated the usefulness of such an approach in interpreting and communicating hydrologic survey data especially when large geographic areas are involved. Nutrient exchange and biotic indicators in coastal estuaries were analyzed to determine residence times in different seasons of the year. Man induced changes in urban runoff patterns were shown to increase the probability of flooding with different recurrences of storm events. Nitrate and indicator bacteria in private wells were analyzed on a county-wide basis to determine the sources and extent of natural occurrence versus contamination origins. Water wells and the surface supply of metropolitan Houston were analyzed for sodium content to assist citizens and physicians with data which are needed for derivation of sodium restricted therapeutic diets.     

食物废弃物基吸附剂对水中重金属的吸附

研究用食物废弃物制得的吸附剂(FRA)对水中多种重金属的吸附,并研究酒石酸钾钠对FRA吸附重金属的影响,探讨影响的机理。结果表明,两种重金属离子共存体系中重金属离子的竞争吸附系数相当,均在0.46~0.54之间。增加共存重金属种类减弱FRA对重金属的吸附效果。初始浓度较低时,竞争吸附对FRA吸附量的影响较小。较低p H值时酒石酸钾钠的浓度对重金属Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+)及Cd~(2+)的吸附去除效果影响更大。FRA对Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Pb~(2+)和Cd~(2+)的吸附符合Langmuir等温式。     

零价铁活化过硫酸钠深度处理电镀添加剂生产废水

采用零价铁(ZVI)活化过硫酸钠(PS)产生·SO_4~-,以·SO_4~-为氧化剂深度处理电镀添加剂生产废水。考察了废水p H、n(ZVI)∶n(PS)、c(S_2O_8~(2-))和反应温度对废水COD去除率的影响。实验得出废水处理的最佳工艺条件:废水p H为5.0,n(ZVI)∶n(PS)=1.00,c(S_2O_8~(2-))=15 mmol/L,反应温度为50℃。在此最佳工艺条件下反应60 min,COD去除率达到76.8%,出水COD约为42 mg/L,满足GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》的一级标准要求。     

Treatment of simulated wastewater containing Reactive Red 195 by zero-valent iron/activated carbon combined with microwave discharge electrodeless lamp/sodium hypochlorite

A comparative study of treatment of simulated wastewater containing Reactive Red 195 using zero-valent iron/activated carbon (ZVI/AC), microwave discharge electrodeless lamp/sodium hypochlorite (MDEL/NaClO) and the combination of ZVI/ACMDEL/ NaClO was conducted. The preliminary results showed the two steps method of ZVI/AC-MDEL/NaClO had much higher degradation e ciency than both single steps. The final color removal percentage was nearly up to 100% and the chemical oxygen demand reduction percentage was up to approximately 82%. The e ects of operational parameters, including initial pH value of simulated wastewater, ZVI/AC ratio and particle size of ZVI were also investigated. In addition, from the discussion of synergistic e ect between ZVI/AC and MEDL/NaClO, we found that in the ZVI/AC-MEDL/NaClO process, ZVI/AC could break the azo bond firstly and then MEDL/NaClO degraded the aromatic amine products e ectively. Reversing the order would reduce the degradation e ciency.     

SDS、SDBS胶团强化超滤Cu~(2+)的比较

采用模拟含Cu2+废水,以阴离子表面活性剂SDS和SDBS胶团强化超滤分离Cu2+(Cu2+固定为0.6 mmol/L),通过对渗透通量、渗透浓度、去除率、富集率的比较,从而得出SDS、SDBS分离效果的优劣.结果表明,添加SDS的渗透通量始终高于SDBS[其中SDS平均渗透通量为29.92 L.(m2.h)-1,而SDBS只有16.55 L.(m2.h)-1],渗透浓度始终低于SDBS,当渗透液Cu2+浓度接近为0时,SDBS、SDS所需浓度分别为2 mmol/L和6 mmol/L.SDS的Cu2+去除率和平均富集率高于SDBS(SDS平均去除率为85.06%,平均富集率为4.18;SDBS对应值分别为69.05%,4.05).此外,SDS自身的平均富集率也高于SDBS(SDS为3.89,SDBS为3.13).由此可见,SDS比SDBS更适合去除Cu2+.     

提高柠檬酸钠净化甲苯废气效率的实验研究

以柠檬酸钠溶液为吸收剂,添加三种不同的添加剂在填料塔中进行了吸收法净化含甲苯有机废气的实验研究。在相同的工艺条件下,分别研究了添加柠檬酸,无机盐助剂、聚乙二醇(PEG200)以及三者的组成对柠檬酸钠吸收剂去除甲苯效果的影响。实验结果表明,当5%柠檬酸钠吸收剂分别添加柠檬酸时pH=6,无机盐0.05%硅酸钠、0.1%磷酸钠和0.1%碳酸钠,0.5%聚乙二醇时,对甲苯净化效率及吸收容量都有显著提高。当三种添加剂组合时效果更佳。     

氮掺杂TiO2介孔光催化剂降解腐殖酸的研究

 以甲酰胺为氮源,钛酸四丁酯为钛源,P123为模板剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了N-TiO2,并利用X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)、BET、分子荧光(PL)等技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明, N-TiO2主要以锐钛矿型存在,加入适量模板剂可使N-TiO2具有介孔结构,比表面积达到111.767m2/g,并能使其光生电子与空穴的复合率降低,采用5%P123制备的N-TiO2催化剂(10g/L),对腐殖酸钠(5mg/L)光催化降解,2h后其降解率可达98%,反应符合一级动力学.