丁二酸钠对氯化钙和水玻璃溶液的渗透性影响

采用正向渗透试验方法测定了氯化钙和水玻璃溶液添加丁二酸钠后溶液在粉尘介质中的渗透规律。该研究结果可有效利用氯化钙和水玻璃进行固土抑尘。     

钙基膨润土钠化改型的影响因素探讨

在自然界,钙基膨润土的资源量大,钠基膨润土的资源量小。前者物化性能和使用效果差,一般均须用人工钠化改型来提高其物化性能和使用效果。研究认为,钠化效果受膨润土自身质量、钠化改型剂、钠化改型剂添加量、钠化时间和钠化工艺等诸多因素影响。     

湿法炼锌高盐废水的综合回收实验研究

采用“预处理除杂—蒸发—盐分离结晶”技术对锌烟尘处理厂产出的高盐废水进行了探索实验研究.结果表明：采用该技术处理锌冶炼高盐废水,分别得到合格生产用水、无水硫酸钠和氯化钠,高盐废水实现了资源化回收利用.中和后的浓盐水加热到95~100℃进行高温蒸发浓缩,分离得到结晶盐无水硫酸钠,含量为98.79%,达到Ⅱ类优等品质量标准;蒸发得到的冷凝水电导率≤48μS/cm,水质达到生产用水标准.高温蒸发后期,氯化钠富集在少量的残余液中,保持60℃低温蒸发,分离得到结晶盐氯化钠,其中氯化钠含量为93.82%.     

失效磷酸基化学抛光液的再生

采用氟铝酸钠沉淀法去除失效磷酸基化学抛光液中的铝杂质,并对溶液再生利用的工艺条件进行了研究.实验结果表明,在氢氧化钠和氢氟酸加入量与理论值的比均为1.2(即n(氢氧化钠):n(Al~(3+)):2:1、n(氢氟酸):n(Al~(3+))=28:5)的条件下,采用二步法过滤后,抛光液中磷酸质量分数大于50%,磷酸回收率为79.5%,Al~(3+)去除率为97.1%,剩余Al~(3+)质量分数为0.05%.滤渣经处理后成为新的有价物质,滤液在补加磷酸和其他有效成分后可再生循环使用.     

利用合成沸石副产稀碱液制五水偏硅酸钠

合成沸石原粉副产和稀碱液经除杂后，用泡花碱调整ＳｉＯ２浓度，再经浓缩、结晶、分离、干燥等过程制备五水偏硅酸钠，产品质量符合标准，生产成本较通常方法可降低２５％，采用本法还可解决稀碱液对环境的污染，具有较好的环境、经济和社会效益。     

Are calcareous soils in uplands less prone to damage from road salting than acidic soils?

Previous studies of upland roadside soils in Cumbria, that would normally be naturally acidic, have highlighted that (a) runoff from roads subjected to long-term road salting can dramatically raise soil pH down slope in upland areas; (b) the soil pH increase dramatically changes N cycling in soils down slope, increasing mineralisation of organic matter, ammonification, ammonium leaching down slope and nitrification and nitrate leaching; (c) the increase in nitrification substantially increases nitrate leaching to down-slope rivers, and this is readily detectable in field studies; and (d) loss of soil organic matter over decades of salting is so great that organic matter is no longer substantially solubilised by high salt concentrations found in soil solution below road drains. This paper tests and supports the hypothesis that such effects are minimal for more calcareous soil ecosystems. It examines the soil and soil solution chemistry on another Cumbrian upland highway, the A686 near Leadgate, Alston. Sodium % of soil CEC values for soil transects affected by spray containing road salt are similar at both the A6 and A686 sites. However, spatial trends in calcium, magnesium, ammonium, and nitrate concentrations as well as pH differ, as a direct result of the higher weathering rate of parent material and possibly also the presence of limestone walls above both spray-affected and control transects at the A686 site.     

Determination of andrographolide sodium bisulfite in renal microdialysis fluid of rats and toxicokinetic study

Abstract

Andrographolide sodium bisulfite (ASB) widely used for intestinal infections and respiratory tract infections. It has been reported to frequently cause acute renal failure in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nephrotoxicity and toxicokinetics in Sprague-Dawley rats after a single-dose injection of ASB administered at 100, 600, and 1000?mg/kg via intravenous tail injections. The concentrations in plasma and kidney microdialysates were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels in plasma were determined and toxicokinetic parameters were observed. In plasma and kidney, the elimination constant and clearance were decreased and the half-time was increased with increasing dose. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were positively correlated with ASB concentration indicating the potential for accumulation in kidney that can eventually lead to damage.     

Effect of calcination temperature on the application of sodium zirconate solid base catalyst for biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas oil

Influence of catalyst calcination temperature on the catalyst characteristics and catalytic transesterification of Jatropha curcas oil for biodiesel production was studied by using sodium zirconate (Na₂ZrO₃) solid base catalyst. Na₂ZrO₃ catalysts were prepared by impregnation method followed by calcination at temperatures of 700, 800, and 900°C. The prepared catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Important parameters influencing the catalytic activity and fatty acid methyl ester yield were investigated. It was found that the increase in calcination temperature showed marked increase in activity due to the increased porosity and presence of tetragonal zirconia. Investigation of the reusability of the catalysts showed that the catalytic activity was retained even after five cycles of reaction.     

糖精钠生产废水的铁氧体法除铜研究

对糖精钠生产废水实施铁置换法除铜后，废水中仍含有较高浓度的Ｃｕ＾２＋。本研究进一步以铁氧体法除铜。试验条件下，Ｃｕ６２＋的去除率达９８％Ｔ以上，出水Ｃｕ＾２＋浓度低于２．５ｍｇ／Ｌ。通过正交试验，找出最佳工艺及操作参数，从而为该类废水的预处理设计及运行管理提供屯依据。     

流动分析法测定空气和废气中氨的研究

建立流动分析法测定吸收液中氨的方法,用稀硫酸溶液吸收空气中的氨气,吸收液作为样品进入流动分析系统,采用在线蒸馏,实行自动分析,与国家标准方法比对,无明显差异,可用于空气中氨的定量检测。