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71.
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Suresh K. Aggarwal Xiao Fu Sameera Wijeyakulasuriya 《International Journal of Green Energy》2016,13(5):431-445
Recent strategies for simultaneously reducing NOx and soot emissions have focused on achieving nearly premixed, low-temperature combustion (LTC) in diesel engines. A promising approach in this regard is to vary fuel reactivity in order to control the ignition delay and optimize the level of premixing and reduce emissions. The present study examines such a strategy by performing 3-D simulations in a single-cylinder of a diesel engine. Simulations employ the state-of-the-art two-phase models and a validated semi-detailed reaction mechanism. The fuel reactivity is varied by using a blend of n-heptane and iso-octane, which represent surrogates for gasoline and diesel fuels, respectively. Results indicate that the fuel reactivity strongly influences ignition delay and combustion phasing, whereas the start of injection (SOI) affects combustion phasing. As fuel reactivity is reduced, the ignition delay is increased and the combustion phasing is retarded. The longer ignition delay provides additional time for mixing, and reduces equivalence ratio stratification. Consequently, the premixed combustion is enhanced relative to diffusion combustion, and thus the soot emission is reduced. NOx emission is also reduced due to reduced diffusion combustion and lower peak temperatures caused by delayed combustion phasing. An operability range is observed in terms of fuel reactivity and SOI, beyond which the mixture may not be sufficiently well mixed, or compression ignited. The study demonstrates the possibility of finding an optimum range of fuel reactivity, SOI, and EGR for significantly reducing engine out emissions for a given load and speed. 相似文献
73.
介绍了某电厂空预器的设计特点,该空预器运行过程中出现了一、二次风压与炉膛压力周期性波动、进出口差压偏大的问题.对该空预器实际运行情况的分析研究表明:燃用煤种含硫量超标、吹灰蒸汽带水、冬天暖风器投用不及时以及蓄热元件布置紧密是造成空预器堵灰的关键问题.通过控制入炉煤含硫量、加强吹灰、提高综合冷端温度和蓄热元件改造等措施,保证了空预器安全经济运行. 相似文献
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以生态文明全面取代工业文明,是实现人类生存进步及经济可持续发展的唯一途径。以我国为例,在经历40年社会改革开放、经济高速增长之后,工业化、城市化、现代化所取得巨大成就的背后,是生态环境的严重破坏,尤其近年来"雾霾"成为生态环境治理中最为顽固的诟病。锅炉烟尘是造成雾霾现象的"主要元凶",从环境监测角度出发,加强锅炉烟尘监测过程及现场采样质量控制,精准地获取相关数据,能够为环境治理方案提供科学依据。但同时,锅炉烟尘监测及采样是十分复杂且具有系统性的工作,在整个过程中需要加强质量控制。本文列举相关注意问题,以供技术人员在操作中参考借鉴。 相似文献
76.
用柠檬酸法制备了铈锆固溶体负载不同量LaCoO3的催化剂。用热重法测试了催化剂样品对碳烟的催化活性。采用程序升温还原法(H2-TPR)、BET、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)和X-射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对催化剂进行了测试。结果表明,铈锆固溶体表面形成了稳定的LaCoO3钙钛矿相结构;负载量为30%LaCoO3的催化剂具有最高的催化活性,起燃温度降到530℃;催化剂的催化活性与催化剂还原峰强度以及催化剂表面氧物种OII的含量紧密相关。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT In this paper, an improved kinetics model of soot oxidation based on the traditional B-K model is employed to characterize the thermal regeneration process of diesel particulate filters (DPF). Considering the influence of specific surface area and inhibition factor on soot oxidation, the regeneration process is simulated and analyzed using the commercial FLUENT software combined with UDF method. The results show that soot particles react from the middle of the filter to both ends, and the temporal profile of soot mass in the thermal regeneration process could be divided into three sections: smooth reaction, rapid reaction, and late reaction. The regeneration time decreases with the increasing of the incoming oxygen volume fraction. When the thickness of the deposited soot layer is less than 0.1 mm, the regeneration time is prolonged as the thickness of the deposited layer decreases. When the thickness is more than 0.1 mm, the regeneration time shows the opposite trend with the thickness of the deposited layer. Meanwhile, the curve of maximum wall temperature changing with time is divided into heating, rapid-burning, and slow-burning regimes. The maximum wall temperature increases as the volume fraction of oxygen flow increases, and as the deposited layer thickness increases. 相似文献
80.
Catalytic evaluation of promoted CeO2-ZrO2 by transition, alkali, and alkaline-earth metal oxides for diesel soot oxidation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ali Alinezhadchamazketi Abas Ali Khodadadi Yadollah Mortazavi Ahmad Nemati 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(12):2498-2506
Series of mixed metal oxides were synthesized by gel-combustion method and their catalytic activities for soot oxidation were investigated. The catalysts were M-Ce-Zr (M = Mn, Cu, Fe, K, Ba, Sr), and χK-20Mn-Ce-Zr (χ= 0, 5, 10, 20), they were characterized by XRD, SEM, TPR and BET surface area techniques. The results of soot temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) in an O2 oxidizing atmosphere indicate that K-Ce-Zr has the highest catalytic activity for soot oxidation under loose contact condition, due to enhancement of the soot and catalyst contacts. On the other hand, under a tight contact condition, Mn-Ce-Zr and Cu-Ce-Zr nano-composites have high activities for soot oxidation and lower the soot TPO peak temperatures by about 280 and 270℃, respectively, as compared to non-catalytic soot oxidation. Furthermore, the addition of up to 10 wt.% potassium oxides into Mn-Ce-Zr increases its catalytic activity and further reduces the soot TPO peak temperature by about 40℃ under loose contact condition. 相似文献