Effects of calcination temperature on physicochemical property and activity of CuSO4/TiO2 ammonia-selective catalytic reduction catalysts

CuSO₄/TiO₂ catalysts with high catalytic activity and excellent resistant to SO₂ and H₂ O,were thought to be promising catalysts used in Selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides by NH₃.The performance of catalysts is largely affected by calcination temperature.Here,effects of calcination temperature on physicochemical property and catalytic activity of CuSO₄/TiO₂ catalysts were investigated in depth.Catalyst sam...     

Bi/Fe_3O_4催化NaBH_4还原水中对硝基苯酚

以磁性Fe_3O_4为载体负载Bi(NO_3)_3,再用NaBH_4还原Bi~(3+)制备了Bi/Fe_3O_4催化剂。采用XRD和紫外-可见光谱对催化剂进行表征。考察了Bi负载量、NaBH_4加入量和Bi/Fe_3O_4加入量对Bi/Fe_3O_4催化NaBH_4还原对硝基苯酚(4-NP)效果的影响。表征结果显示:当催化剂中Bi含量较少时,Bi分散良好;当Bi含量较多时,会形成纳米颗粒。实验结果表明:当反应温度为25℃,初始4-NP浓度为4.0 mmol/L时,在Bi负载量为5%(w)、Bi/Fe_3O_4催化剂加入量为500 mg/L,NaBH_4加入量为6.0 g/L的条件下,反应速率常数为0.581 min~(-1),4-NP的去除率为99.7%;Bi/Fe_3O_4催化剂稳定性好,重复使用15次后,活性基本不变。     

废催化剂中金属组分回收利用概述

废催化剂中金属组分的回收利用具有经济性和环保性,从工程项目开发的角度,对废催化剂中金属组分回收利用技术与经济等方面的问题进行了概述,主要包括废催化剂原料的收集与分类、回收技术方案选择、经济评价及关键理论,同时也指出了相关问题及发展前景。     

浸渍液pH值对V-Mo/Ti脱硝催化剂性能的影响研究

为提升V-Mo/Ti催化剂的脱硝性能,在催化剂制备过程中调节浸渍工艺参数,制备了一系列不同浸渍液pH值的催化剂,采用XRD、N2-吸附脱附、拉曼光谱、UV-Vis、H2-TPR、NH3-TPD等手段对催化剂进行表征,考察了pH值的变化对催化剂物理化学性能的影响,采用固定床微型反应器对催化剂的脱硝性能进行评价。结果表明,降低浸渍液pH值,可以抑制催化剂上VOx物种的聚合,提升催化剂的还原性能,有利于提升催化剂的脱硝效率,降低脱硝反应过程中N2O生成量。同时,浸渍液pH值的变化,也会影响催化剂的酸性性能。当浸渍液pH值低于3.64时,催化剂酸性性能显著降低,造成催化剂脱硝性能降低;当浸渍液pH值控制在3.64时,催化剂的还原性能和酸性性能匹配较好,从而显示了较高的脱硝性能。     

Photocatalytic degradation of dye effluent by titanium dioxide pillar pellets in aqueous solution

Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) process is an effective way to deal with organic pollutants in wastewater which could be difficult to be degraded by conventional biological treatment methods. Normally the TiO2 powder in nanometre size range was directly used as photocatalyst for dye degradation in wastewater. However the titanium dioxide powder was arduous to be recovered from the solution after treatment. In this application, a new form of TiO2(i. e. pillar pellets ranging from 2.5 to 5.3 mm long and with a diameter of 3.7 mm) was used and investigated for photocatalytic degradation of textile dye effluent. A test system was built with a flat plate reactor(FPR) and UV light source(blacklight and solar simulator as light source respectively) for investigating the effectiveness of the new form of TiO2. It was found that the photocatalytic process under this configuration could efficiently remove colours from textile dyeing effluent. Comparing with the TiO2 powder, the pellet was very easy to recovered from the treated solution and can be reused in multiple times without the significant change on the photocatalytic property. The results also showed that to achieve the same photocatalytic performance, the FPR area by pellets was about 91% smaller than required by TiO2 powder. At least TiO2 pellet could be used as an alternative form of photocatalyst in applications for textile effluent treatment process, also other wastewater treatment processes.     

V2O5-WO3/TiO2脱硝催化剂的制备及其性能

对选择性催化还原脱硝用催化剂V2O5-WO3/TiO2的制备工艺进行了实验研究.采用溶胶-凝胶法制得TiO2凝胶,对凝胶进行不同条件下的干燥和煅烧处理,然后通过浸渍法在TiO2上依次负载WO3和V2O5,最终得到V2O5-WO3/TiO2催化剂.结果表明,TiO2凝胶的处理温度对催化剂结构和脱除NO的性能有一定的影响,TiO2凝胶干燥温度为105 ℃时制得的催化剂活性较高,在实验条件下NO脱除率最高可达98.3%.     

废旧锌锰电池生物淋滤-水热法制备纳米锰锌铁氧体

以氧化硫硫杆菌(A.thiooxidans)和氧化亚铁钩端螺旋菌(L.ferrooxidans)为混合淋滤菌株对废旧锌锰电池进行了生物浸提,并以获取的淋滤液为前驱体,采用水热法制备出系列锰锌铁氧体软磁材料(Mn_(1-x)Zn_xFe_2O_4,x=0.2~0.8);结合X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜-能谱(SEMEDX)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重-差热分析(TG-DTA)等表征手段对制备材料的结构、形貌、磁学性能和稳定性进行分析.结果表明,在5%固液比(质量体积比,5 g/100 mL,以下均表述为"5%固液比")下,经过5 d的外源酸调控生物浸提,分别获得了84.5%、63.2%的Zn、Mn浸出效率;当Zn∶Mn∶Fe=0.4∶0.6∶2.0(物质的量比,即x=0.4)时,制备的纳米级Mn_(0.6)Zn_(0.4)Fe_2O_4性能最优,属纯相的立方尖晶石结构,颗粒分布均匀,饱和磁化强度(M_s)、剩余磁化强度(M_r)和矫顽力(H_c)分别为68.9 emu·g~(-1)、4.7 emu·g~(-1)和53.6 Oe,具有热稳定性和耐酸碱性,有望成为一种新型的水处理磁性材料.     

NiO-CuO/ZSM-5催化剂对催化裂化烟气的脱硫脱硝性能

采用浸渍法制备了不同NiO和CuO质量分数的NiO-CuO/ZSM-5催化剂,并以CH4为还原剂研究了NiO-CuO/ZSM-5催化剂对催化裂化烟气的脱硫脱硝活性。XRD分析结果表明,NiO质量分数为4%、CuO质量分数为6%的催化剂4%NiO-6%CuO/ZSM-5中的ZSM-5结构完好,CuO和NiO高度分散在ZSM-5骨架中,表明具有较好的催化活性。4%NiO-6%CuO/ZSM-5的脱硫脱硝起活温度均较低,无氧条件下最高NO转化率和SO2转化率分别为94.7%和95.9%,O2体积分数为1.0%时的NO转化率和SO2转化率分别为97.7%和89.0%。     

Pd/C气体扩散电极用于电生成H2O2降解苯酚的研究

采用自制的Pd/C气体扩散阴极和Ti/IrO2/RuO2阳极,在无隔膜电解槽中对苯酚模拟废水降解效果及机制进行了研究,采用电子自旋共振法(ESR)对电解体系中产生的羟自由基(·OH)进行了检测.结果表明,在Pd/C气体扩散体系中掺杂Pd催化剂可以促进H2 O2的生成(H2 O2的稳定浓度是7.5 mg/L),有利于·OH的产生.经电化学氧化处理120 min后,苯酚和COD的去除率分别达到97.2%和50%,表明在电催化氧化过程中苯酚被氧化生成了大量低分子量中间产物.废水的BOD5/COD值达到0.73是处理前的9.1倍,苯酚废水的可生化降解性通过电化学氧化处理后显著提高.在该电化学体系中苯酚的降解是在阳极直接、间接氧化及阴极产生的H2 O2、·OH的氧化共同作用下完成的.通过对紫外扫描光谱图的分析推断出苯酚在电解过程中有醌类物质生成;由GC-MS检测到了邻苯二酚、对苯二酚、苯醌等芳香族化合物和己二酸、顺丁烯二酸、反丁烯二酸、丁二酸、丙二酸、乙二酸等短链羧酸,据此提出了苯酚降解的可能历程.     

Oxidation inhibition of sulfite in dual alkali FGD system

A laboratory-scale well-mixed thermostatic reactor with continuously blasting air was used to investigate the oxidation inhibition of sulfite in dual alkali flue gas desulfurization （FGD） system. The effects of operating parameters such as pH value and catalyst concentration on the oxidation were studied. Sodium thiosulfate was used in the system, and was found that it significantly inhabited the sulfite oxidation. In the absence of catalyst, sodium thiosulfate at 12.67 mmol/L had an inhibition efficiency of approximately 98%. While in the presence of catalyst, sodium thiosulfate at 26.72 mmol/L had an inhibition efficiency less than 85.0%. The oxidation reaction order of sulfite in the sodium thiosulfate was determined to be -1.90 and 4）.55 in the absence and presence of the catalyst, respectively. Apparent activation energy of oxidation inhibition was calculated to be 53.9 kJ/mol. Pilot tests showed that the consumption rate of thiosulfate agreed well with the laboratory-scale experimental results.