The Spanish building crisis and its effect in the gypsum quarry production (1998–2012)

Gypsum is one of the most important mined mineral commodities of the world. As an industrial rock, it is primarily used by the construction industry. Therefore, the economics of the gypsum market can be correlated with parameters that have controlled the origin and development of the Spanish building bubble between years 1998 and 2006. The burst of this building bubble has been interpreted as the main triggering factor for Spain's current crisis.     

上海餐饮服务业的排污收费及调控管理

以上海中心城区静安区和卢湾区为例，通过餐饮服务业污染物排放及收费现状分析，揭示出第三产业排污收费由单一浓度控制的不合理以及收费标准偏低的问题，并从结合总量控制和提高收费标准方面，探讨了中心城区加强餐饮服务业排污收费调控管理的途径，旨在对餐饮服务业达到有效环境管理提供决策依据。     

全球化变革下的中国对外自然资源流动及其关键研究问题

应对全球化变革及其不确定性,认识中国对外自然资源流动的特征与问题,是保障国家资源安全的基础,对实现高质量、可持续发展有重要意义。对应国际劳动分工从产业间贸易、产业内贸易到全球价值链的不同阶段,理解中国对外自然资源流动有不同的理论视角。现有研究主要关注自然资源以原始形态和制成品中的隐含形态在国家之间的流动,讨论了中国对外自然资源流动在供给与需求、利用强度与效率、资源禀赋与流向,以及全局与局部影响之间的矛盾。未来研究仍面临理论和现实的挑战。在理论方面,适应全球价值链分工发展,引入全球生产网络理论探讨企业间互动关系如何塑造自然资源流动路径,能更好地适应中国从“引进来”向“走出去”的转变,以及当下自然资源综合治理的研究需求。在现实方面,应对日益增强的不确定性,亟需深化对自然资源流动网络韧性,以及“双循环”互促关系的认识。     

住宅遭受交通噪声污染时开发商应承担的民事责任初探

从分析住宅遭受交通噪声污染时开发商民事责任的性质入手,探讨了现行声环境质量标准对开发商的适用性和合理性,阐明了开发商的责任范围,提出了完善住宅声环境质量标准的建议。主要结论:目前我国尚缺乏合理的约束开发商的住宅声环境质量标准;开发商的隔声减噪义务主要包括留出与道路之间的防噪距离和采取安装隔声窗、封闭阳台等隔声措施;应将门窗封闭状态下的室内噪声限值颁布为住宅声环境质量标准。     

输美轮胎特保案对中国贸易的影响及对策

分析了2009年9月26日美国对中国轮胎进口实施的特别保护措施,运用国际贸易和国际经济学的相关理论,对美国轮胎特保法案进行了剖析。在目前中美轮胎贸易情况下,从宏观和微观的角度探讨了轮胎贸易顺差形成的原因,以及长期和短期内对中国经济的影响,并对中国轮胎出口贸易提出了几点政策建议。     

总量控制下环境容量产权交易及政府行为分析

利用经济学的原理，本文分析了环境容量的经济特点(不是环境容量产权交易的特征)，提出了环境容量产权交易的可行性和必要性。同时针对政府在环境容量产权交易中的作用进行了必要的分析。     

Wild meat trade over the last 45 years in the Peruvian Amazon

The trade in wild meat is an important economic component of rural people's livelihoods, but it has been perceived to be among the main causes of the decline of wildlife species. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light an additional concern of wildlife markets as a major human-health challenge. We analyzed data from the largest longitudinal monitoring (1973–2018) of the most important urban wild-meat markets in Iquitos, Peru, to examine the trends in and impacts of these markets on people's livelihoods. Over the last 45 years, wild meat sales increased at a rate of 6.4 t/year (SD 2.17), paralleling urban population growth. Wild meat sales were highest in 2018 (442 t), contributing US$2.6 million (0.76%) to the regional gross domestic product. Five species of ungulates and rodents accounted for 88.5% of the amount of biomass traded. Vulnerable and Endangered species represented 7.0% and 0.4% of individuals sold, respectively. Despite growth in sales, the contribution of wild meat to overall urban diet was constant: 1–2%/year of total meat consumed. This result was due to greater availability and higher consumption of cheaper meats (e.g., in 2018, poultry was 45.8% cheaper and was the most consumed meat) coupled with the lack of economic incentives to harvest wild meat species in rural areas. Most wild meat was sold salted or smoked, reducing the likelihood of foodborne diseases. Community-based wildlife management plans and the continued trade bans on primates and threatened taxa may avoid biodiversity loss. Considering the recent COVID-19 pandemic, future management plans should include potential viral hosts and regulation and enforcement of hygiene practices in wild-meat markets.     

Analysis of China''s Water Security and Virtual Water Trade

Producing goods and services all needs water consumption. The water used in the process of an agricultural or industrial product is called the "Virtual Water" contained in this product.Through international trade, water-scarce countries and regions could purchase water-intensive products--especially foods, from water-rich countries to balance their water deficits and achieve water safety. China is one of the 13 most water-deficit countries whose water safety have been severely challenged. This paper generalized the recent global research development and made a brief introduction about the methods calculating virtual water content in specific products. As a case study, we qualified China's annual virtual water flows from year 2000 to 2002 with trade in crops, and ended with some policy advice for application and practice of virtual water strategy.     

中国农产品贸易虚拟水转移及其影响因素研究

挑选与中国农产品贸易额较大且具有代表性的10个国家,构建包含资源环境要素的虚拟水投入产出模型,计算农产品贸易隐含虚拟水的转移情况.进而以国际贸易理论为基础构建了以虚拟水净进口量为被解释变量的贸易引力模型,重点探究了包括自由贸易协定和关税在内的各因素对虚拟水转移的影响.结果表明,中国的农业用水效率虽然在逐年提高,但与农业发达国家相比仍有较大差距;中国通过农产品国际贸易实现了对大部分国家虚拟水的贸易逆差;土地资源、劳动力数量、农业生产效率等方面的比较优势以及是否签订自由贸易协定、关税水平等变量是农产品贸易虚拟水流动的显著影响因素.中国通过进一步发展和壮大农产品国际贸易可以有效缓解国内水资源压力,因此应当在提高自身农业比较优势的同时,加快发展对外贸易关系,并充分发挥自由贸易协定在农产品国际贸易中的关键作用.     

E‐commerce trade in invasive plants

Biological invasions are a major concern in conservation, especially because global transport of species is still increasing rapidly. Conservationists hope to anticipate and thus prevent future invasions by identifying and regulating potentially invasive species through species risk assessments and international trade regulations. Among many introduction pathways of non‐native species, horticulture is a particularly important driver of plant invasions. In recent decades, the horticultural industry expanded globally and changed structurally through the emergence of new distribution channels, including internet trade (e‐commerce). Using an automated search algorithm, we surveyed, on a daily basis, e‐commerce trade on 10 major online auction sites (including eBay) of approximately three‐fifths of the world's spermatophyte flora. Many recognized invasive plant species (>500 species) (i.e., species associated with ecological or socio‐economic problems) were traded daily worldwide on the internet. A markedly higher proportion of invasive than non‐invasive species were available online. Typically, for a particular plant family, 30–80% of recognized invasive species were detected on an auction site, but only a few percentages of all species in the plant family were detected on a site. Families that were more traded had a higher proportion of invasive species than families that were less traded. For woody species, there was a significant positive relationship between the number of regions where a species was sold and the number of regions where it was invasive. Our results indicate that biosecurity is not effectively regulating online plant trade. In the future, automated monitoring of e‐commerce may help prevent the spread of invasive species, provide information on emerging trade connectivity across national borders, and be used in horizon scanning exercises for early detection of new species and their geographic source areas in international trade.