提高电捕焦油器安全生产运行的措施

简要叙述了电捕焦油器开工以来存在的问题,对电捕捕焦油器不能安全稳定运行的原因进行了分析,并采取改进措施。实践证明,改进工艺技术合理,方法可行,电捕焦油器运行效果达到指标要求。     

Development of monitoring technology for airborne particulate matter

Particulate matter suspended in the air has adverse effects onhuman health. Its level of concentration is an important parameter in evaluating the degree of hazard it poses to the atmosphere. Conventional methods used in measuring particulatematter are often filter-based, which indicates some disadvantagesbecause such a base requires labor and time. In this study, to achieve real-time measurements, a new electrical method was developed for measuring PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations. The basicprinciple is to electrically charge particles passing through thePM inlet using a corona charger and measure the currents createdby charged particles to obtain the number concentration of particulate matter. A new type inlet based on the particle cupimpactor configuration was designed and its performance was evaluated. A unipolar diffusion charger was developed and thecharger's efficiency was determined experimentally in terms ofPn, which represents the penetration through the charger,P, times the average charge number acquired by a particle,n, for different particle sizes. The correlation was constructed between the PM10 (or the PM2.5) mass concentrationsand the electrical currents due to particles, which were chargedby the diffusion charger.     

泰州市环境空气中挥发性有机物分布特征

于2018年4—9月对泰州市环境空气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)组分开展现场观测,结合观测数据分析该市大气中VOCs的时空分布特征。结果表明:观测期间泰州市环境空气中VOCs平均摩尔比为45.1 nmol/mol,其中含氧挥发性有机物占比为57.8%;受周边排放源和地理位置影响,下风向点位的VOCs测定值高于其他点位;VOCs月均最高值出现在6月,与臭氧月均最高值出现时间一致,7—9月气团出现老化,导致臭氧生成能力减弱;观测期间VOCs中甲苯/苯(T/B)比值范围为0.201 9～5.130 3,且大部分T/B比值2,说明溶剂、油气和液化石油气挥发等排放源对泰州市环境空气中VOCs的影响较为显著。     

Morphology and electrical conductivity of PACS

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Adaptations to the dynamics of rural water supply from natural sources: A village example in semi-arid Nigeria

Domestic and agro-economic activities in the semi-arid region of Nigeria rely exclusively on rainfall, streamflow and groundwater in deep and alluvial (fadama) aquifers. Such water supply systems are subject to considerable seasonal and inter-annual variability. However, a combination of the various sources may mitigate the effects of water scarcity. This study describes the dynamics of the water sources for a village in northeastern Nigeria as an example that demonstrates the linkages between rainfall, streamflow and groundwater. Such linkages are important for developing strategies to mitigate the effects of climatic variation. Long-term records of rainfall were not available at the site so that the short-term data was interpreted in the context of the long-term climatic experience of the region. The stratigraphic profile of the aquifer was developed from resistivity methods, to supplement information obtained from well level hydrographs. Field observations and analysis of the data reveal that the beginning of the rainy season is a precarious period because none of the water sources are reliable. Rainfall infiltration recharges the shallow aquifers while lateral water flux from the floodwater-saturated fadama also contributes to water level rises in the deep wells. A study of the water level changes in response to deepening of the wells suggests that the wells are fed by an assortment of water-bearing lenses, separated by layers of low transmissivity. One major finding of this study is that there exists a close association between the wells in this riparian community and the recharge processes within the fadama. Upstream diversion, abstraction or impoundment could therefore undermine the viability of aquifer exploitation by the communities in the riparian zone. Analysis of the interactions among the various sources of water leads to the identification of several potential adaptation strategies for confronting the problem of water scarcity.     

电热管焊接接头挤压裂纹的分析

针对电热管焊接接头挤压产生的裂纹 ,通过采用金相显微镜观察其金相组织并用直读光谱对原材料成分进行化学成分分析 ,排除了成分、焊接工艺规范等的影响。经过对挤压过程分析 ,发现应力集中点是产生裂纹的主要原因 ,并提出了改进的方法     

合肥台地电阻率干扰综述

本文首先叙述了合肥台地电阻率值ρS的观测环境,并根据合肥台近年几次ρS的异常变化,通过初步理论分析,找出了DD-1接地体、电缆沟开挖、大气降水、太阳黑子引起的自然电场对ρS的干扰,为以后排除和识别地电干扰起参考作用.     

略论与电除尘器设计有关的几个问题

作者根据多年从事电除尘器工作的经验，提出了在设计、制造和调试中应充分考虑的诸如原始条件、设备参数选择、结构设计等影响电除尘器性能的各种因素，并从理论上进行分析和论证，以期通过讨论寻求最佳的设计方案和实践效果。     

进口废电器拆解残余固体废物中污染物的溶出试验研究

进口废电器拆解后的残余固体废物是一种碱性废物 ,2— 3年雨量范围内的模拟酸雨淋出液中的Cu和Zn的含量超过排放标准中的一级排放标准 ,而Ni、Pb、Hg的含量可以达标 ;在整个 10年试验雨量范围内 ,所有淋出液中CODCr和油的含量均超过一级排放标准 .酸性介质有利于Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni的释放 .碱性介质有利于油和CODCr的释放 .在各种淋溶介质条件下 ,主要污染因子的淋溶释放一般符合Ct=C0 ·tb 模型 .     

电子废弃物循环利用与自愿协议式管理

随着电子废弃物数量的激增和非正规电子废弃物处理企业生产对环境影响,中国电子废弃物问题日益凸现出来.在我国,电子废弃物正成为一类重要废弃物,据估计,电子废弃物产出量以每年13～15%的速度增长,其增速是普通生活垃圾的3倍.如何解决我国电子废弃物问题不仅是环境保护的要求,也是经济发展的要求.电子废弃物的循环利用是电子废弃物管理和治理的最佳途径.电子废弃物的自愿协议式管理作为一种新的环境管理方式,对于改善电子废弃物管理现状、提高废弃物循环利用率、减少电子废弃物产生、降低电子废弃物的危害等具有广阔的应用前景.