气相色谱法测定环境空气中吡啶

建立了用气相色谱法测定环境空气中吡啶的方法。环境空气中吡啶活性炭吸附,二硫化碳解吸,DB-200毛细管柱分离,直接进样分析,氢火焰离子化检测器检测,时间定性,峰面积定量,吡啶回收率为91．5％～103．1％,当采样体积为20L,吡啶最低检出质量浓度分别为0．006mg/m 3。本方法前处理简便,分离度好,分析灵敏度高,满足环境分析要求。     

沈阳市环境空气质量近10年变化趋势与污染控制对策

论述了近10年沈阳市环境空气质量变化趋势,对环境空气质量进行了空气综合污染指数评价和Spearman秩相关检验评价,并详细地阐明了环境空气污染与全市的能源结构、污染源排放状况和气候、气象条件等因素密切相关,提出解决环境空气污染的控制对策。     

沈阳市大气污染排放申报登记结果

本文就沈阳市大气污染物排放申报登记结果进行分析、评价、并得出结论，为大气污染总量控制打下基础．     

白腐真菌对活性艳红染料X-3B的脱色实验研究

探讨了白腐真菌对活性艳红染料X-3B废水的脱色效果。实验结果表明白腐真菌可以有效地对染料废水进行脱色。白腐真菌在空气曝气培养条件下,比在空气静置培养状态下具有更强的脱色降解能力;而且当在染料废水中加入一定量的碳源物质(葡萄糖)能提高白腐真菌脱色能力。最后,通过考察细胞外液对染料废水的脱色效果,表明白腐真菌对染料进行脱色的核心体系位于细胞体外。实验结果对白腐真菌在环境工程中的直接应用具有一定的价值。     

Can China control the side effects of motor vehicle growth?

Motor vehicle growth in China is the fastest in the world. This is placing great strain on the urban environment and causing a rapid increase in oil imports and motor vehicle carbon dioxide emissions. To deal with the environmental and health effects of air pollution, China has adopted a strong motor vehicle pollution control programme and imposed limits on fuel consumption of new light duty vehicles. The article will review these problems and programmes. Special focus will be given to the need to reduce sulphur levels in both gasoline and diesel fuel.     

Land Area Eligible for Afforestation and Reforestation within the Clean Development Mechanism: A Global Analysis of the Impact of Forest Definition

Within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Kyoto Protocol, countries have significant latitude to define a forest. The most important parameter affecting area designated as forest is the minimum crown cover which can be set between 10 and 30%. The choice will have implications for the amount of land available in a country for afforestation and reforestation activities within the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM-AR). In this paper, we present an analysis of the regional differences in land availability for CDM-AR projects. We then examine how the choice of a high or low threshold value for crown cover will affect the area available for CDM activities and how the limitations imposed by this element of the definition compares to other factors that are likely to limit CDM activities. Results represent a global analysis that included all countries not included in Annex I of the Kyoto Protocol, and examined the effect on land availability of a range of crown cover thresholds ranging from 10–30%. Of the 140 Non-Annex One countries, 107 countries were found to have a potential for CDM-AR projects. Asia had the largest amount of combined area suitable for CDM-AR at the 10% crown cover threshold level. However, at 30%, South America had the greatest amount of land available, and a large change in available land area, which increased by almost five times compared to what was available at the 10% threshold. The area available in Africa increased by a factor of 5.5. Central America showed the largest increase, to almost 10 times more at the 30% threshold. By contrast, within Asia, the area increase was comparatively less, but still the area nearly doubled. Globally, a low threshold of 10% crown cover excluded almost 2/3 of the land identified that was eligible at 30%, over 5 million km². The spatial analyses showed not only the effects of the choice of the crown cover criterion, but also where the land was available for CDM activities within each country at different thresholds. Protected areas account for 10–20% of the CDM-AR eligible area in most countries.     

气相色谱在我国大气污染物监测中的应用

阐述了气相色谱法在我国大气有机物监测中所取得的成果。重点介绍了在监测大气中多环芳烃,氯化二苯并二(口恶)(口英)和氯化二苯并呋哺,碳氢化合物、苯系物、硝基苯、苯胺、恶臭、有机硫化物、农药、酚类、有机酸、肼和偏二甲肼、丙烯腈、卤代烃、多氯联苯等物质中的应用。     

绍兴市清洁生产审计工作试点剖析

通过对绍兴市清洁生产示范项目试点企业的清洁生产审计方法，程序及初步成果的剖析，说明了采用清洁生产审计，进行污染预防，是企业实现经济与环境双重效益的最佳途径，指出，我国在现阶段企业实施清洁生产，预防污染措施的优选顺序为：技术与设备改造，良好的内部管理，废弃物回收利用，工艺过程优化，以及原材料或产品的替代等。