全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9345篇 |
免费 | 620篇 |
国内免费 | 425篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1726篇 |
废物处理 | 221篇 |
环保管理 | 3735篇 |
综合类 | 2485篇 |
基础理论 | 887篇 |
环境理论 | 10篇 |
污染及防治 | 260篇 |
评价与监测 | 398篇 |
社会与环境 | 360篇 |
灾害及防治 | 308篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 93篇 |
2022年 | 127篇 |
2021年 | 194篇 |
2020年 | 262篇 |
2019年 | 195篇 |
2018年 | 171篇 |
2017年 | 229篇 |
2016年 | 319篇 |
2015年 | 262篇 |
2014年 | 332篇 |
2013年 | 469篇 |
2012年 | 462篇 |
2011年 | 598篇 |
2010年 | 410篇 |
2009年 | 511篇 |
2008年 | 410篇 |
2007年 | 481篇 |
2006年 | 483篇 |
2005年 | 377篇 |
2004年 | 428篇 |
2003年 | 354篇 |
2002年 | 406篇 |
2001年 | 369篇 |
2000年 | 405篇 |
1999年 | 314篇 |
1998年 | 217篇 |
1997年 | 199篇 |
1996年 | 314篇 |
1995年 | 164篇 |
1994年 | 66篇 |
1993年 | 74篇 |
1992年 | 63篇 |
1991年 | 56篇 |
1990年 | 37篇 |
1989年 | 37篇 |
1988年 | 37篇 |
1987年 | 35篇 |
1986年 | 29篇 |
1985年 | 45篇 |
1984年 | 61篇 |
1983年 | 50篇 |
1982年 | 26篇 |
1981年 | 20篇 |
1980年 | 31篇 |
1979年 | 33篇 |
1978年 | 25篇 |
1975年 | 15篇 |
1973年 | 14篇 |
1972年 | 16篇 |
1971年 | 26篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 406 毫秒
171.
Boris N. Porfiriev 《Environmental management》1996,20(1):25-33
An analysis is presented of the environmental effects of the most serious radiation accident recorded after Chernobyl, which
occurred in the formerly secret town of Tomsk-7 in Siberia, Russia, on 6, April 1993. Fortunately, it appears not to have
become a major industrial crisis or disaster. The causes of the accident are described. It is argued that a mixture of both
objective and subjective prerequisites, including specific human, organizational, and technological factors, were responsible
for the explosion or directly facilitated it. The Tomsk-7 accident's ecological, medical, social, and psychological consequences
are discussed. 相似文献
172.
William G. Coleman 《Environmental management》1996,20(6):815-825
The term biodiversity describes the array of interacting, genetically distinct populations and species in a region, the communities they comprise, and the variety of ecosystems of which they are functioning parts. Ecosystem health, a closely related concept, is described in terms of a process identifying biological indicators, end points, and values. The decline of populations or species, an accelerating trend worldwide, can lead to simplification of ecosystem processes, thus threatening the stability and sustainability of ecosystem services directly relevant to human welfare in the chain of economic and ecological relationships. The challenge of addressing issues of such enormous scope and complexity has highlighted the limitations of ecology-as-science. Additionally, biosphere-scale conflicts seem to lie beyond the scope of conventional economics, leading to differences of opinion about the commodity value of biodiversity and of the services that intact ecosystems provide. In the face of these uncertainties, many scientists and economists have adopted principles that clearly assign burdens of proof to those who would promote the loss of biodiversity and that also establish near-trump (preeminent) status for ecological integrity. Electric utility facilities and operations impact biodiversity whenever construction, operation, or maintenance of generation, delivery, and support facilities alters landscapes and habitats and thereby impacts species. Although industry is accustomed to dealing with broad environmental concerns (such as global warming or acid rain), the biodiversity issue invokes hemisphere-wide, regional, local, and site-specific concerns all at the same time. Industry can proactively address these issues of scope and scale in two main ways: first, by aligning strategically with the broad research agenda put forth by informed scientists and institutions; and second, by supporting focused management processes whose results will contribute incrementally to the broader agenda of rebuilding or maintaining biodiversity. 相似文献
173.
Atsuyoshi Nakayama Norioki Kawasaki Ioannis Arvanitoyannis Seiichi Aiba Noboru Yamamoto 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1996,4(3):205-211
Biodegradable polyesters were synthesized by ring-opening copolymerization of -butyrolactone (BL) and its derivatives withl-lactide (LLA). Although tetraphenyl tin was the main catalyst used, other organometallic catalysts were used as well.1H and13C NMR spectra showed that poly(BL-co-LLA)s were statistical and that their number-average molecular weights were as high as 7×104. The maximum BL content obtained from copolymerization BL/LLA was around 17%. TheT
m andT
g values of the copolymers showed a gradual depression with an increase in BL content. NoT
m was obtained for the copolymers containing more than 13 mol% BL. The biodegradability of the copolyesters was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis and nonenzymatic hydrolysis tests. The enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 37°C for 24 h using lipases fromRhizopus arrhizus andR. delemar. Hydrolyses by both lipases showed that an increase in BL content of the copolymer resulted in enhanced biodegradability. Nonenzymatic accelerated hydrolysis of copolymers at 70°C was found to increase proportionally to their exposure time. The hydrolysis rate of these copolymers was considerably faster than that of PLLA. The higher hydrolyzability was recorded for the BL-rich copolymers. The copolymerization of -methyl--butyrolactone (MBL) or -ethyl--butyrolactone (EBL) with LLA resulted in relatively LA-rich copolymers. 相似文献
174.
/ The valleys of European piedmonts constitute changing narrow corridors within which water, matter, nutrients, energy, and species flow. The dispersion patterns of these flows have been significantly disturbed since the end of the 18th century. Thus, western European valleys have been changed into complex mosaics by implementation of socioeconomical programs. In order to define future actions allowing the preservation of this "ecocomplex" (Blandin and Lamotte 1988), it is necessary to gather precise information of the landscape dynamics. Hence, the study of the European river valleys must be based upon two major steps: (1)the analysis of the present landscape with suitable remote sensing techniques, allowing us to map the complex mosaic of narrow corridors; and (2) the analysis of temporal landscape development patterns since the first engineering works that have transformed the braided channel system. In this paper, the efficiency of the addition of two techniques is highlighted: (1) the "wavelet merging method" from multispectral and panchromatic SPOT images for the floodplain land-cover mapping, and (2) the historical reconstruction techniques from old maps and archive documents in order to analyze the cumulative impacts of engineering works on landscape diversity. To illustrate the method, a particularly complex case study is chosen: the Arc/Isere confluence (downstream from Albertville, Savoie, France). Remote sensing, field survey, and historical reconstruction allowed us to distinguish two types of spatial units: (1) the "functional sets" characterized by independent state factors (edaphic, hydrological, and topographic) and supporting a limited number of vegetation types (spontaneous or cultivated), and (2) the functional unit (= ecotope), which corresponds to a unique combination of vegetation type/functional set.KEY WORDS: Landscape ecology; Floodplains; Vegetation; Land use; Remote sensing; Historical reconstruction; Mapping; Merging methods; Human impacts; Alps; Isere river; France 相似文献
175.
Taylor AJ 《Disasters》1983,7(1):37-40
This paper defines the various levels within government, the voluntary agencies and the community which might benefit from training and makes suggestions as to where the emphasis should be placed. It points out that training programmes should be designed to meet the expressed needs of a particular group of trainees as well as be related to the current or potential disaster situation. 相似文献
176.
Carter W 《Disasters》1983,7(1):34-36
This paper discusses both the need for training within a wider context of community disaster preparedness and the major alternatives in methods of training. Emphasis is placed on the importance of compatibility between the resources within a given country and appropriate training programmes. 相似文献
177.
178.
从经济学和管理科学的角度 ,笔者结合铁路运输系统的特殊性 ,对铁路企业安全管理激励与约束机制问题进行分析和探讨 ;指出了在铁路安全管理中要坚持长期激励为主 ,短期激励为辅的原则 ;合理调整物质激励与非物质激励的关系 ,使两者有效相容 ,使职工和企业成为利益的共同体 ;并在铁路系统内部要注重安全文化建设 ,形成铁路安全文化的氛围 相似文献
179.
中国交通安全技术分析 总被引:6,自引:6,他引:6
笔者在分析和比较中、美、日等国道路交通现状、交通安全的发展趋势、已采取相应对策及其实施效果的基础上 ,对我国现阶段交通特点、交通安全的状况、交通安全技术特征以及发展趋势进行了研讨和分析 ,并强调在交通安全管理的总体框架下 ,交通安全技术手段的提高是我国交通安全管理面临的迫切需要解决的问题 ,从而提出只有通过实施分阶段的、递进的安全管理对策和开展长效管理 ,提高交通安全技术 ,建立“点—线—面”的立体控制系统和道路交通安全保障体系 ,才能提高我国交通系统的整体安全性能 相似文献
180.
长庆钻井野外施工作业队伍依据OSH,HSE管理体系的基本要求和国际通用做法,吸取与壳牌公司在长北区块的合作经验。学习国际上杜邦,阿莫科等石油公司的HSE合作案卷,翻阅了苏丹中国项目组HSE例卷,结合长庆钻井的实际情况。在野外施工作业队伍实施OSH,HSE管理,创新了17项管理技术。提升了作业队伍现场管理水平,步入与国际惯例接轨的行列,提高了经济效益。 相似文献