Preliminary study on organic contaminants in the water of northwest part of the Lake Chao

The waterquality of the downstream of Nanfei River and the northwest area of Lake Chao is evaluated from organic analysis aspect. PAHs such as fluoranthene, pyrene are detected in the waters collected from downstream river and river mouth. More phenolic compounds are found in the river water. Some halogenated hydrocarbons are present in the river and lake waters. A great many of aliphatic hydrocarbons and benzene hydrocarbons found in all the water samples are about one third of the total organics detected. The hydrophobic components are found to be present not only in water but also in suspended sediment. The ratio of the amount existing is 0.4 in sediment and 1 in particle-free water. The quantity of humic materials existing in lake water is larger than that in river water. The proportion of the humic materials in lake water to that in river water is 1.9 to 1. In the lake water, some natural substances, such as dimethyl disulfide, alpha-pinene, azulene, and 6- methyl -2-heptanone are observed.     

The study for polyaromatic hydrocarbons decay on Chinese coal soot particles in atmosphere

A study for the photochemical behavior of some polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), for example B(a )P, B( k )F and fluoranthene in coal smoke particles was performed by using indoor Teflon smog chamber.Experiments suggest that the photochemical reaction of PAH is first order reaction and kinetic rates of some PAH were obtained. It was shown that the reaction rate constant is proportional to light intensity and water vapor concentration. Temperature and PAH loading also have influence on PAH decay rate. A model for PAH loss has been set up on the basis of the results of our experiments and the simulating results of this model suggest that coal particle PAH half lives are of the order of a period of days in winter and a few hours in summer. Other factors which may have effect on the photochemical reaction of PAH have also been discussed.     

The hierarchy and spatial characteristics of ecosystems: A reconsideration of the ecosystem concept (II)

This paper, based on the autonomy concept, continues to investigate hierarchical forms and spatial structure of ecosystems. The former can lead to limits for the selection of the component parts of an ecosystem and a distinction between its endogenous and exogenous variables; and the latter can be lead to a hypothesis of the space of an ecosystem: the space of an ecosystem = its habitat area + supporting area + impact area, and two characteristics of ecosystems, space-overlapping and the area of ecosystem space, have been further studied referring to human activities.     

Effects of Ca2+ ions antagonistic to Al3+ ions poisoningin root growth , cell division and nucleolusin root tip cells of Allium cepa

The effects of different aluminium chloride concentrations together with varying calciumchloride concentrations on root growth, cell division and nucleoli in root tip cells of Allium cepa werestudied. The concentrations used for aluminium chloride were 10^-4, 10^-3 and 10^-2 mol/L ; and for calcium chloride were 10^-5 , 10^-4 , 10^-3 and 10^-2 mol/L, respectively. The results showed that after thetreatments with 10^-2 to 10^-3 mol/L Al³⁺ , root growth was severely inhibited , a large nurnber of thecells with c-mitosis were induced and the nucleolar material was extruded from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. However , the treatments with 10^-2 to 10^-3 mol/L of Al³⁺ together with 10^-2)to 10^-5 mol/LCa²⁺ suggested that Ca²⁺ gave the obviously protective effects against Al³⁺ poisoning in root growth.cell division and nucleoli of the root tip cells in A. cepa. The possible mechanism of these protective effects of Ca²⁺) is also briefly discussed.     

Effects of lead , cadmium , mercury chlorides and aquaticenvironmental samples on the growth of Escherichia coli

In this paper it was reported that PbCl₂ , CdCl₂ , HgCl₂, and aquatic environmental samples containing Al, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sr, Zn and other heavy metal ions as well as organic chemicals suppressed thegrowth of E. coli only at higher exposed concentrations. The stimulative effects of PbCl₂ and HgCl₂ on thegrowth of E. coli were clearly showed at lower concentrations and longer time. It suggested that the toxic effects of heavy metal ions and other pollutants on the growth of E. coli are variable according to the differentexposed levels.     

山西乡镇企业的污染治理对策初探

<正> 1 导言近年来,乡镇企业飞速发展,在整个国民经济中占据了非常重要的地位。然而,随之而来的是不容易忽视的环境问题。由于乡镇企业刚刚起步,人们往往只注重经济效益,而忽视环境保护。目前,乡镇企业的环保工作是一个漏洞,应该引起足够的重视,有必要对乡镇企业的污染现状和污染治理作一番探讨。 2 山西乡镇企业的污染现状山西是能源、重、化工基地,而且矿产     

浅谈企业处理环境污染纠纷地的方法与程序

如何处理环境污染纠纷是企业发展面临的一个课题。文章简要分析了企业环境污染纠纷的产生及其主要来源。提出企业处理环境污染纠纷的实用方法与程序。     

波罗的海地区的区域农业合作历程和未来的潜力——西岸的观点

早在１９９１年，瑞典的有关研究机构和组织了制订了波罗的海地区的农业研究和发展计划。具体行动主要是由瑞典农业科学大学（ＳＬＵ）、瑞典农民联盟（ＬＲＦ）、瑞典农业工程研究所（ＪＴＩ）Ｔ 瑞典农业协会实施的。主要的资助者是ＢＩＴＳＡ、Ｓｉｄａ和瑞典研究所。在研究合作方面，ＮＯＶＡＢＡ扮演了重要的角色。ＮＯＶＡＢＡ是北欧和波罗的波地区的农业大学为在上述领域进行合作而建立的组织。经验表明，所有的计划都应当具     

耀县水泥厂环保综合治理的体会

企业如何在发展经济的同时，搞好环保综合治理，提高企业的效益呢？这是我们面临的重要课题。我们耀县水泥厂依靠科技对1号窑收尘系统进行了改造，减少和消除了污染源，改善了厂区环境，为加快企业自身的发展，进一步提高企业综合治理的能力，起到了积极促进作用。1耀县水泥厂环保综合治理概况耀县水泥厂是一个有近四十年历史的老企业，也是我国建材行业大型骨干企业之一。耀县水泥厂的建设与发展经历了不同的历史时期，由于历史的原因，工程设计、施工受到当时政策和技术的限制，尤其是设计上对防止污染措施缺乏全面的考虑，欠帐较多，导致…