工艺安全警示灯

当地一个社区举行庆典,有升放热气球的活动。气球漂移到一个化工厂的上空时,受到强烈的向下气流影响而受困。气球不能停留在高空中,其中几只气球落到了工厂里!这种情形具有潜在的危险,因为热气球使用了开放式的火焰喷灯来加热空气,而这家工厂又存在着易燃物质。同时,附近还有许多的电线,在气球紧急着陆时,热气球飞行员必须要避开它们。幸运的是,该工厂的操作人员和应急队员训l练有素并富有经验。虽然从来没有针对这样的情形进行过培训和演练,但是他们仍然能够利用他们的知识和平时的应急培训,安全有效地处理化解上述情况带来的风险。所有这些气球都被安全地回收,没有造成任何人身伤害和重大损失。     

如何当好一名外操

小赵:分馏岗位外操1在有些人眼里,外操的技术含量较低,无非是挂个牌,采个样,打扫一下卫生,其实并不如此.我是由主操到外操岗位的,相比之下,外操并不比主操轻松多少.作为一名炼油操作工,特别是外操,一定要熟悉现场流程,用师傅的话说,就是"要知道每一根管线的走向,了解每一条流程的去向,这才是一个优秀的外操".     

山谷里的百合花

她们没有艳丽的服装,也没有娇媚的目光,大山给了她们朴实的性格,山谷赋予她们坚强的品质.湖北荆门分公司坐落在延绵起伏的大山里,远远望去,炼塔、球罐在绿色的丛林中巍然屹立.很难想象一座现代化的油城就坐落在这个山沟里,很难想象这个油城已经有了36年的历史,更让人难以想象的是在这里15个女工能够操作一套炼油装置.     

种植苜蓿草的生态环境效益和经济效益分析——苜蓿草在台安县洪家农牧场种植实验

2004年台安县洪家农牧场引进加拿大优质苜蓿草进行种植实验.通过清种、林地间作和不种苜蓿草对比实验,对土壤速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质、PH值、含水量进行分析,得出种植苜蓿草所产生的生态环境效益和经济效益.此项实验结论说明,紫色苜蓿是牧草之王,可促进养殖业的发展,对改善生态环境,防止土壤沙化和水土流失,改善农业结构,实现生态良性循环起到积极的促进作用,对改善生态环境起到了良好的示范作用.     

Factors affecting the direct mineralization of CO2 with olivine

Olivine, one of the most abundant minerals existing in nature, is explored as a CO2 carbonation agent for direct carbonation of CO2 in flue gas. Olivine based CO2 capture is thermodynamically favorable and can form a stable carbonate for long-term storage. Experimental results have shown that water vapor plays an important role in improving CO2 carbonation rate and capacities. Other operation conditions including reaction temperature, initial CO2 concentration, residence time corresponding to the flow rate of CO2 gas stream, and water vapor concentration also considerably affect the performance of the technology.     

Silver impregnated carbon for adsorption and desorption of elemental mercury vapors

The Hg0 vapor adsorption experimental results on a novel sorbent obtained by impregnating a commercially available activated carbon (Darco G60 from BDH) with silver nitrate were reported. The study was performed by using a fundamental approach, in an apparatus at laboratory scale in which a synthetic flue gas, formed by Hg0 vapors in a nitrogen gas stream, at a given temperature and mercury concentration, was flowed through a fixed bed of adsorbent material. Breakthrough curves and adsorption isotherms were obtained for bed temperatures of 90, 120 and 150°C and for Hg0 concentrations in the gas varying in the range of 0.8–5.0 mg/m3. The experimental gas-solid equilibrium data were used to evaluate the Langmuir parameters and the heat of adsorption. The experimental results showed that silver impregnated carbon was very effective to capture elemental mercury and the amount of mercury adsorbed by the carbon decreased as the bed temperature increased. In addition, to evaluate the possibility of adsorbent recovery, desorption was also studied. Desorption runs showed that both the adsorbing material and the mercury could be easily recovered, since at the end of desorption the residue on solid was almost negligible. The material balance on mercury and the constitutive equations of the adsorption phenomenon were integrated, leading to the evaluation of only one kinetic parameter which fits well both the experimentally determined breakthrough and desorption curves.     

Effect of anaerobic digestion on the high rate of nitritation, treating piggery wastewater

Laboratory reactors were operated by using piggery wastewater and the effluent of anaerobic digester from piggery wastewater plants to study the effect of anaerobic digestion on nitritation rate.     

改性灰岩除氟的实验研究

采用改性灰岩作为除氟材料,通过批实验和柱实验,考察不同条件下的除氟效果,并探讨了其实际应用的可能性。结果表明:FeCl3溶液联合灰岩除氟,可使高氟水中的氟浓度达到国家饮用水标准,在含氟水样中加灰岩后,直接加FeCl3会促进灰岩对氟的去除效率。在氟离子浓度为5 mg/L,粒径0.2～0.5 mm的灰岩为1 g的条件下,铁离子含量为0.016 mmol/L时,即可达到去除的最佳效果,除氟率可达95.74%。柱实验说明在FeCl3溶液浓度一定时,除氟率随着总出水量的增加而提高;填充的灰岩总量不变时,随着FeCl3溶液浓度的增加,除氟效果明显增加,说明本实验具有实际应用的可能性。     

《环境科学与技术》总目次

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