空气中尿素粉尘含量测定方法初探

本文提出了一种测定空气中尿素粉尘含量的方法。将尿素粉尘吸收后转化为铵,通过测定铵含量间接得出尿素含量。本法具有较高的准确度与精密度。     

4-氯苯酚在水溶液中的光化学反应(Ⅱ)反应的动力学研究

研究了在模拟太阳光和紫外光作用下，４－氯苯酚的光反应动力学，研究表明，紫外光的作用更为显。４－ＣＰ的反应速率与４－ＣＰ起始浓度、ｐＨ值，金属离子浓度、富里酸浓度等因素有关，通入空气，能够加速４－ＣＰ降解。     

尿素合成塔内衬腐蚀规律研究

本文归纳总结了水溶液全循环工艺尿素合成塔内衬腐蚀规律。研究表明使用超过13年的尿素合成塔内衬均匀腐蚀规律开始分化,个别塔内衬腐蚀加剧明显;而且尿素合成塔中偏上部筒节一般为剩余壁厚最薄的筒节,可通过适当调节该筒节塔盘间距或塔板筛孔数,减少该处局部反应时间,改善温度分布,延长整塔使用寿命。另外,多塔并联使用时,应注意管道分压导致各塔氧含量不均引发的不均匀腐蚀。     

Application of magnetic particles modified with amino groups to adsorb copper ions in aqueous solution

A magnetic adsorbent can be easily recovered from treated water by magnetic force,without requiring further downstream treatment.In this research,amine-functionalized silica magnetite has been synthesized using N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-ethylenediamine(TPED) as a surface modification agent.The synthesized magnetic amine adsorbents were used to adsorb copper ions in an aqueous solution in a batch system,and the maximum adsorption was found to occur at pH 5.5 ± 0.1.The adsorption equilibrium data fitted t...     

Reversibly enhanced aqueous solubilization of volatile organic compounds using a redox-reversible surfactant

Surfactant-enhanced remediation (SER) is an effective method for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from contaminated soils and groundwater. To reuse the surfactant the VOCs must be separated from the surfactant solutions. The water solubility of VOCs can be enhanced using reversible surfactants with a redox-acive group, (ferrocenylmethyl)dodecyldimethylammonium bromide (Fcl2) and (ferrocenylmethyl)tetradecanedimethylammonium bromide (Fcl4), above and below their critical micelle concentrations (CMC) under reducing (I⁺) and oxidative (I²⁺) conditions. The CMC values of Fcl2 and Fcl4 in I⁺ are 0.94 and 0.56 mmol/L and the solubilization of toluene by Fcl2 and Fcl4 in I⁺ for toluene is higher than the solubilization achieved with sodium dodecyl sulfate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and Trition X-114. The solubilization capacity of the ferrocenyl surfactants for each tested VOCs ranked as follows: ethylbenzene > toluene > benzene. The solubilities of VOCs by reversible surfactant in I⁺ were 30% higher than those in I²⁺ at comparable surfactant concentrations. The effects of Fcl4 concentrations on VOCs removal efficiency were as follows: benzene > toluene > ethylbenzene. However, an improved removal efficiency was achieved at low ferrocenyl surfactant concentrations. Furthermore, the reversible surfactant could be recycled through chemical approaches to remove organic pollutants, which could significantly reduce the operating costs of SER technology.     

包膜尿素对污染土壤上水稻吸收Zn的影响

通过盆栽试验,研究了等氮量下普通尿素(PU,prilled urea)、硫包膜尿素(SCU,sulfur coated urea)和树脂包膜尿素(PCU,polymer coated urea)对污染土壤上水稻Zn吸收特性的影响。结果表明,与施用普通尿素相比,施用树脂包膜尿素和硫包膜尿素处理的水稻籽粒产量分别增加9.83%和1.64%,糙米Zn含量分别降低5.48%和11.2%,但差异不显著。施用树脂包膜尿素和硫包膜尿素促进水稻生长,一定程度上降低糙米中Zn浓度。     

环境条件对尿素官能团化Fe3O4@LDH去除TPhP的影响

在实际水体中存在的颗粒物、有机物、无机阴离子等对吸附剂的稳定性和污染物的去除率均有重要的影响.所制备的尿素官能团化Fe3O4@LDH(urea-Fe3O4@LDH)对磷酸三苯酯(TPhP)的去除表现出良好的性能,但不同环境条件对TPhP去除率的影响仍未知.基于此,利用高岭土作为模拟颗粒物,用富里酸(FA)、腐殖酸(HA...     

不同高级氧化法对水中低浓度药物甲硝唑降解过程的比较

采用UV、H₂O₂、UV/H₂O₂、Fenton、UV/Fenton和UV/TiO₂方法,对水中低浓度的药物甲硝唑进行降解。通过HPLC和UV-Vis光谱得到的甲硝唑去除率。详细讨论了Fe²⁺、TiO₂和H₂O₂的初始浓度以及溶液的初始pH值对降解效率的影响。结果表明,UV/Fenton和UV/TiO₂ 2种系统对水中低浓度甲硝唑均有很好的去除效果,但前者的光催化效率更高。在甲硝唑浓度=6 μmol/L,H₂O₂和Fe²⁺的初始浓度分别为0.5 mg/L和2.94 μmol/L,pH=4的条件下,UV/Fenton方法对甲硝唑水溶液光催化的最佳效率为95.8%。     

用于去除水中Cr6＋的纳米磁铁矿-硅藻土复合物的制备方法

该发明涉及一种用于去除水中Cr6＋的纳米磁铁矿-硅藻土复合物的制备方法。具体为：在室温按比例混合同等浓度的0．02～0．50mol／L的铁盐-亚铁盐水溶液;加入硅藻土粉末,搅拌均匀;加热,搅拌下缓慢滴加氢氧化铵溶液,使悬浊液pH达8～9后停止滴加;固液分离和漂洗;抽真空、研磨粉碎。利用该发明产品处理废水中的Cr6＋具有成本低廉、高效、操作简便、易于回收等优势,