基于工业以太网的烟粉尘在线监测系统的研究

为实现工厂矿山的烟粉尘浓度的实时在线监测,提出了在废气排放监测装置中引入工业以太网技术。以嵌入式S3C2410芯片为核心,扩展相应的外围电路,实现对废气中烟粉尘浓度等参数监测功能,集显示、信息处理、监测和通讯等功能于一体。文章给出了烟粉尘浓度的采样原理和系统的软硬件设计方案,详细给出了以太网控制芯片CS8900A与ARM硬件接口方法与软件实现方案。     

2009第二十三届中国国际塑料橡胶工业展览会

随着塑料橡胶工业的发展,高新技术与传统产业的融合,橡塑材料的应用已经与人类生活密不可分,其覆盖领域包括汽车、通讯设备、建材、电子电器、包装、体育用品、医疗设备以至航天设备等各行各业。     

中国特种设备检测研究院沈阳新技术研发中心成立

为了提高沈阳特种设备检验检测研究的综合能力水平,更好地为振兴东北老工业基地服务,为东北亚经济区服务,依托中国特检院品牌、人才、管理、信息和科研等方面的优势,结合沈阳特检院的区域优势和业务、人才、实验室等特点,经近两年的努力,11月23日,中国特种设备检测研究院沈阳新技术研究开发中心在沈阳成立。     

Profile of Methane Concentrations in Soil and Atmosphere in Alpine Steppe Ecosystem on Tibetan Plateau

The methane concentration profile from -1.5m depth in soil to 32m height in air was measured in alpine steppe located in the permafrost area. Methane concentrations showed widely variations both in air and in soil during the study period. The mean concentrations in atmosphere were all higher than those in soil, and the highest methane concentration was found in air at the height of 16m with the lowest concentration occurring at the depth of 1.5m in soil. The variations of atmospheric methane concentrations did not show any clear pattern both temporally and spatially, although they exhibited a more steadystable state than those in soil. During the seasonal variations, the methane concentrations at different depths in soil were significantly correlated （R^2〉0.6） with each other comparing to the weak correlations （R^2〈0.2） between the atmospheric concentra- tions at different heights. Mean methane concentrations in soil significantly decreased with depth. This was the compositive influence of the decreasing production rates and the increasing methane oxidation rates, which was caused by the descent soil moisture with depth. Although the methane concentrations at all depths varied widely during the growing season, they showed very distinct temporal variations in the non-growing season. It was indicated from the literatures that methane oxidation rates were positively correlated with soil temperature. The higher methane concentrations in soil during the winter were determined by the lower methane oxidation rates with decreasing soil temperatures, whereas methane production rates had no reaction to the lower temperature. Relations between methane contribution and other environmental factors were not discussed in this paper for lacking of data, which impulse us to carry out further and more detailed studies in this unique area.     

环境规制对技术效率和生产力损失的影响分析

以中国工业为研究对象,以经济发展程度不同所分的东部、中部和西部地区兰个地区作为研究区域,采用非参数数据包络法(DEA)中的径自效率测量方法(radial efficiency measure)为主要研究方法,分析了在1998-2005年期间环境规制对中国工业的技术效率和生产力损失的影响.研究结果表明,在指定的研究期间,环境规制使得中国工业技术效率提高,但是对于生产力的发展却产生了负面的影响.三个地区之间受环境规制影响的差异较大,其中东部为环境规制所付出的成本最大,即东部为环境污染所付出的环境成本最高,这也是为何从九十年代开始,污染物从东部往中西部转移的原因;从受污染物影响的角度来看,因控制废水而引起的生产力损失大于因控制SO2而引起的生产力损失,即对于中国工业,废水的环境成本大于SO2的环境成本.另外,从研究结果中也可知,在中国现有的生产方式下,实施严格的环境规制有一定难度,所以改变旧的生产方式,实施可持续发展的生产方式是当务之急.     

Technological Progress, Structural Change and China＇s Energy Efficiency

China has witnessed rapid economic development since 1978, and during the time, energy production and consumption developed at a tremendous speed as well. Energy efficiency which can be measured by energy consumption per unit of GDP, however, experienced continuous decrease. Theoretically, the change of energy efficiency can be attributed to industry structural change and technological change. In order to explain the transformation of Chinese energy efficiency, we adopt logarithmic mean Divisia index techniques to decompose changes in energy intensity in the period of 1994-2005. We find that technological change is the dominant contributor in the decline of energy intensity, but the contribution has declined since 2001. The change in industry structure has decreased the energy intensity before 1998, but raised the intensity after 1998. Decomposed technological effects for all sectors indicate that technological progresses in high energy consuming industries such as raw chemical materials and chemical products, smelting and pressing of ferrous metals, manufacture of non-metallic mineral products and household contribute are the principal drivers of China＇s declining energy intensity.     

Research on the Industrial Symbiosis Supporting System of Eco-industrial Park

The establishment and development of the industrial symbiosis of eco-industrial park are affected by several factors. Based on the formed industrial symbiosis supporting system chart, this article analyzes the microcosmic supporting system and macroscopic supporting system. In the microcosmic supporting system, it elaborates five aspects including key enterprises, service intermediaries in the park, symbiotic enterprises, competitors and the public in detail. Then it describes the macroscopic supporting system from four aspects of governmental participation, technological innovation, educational promotion and cultural support. Finally, combining with the current construction status of the ecoindustrial park in China, it proposes the countermeasures and suggestions to build the supporting system for the eco-industrial park and provides theoretical support for the faster and better construction of the eco-industrial park in China.     

湖泊生态安全评估项目简介

由于湖泊流域社会经济快速发展,而污染治理设施滞后,氮,磷等污染负荷削减不力,致使我国众多湖泊水库长期接纳过量营养盐,湖泊水库富营养化程度普遍较高,湖泊水库水体处于“水华”频发的高生态风险状态之下,我国大中型湖泊水库的富营养化不仅导致水生生态系统及其服务多功能的退化,其引起的频率水华暴发现状已直接影响到湖泊水库周边及下游城镇,     

从生态文明的基本理念看中国传统文化的现代价值

生态文明是一种正在生成和发展的文明范式。它是继工业文明之后,人类文明发展的又一个高级阶段。生态文明的基本理念是人与自然的和谐发展。生态文明的经济模式是生态经济,这种经济把人类的经济系统视为生态系统的一部分,而不是强行把生态系统纳入人类的经济系统。生态文明强调人类整体利益的优先性,倡导全球治理和世界公民理念。突显自然的整体性及其内在价值的有机自然观是生态文明的重要价值理念。生态文明的价值观既关注人的权利（特别是普遍人权）,更强调关怀与责任,倡导和谐与理性消费。     

要闻扫描

海洋冰层融化威胁海洋生物生存 科学家近期发现：全球变暖导致北冰洋海洋冰层融化,稀释海洋表层海水浓度,从而致一些贝壳类水生动物于危险的境地,这些贝壳类水生动物需要海水中的矿物质来形成他们的壳以及身体骨骼。这一研究发现发表在《科学》杂志上,研究者郑重警告这有可能对北冰洋生态系统带来严重的影响。