欧洲国家战略环境评价研究趋势

阐述了欧洲国家的SEA系统,实施领域,规定、导则和立法以及培训等.分析了欧洲国家研究与实施SEA的经验、挑战和障碍(1)方法、技术和程序;(2)规定、导则和立法;(3)体制、政治支持性与公众参与;(4)信息来源与研究资金;(5)检查监督和质量保证.指出了注重教育培训、建立宣传网络,加强SEA研究,重视信息数据库开发,拓宽SEA试点研究领域4个发展趋势.     

基于生态功能考虑的西北干旱地区生态需水研究

在当前生态需水研究的基础上,选取植被盖度作为衡量绿洲生态功能的主要指标,根据植被盖度和侵蚀率之间的关系,从生态系统的需水机理出发,提出了基于生态功能考虑的西北干旱地区生态需水量计算方法.以额济纳绿洲为例,计算了2000年额济纳绿洲生态需水,并与额济纳绿洲不同时期的生态需水进行了对比分析.     

贵州喀斯特区植被恢复的理论和实践

从生态环境建设,特别是从森林植被营造、恢复重建的角度,提出并分析了贵州喀斯特区环境的4个重要特点,即环境因子的利弊兼客性、生境的多样性和严酷性、水分亏缺的异质性和派生性、环境的脆弱性和改造的艰难性。据此提出了应采取的相应对策。论证了森林植被恢复是喀斯特区生态环境建设的根本。特别强调在扩大森林面积,增加森林总量的同时,要非常注意森林质量的提高,要强化内涵的增长。以贵州省保留的原生性较强的喀斯特森林、残存林片、石山人工造林的成功为例,从生态学理论上进行了论述,阐明了喀斯特区森林生态系统建设的可能性,提出了植被恢复的途径,人工造林和植被自然恢复的关键技术。     

城市植物多样性空间分布特征及其保护

概述城市化对生物多样性的影响,着重分析城市植物多样性空间分布特征,在此基础上提出了城市植物多样性保护的策略.     

干旱与半干旱地区土地生产潜力的测定──以新疆阜康县为例

本文探讨了一个通过土壤有效水分含量来确定土地等级和土地生产力的方法。这个方法采用倍增参量形式来确定土壤有效水分。其变量包括潜水位、土层厚度、土壤质地、坡度和盐分。此项研究证明用这种方法获得的土地初级生产力与实测值比较一致。因此，我们可以在类似环境下用这种方法估测土地生产潜力。     

3S技术在古日格斯台自然保护区研究中的应用

利用"3S"技术对古日格斯台自然保护区植被类型的空间分布进行了分析,绘制了古日格斯台自然保护区植被图,讨论了其生态多样性和脆弱性,以此作为植被监测与管理的依据,进而对古日格斯台自然保护区的植被进行有效的保护.     

试论高校图书馆与素质教育的关系

素质教育大环境对高校图书馆提出了挑战也创造了机遇,如何充分发挥自身在素质教育中的作用是每一个高校图书馆都面临的重大问题。本文阐明了素质教育的涵义,并从三个方面讨论了图书馆在高校素质教育中充分发挥自己的作用应采取的服务举措。     

城市环境管理的信息方法

充分利用信息，对于改善城市环境管理具有特殊的作用。本文根据世界银行的有关资料，简要介绍经常采用的城市环境管理的信息方法，以供有关部门参考。1遥感遥感也就是装载在飞机（或卫星）上的遥感器记录信息的过程，这种技术可用于地表及土地利用制图、城市增长模式分析及自然灾害管理。由于差不多所有的地质、水文及大气现象都是重复事件，会留下先前发生时的痕迹，遥感因而可显示先前发生的位置并据此分析再次发生的可能性，从而确定灾害潜发区并提出预防措施。遥感对灾害监视、灾后评估及及时收集大范围信息特别有效，且成本较低。不过…     

Biogenic VOCs emission inventory development of temperate grassland vegetation in Xilin River basin, Inner Mongolia, China

Given the key role of biogenic volatile organic compounds(VOCs) to tropospheric chemistry and regional air quality, it is important to generate accurateVOCs emission inventories. However, only a less fraction of plant species, in temperate grassland of Inner Mongolia, has been characterized by quantitative measurements. A taxonomic methodology, which assigns VOCs measurements to unmeasured species, is an applicable and inexpensive alternation for extensive VOCs emission survey, although data are needed for additional plant families and genera to further validate the taxonomic approach in grassland vegetation. In this experiment, VOCs emission rates of 178 plant species were measured with a portable photoionization detector( PID). The results showed the most of genera and some families have consistent feature of their VOCs emission, especially for isoprene, and provide the basic premise of taxonomic methodology to develop VOCs emission inventories for temperate grassland. Then, the taxonomic methodology was introduced into assigning emission rate to other 96 species, which no measured emission rates available here. A systematical emission inventory of temperate grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia was provided and further evidence that taxonomy relationship can serve as a useful guide for generalizing the emissions behavior of many, but not all, plant families and genera to grassland vegetation.     

Vegetation patterns and nature reserve construction in an extremely-arid desert in Anxi,NW China's Gansu Province

Anxi County is located in the northwestern part of the Hexi Corridor in gansu Province and has the sole national level nature reserve of extremely-arid desert in China.Phytosociological methods (Braun-Blanquet,1964) are used to classify plant community types in this area.Eleven are disting uished,including six of deserts,four of oases and one transitional type between deserts and oases.Direct gradient analysis (DCA) is employed to correlate the distribution of plant communities to physiogeographic conditions.This study makes clear that water is the most important ecological factor for the distribution of plant species and communities in this area.The effects of water have been demonstrated in different ways.A vegetation gradient from lower altitude to higher altitude in the southern part of the reserve is driven by a precipitation gradient.The effects of the depth of ground water table contribute to the differentiation of vegetation from desert to oasis in the flat area.In a finer scale,the washed gullies have obviously higher species richness and also higher vegetation cover than the surround gobi surfaces,possibly caused by the effects of floods.The vegetation patterns demonstrate that the area of Anxi County is a complete landscape unit.The range of the current nature reserve is not large enough for the purpose of conserving the unique biodiversity in this area.