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271.
施少华 《中国人口.资源与环境》1994,4(2):44-48
本文统计分析了历史时期黄河决溢的变化。并从自然和人为因素两方面探讨其原因和规律。认为在湿润的气候时期黄河决溢频率增高,其原因是本地区高强度的暴雨造成了黄土高原严重的水土流失,从而使黄河中下游大量的泥沙沉积。人类特别是小冰期以来加强了对黄土高原的开发,破坏了原先的植被,从而造成了严重的水土流失,这是小冰期以来黄河决溢次数远远高于其它时期的主要原因。作者还认为在下世纪高温环境到来之际,黄河决溢的危险性大大增加。 相似文献
272.
西北干旱荒漠区生境严酷,物种贫乏,植被稀疏低矮,加上不合理的开发利用,致生境恶化。利用当地有限的水源来实现干旱荒漠区的植被恢复,防止流沙蔓延,可以从以下两方面入手:一方面,以裸地为立地条件,利用当地的关键种(keystone specics)或优势种(dominant species),选择合适的生境,采用人工种子库和幼苗移植等方法,促使已缺失的植物种在目的地重新定居;另一方面,利用灌丛效应选择合适物种加以配合,提高干旱荒漠区的植被盖度。研究表明:以上两种途径对实现干旱荒漠区的植被恢复和重建是可行的。 相似文献
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274.
This study improved the application of the Holdridge life-zone model to simulate the distribution of desert vegetation in China which gives statistics to support eco-recovery and ecosystem reconstruction in desert area. This study classified the desert vegetation into four types: (1) LAD: little arbor desert; (2) SD: shrub desert: (3) HLHSD: half-shrub, little half-shrub desert; (4) LHSCD: little halfshrub cushion desert. Based on the classification of Xinjiang desert vegetation, the classical Holdridge life-zone model was used to simulate Xinjiang desert vegetation's distribution and compare the Kappa coefficient result of the model with table of accuracy represented by Kappa values. The Kappa value of the model was only 0.19, it means the simulation result was poor. To improve the life-zone model application to Xinjiang desert vegetation type, a set of plot standards for terrain factors was developed by using the plot standard as the reclassification criterion to climate sub-regime. Then the desert vegetation in Xinjiang was simulated. The average Kappa value of the second simulation to the respective climate regime was 0.45. The Kappa value of final modeling result was 0.64, which is the better value. The modification of the model made it in more application region. In the end, the model' s ecological relevance to the Xinjiang desert vegetation types was studied. 相似文献
275.
保护环境发展麻黄人工植培 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文介绍了我国麻黄资源逐年减少的现状和麻黄在草原生态环境中的重要作用。人工种植麻黄一方面可为企业提供原料,另一方面可对生态治理发挥重要作用,并可取得良好的经济和社会效益。 相似文献
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277.
Variations of plant life form diversity along the Northeast China Transect and its direct gradient analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Plant life form diversity and its direct gradient analysis on a larger scale climate change gradient were tested, based on the data from Northeast China Transect platform. The results showed that the species numbers, life form richness and life form diversity were relative higher at the eastern forests and the ecotone between typical vegetation, while those on the meadow grasslands and typical steppes were lower.Although plant life forms can reflect the climate variations, life form diversity is not consistent with the major global gradient along the NECT. 相似文献
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279.
The environmental effect of degraded ecosystem‘ s vegetation restoration in low subtropical China was studied. Results indicated that the vegetation recovery on degraded lands slgnificantly ameliorates surrounding environment, increases species diversity, improves soil structure, raises soil fertility, enhances productivity, and promotes regional agricultural production and social economic development dramatically. Through the combining engineering and biological measures, the restoration of degraded ecosystem in low subtropical area is possible and economical. The restoration experience in Xiaoliang, Wnhua and other sites are valuable for other degraded subtropical area was introduced. 相似文献
280.