如何减少灭火中的伤亡

<正>新年伊始,哈尔滨的一场大火使5名消防员牺牲。如何减少消防员在救援中的伤亡,再次引起社会热议。北京市消防局原副局长李进对此谈了他的见解。人物链接:李进,北京市消防局原副局长,从事消防工作38年,现担任中国灾害防御协会科普专业委员会委员、北京市政府重大工程建设办公室顾问、北京减灾协会副会长等职务。2008年,担任北京奥运会消防执行总指挥;2014年,因在中法消防交流中贡献突出,被法国总统授予法国国家功绩荣誉"骑士勋章"。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定水环境中的铍含量分析

本文阐述了使用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定江水中铍含量的方法与步骤。选用原子吸收分光光度计和铍元素空心阴极灯进行样品测定,试验结果显示,该方法的检出限为0.00223μg/L,回收率为95%~98%之间,线性范围分别为0~2μg/L,是一种简单、快速、准确测定水质中铍含量的较好的检测方法。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中痕量铋

建立了微波消解土壤、石墨炉原子吸收法测定土壤中痕量铋的方法。采用磷酸二氢铵作为基体改进剂,热解涂层石墨管,塞曼扣背景。此方法对测定土壤中铋的灵敏度、准确度都有很大的提高。方法的最低检出浓度为0.02μg/g,加标回收率为94.5%~103.8%,能够满足环境监测分析的要求。     

城市污水处理厂生物泡沫的案例分析及控制研究

通过对天津市两座污水处理厂生物泡沫的情况进行分析发现,丝状菌是形成生物泡沫的直接原因,而进水水质冲击、水温、泥龄、气水比是诱发丝状菌快速增殖的主要因素。控制措施有喷洒水等物理方法和投加药剂等化学方法,但实践证明合理调整工艺运行方式是预防和控制生物泡沫的根本手段,例如降低污泥龄、提高生物池的有机负荷率、降低曝气的空气量等方法。     

Graphene-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron：Removal of phosphorus from aqueous solution and mechanistic study

Excess phosphorus from non-point pollution sources is one of the key factors causing eutrophication in many lakes in China,so finding a cost-effective method to remove phosphorus from non-point pollution sources is very important for the health of the aqueous environment. Graphene was selected to support nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)for phosphorus removal from synthetic rainwater runoff in this article. Compared with nZVI supported on other porous materials,graphene-supported nZVI(G-nZVI) could remove phosphorus more efficiently. The amount of nZVI in G-nZVI was an important factor in the removal of phosphorus by G-nZVI,and G-nZVI with 20 wt.% nZVI(20% G-nZVI)could remove phosphorus most efficiently. The nZVI was very stable and could disperse very well on graphene,as characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy were used to elucidate the reaction process,and the results indicated that Fe-O-P was formed after phosphorus was adsorbed by G-nZVI. The results obtained from X-ray diffraction(XRD) indicated that the reaction product between nZVI supported on graphene and phosphorus was Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O(Vivianite). It was confirmed that the specific reaction mechanism for the removal of phosphorus with nZVI or G-nZVI was mainly due to chemical reaction between nZVI and phosphorus.     

固定顶储罐泡沫灭火系统的消防设计和计算

在各类大、中、小型的化工项目中,通常都采用储罐的形式来储存各类化学原料或化学产品.可燃液体包括汽油、煤油、柴油、苯类、醇类、酮类和酯类等.     

淮北朱仙庄矿运用三相泡沫防灭火取得成功

淮北矿业集团朱仙庄矿探索性地运用三相泡沫新技术，预防和控制煤层自燃发火取得成功，日前，该项成果获得集团公司技术创新二等奖。     

泡沫灭火剂在我国石化行业中的应用

石化行业易发生可燃液体火灾即B类火灾，燃烧物主要是石油产品，使用普通的水无法有效地灭火，需要使用能有效扑灭油类火的泡沫灭火剂。     

泡沫法除尘与其它湿法除尘的比较

大连第二发电厂应用泡沫除尘器,已有二十余年历史,经过不断探索、改进、取得了一定的经验。泡沫除尘器除尘效率高,钢耗少,结构简单布置紧凑。对其存在的水耗较大,排烟温度低,烟气带水量较大等问题,目前已采取了一些措施,并有待于进一步改进。