污泥热值的估算

选择了６０９种包括糖、氨基酸、脂肪酸、肽、有机磷，硫化合物的有机物，其燃烧的平均值分别为２３．０２ＭＪ／ＫＧ（碳水化合物）和２４．３８ＭＪ／ｋｇ（其它含Ｎ，Ｐ和Ｓ的化合物）。根据生物化学原理，计算出污泥中有机物的燃烧热（高位热值）为２３．２２ＭＪ／ｋｇ。对几种高有机物含量的污泥进行了热值测定，结果表明，污泥中的有机物干重燃烧热为２３．８６ＭＪ／ｋｇ，与估算值较接近。     

法采用甲烷化处理城市垃圾

过去1 0年,法国在生活垃圾的处理方面主要采用的是填埋或是焚烧的办法。通过焚烧垃圾可产生热能或发电,然而这样做会排出温室气体污染空气,而填埋方式可能会污染附近士地。法国目前正尝试用甲烷化处理法对付有机垃圾,以使之对环境和经济来说都有益处。位于法国蒙伯利埃的瓦拉格国际工程公司开发了一种对生活垃圾进行甲烷化处理的工艺,只需3个星期,便可以将垃圾变成堆肥和沼气。该公司的商务经理贝尔特朗·伊莱尔强调说:“我们的甲烷化处理工艺特点在于能使有机物质与空气隔离,在厌氧环境中加速降解。”他说,首先,甲烷化处理需要有个内壁用水…     

膜生物反应器在废水处理中的应用

综述了膜生物反应器(MBR)国内外研究进展及应用现状,介绍了该技术的分类和特点,并对其应用前景进行了展望.     

Effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on the biochemical characteristics of municipal refuse in landfill bioreactors

Activity development of key groups of enzymes involved in municipal refuse decomposition was measured in laboratory landfill bioreactors with and without leachate recycling and inoculation for about 210 days.The results showed that the enzymes(amylase,protease,cellulase,lipase and pectinase)were present in fresh refuse but at low values and positively affected by leachate recycling and refuse inoculation.The total average of cellulase activity in digesters D3 operated with leachate recycling but no inoculation,D4 and D5 operated with leachate recyling and inoculation was much higher than that in digesters D1 and D2 without leachate recycling and inoculation by 88%-127%,117%-162%and 64%-98%.The total average of protease activity was higher in digester D4 than that in digesters D1,D2,D3and D5 by 63%,39%,24%and 24%,respectively,and the positive effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on protease activity of landfilled refuse mainly was at the first two months.The total average of amylase activity was higher in digesters D3,D4 and D5 than that in digesters D1 and D2 by 83%-132%,96%-148%and 81%-129%.During the early phase of incubation,the stimulatory effect of inoculation on lipase activity was measured,but refuse moisture was the main factor affecting lipase activity of landfilled refuse.The inoculation,initial and continuous inoculation of microorganisms existing in leachate,was the mainly stimulatory factor affecting pectinase activity of landfilled refuse.     

城市污水污泥在森林与园林绿地的利用及展望

该文论述了城市污水污泥在森林与园林绿地的利用进展及其应注意的事项，并对今后我国开展污泥土地利用的前景进行了展望。     

流化床电偶反应器

探讨了流化床电偶反应器的工作原理 ,阐述了流化床电偶反应器的结构特点及工艺性能 ,重点介绍了该反应器对多种有机废水和重金属离子废水净化的作用。     

膜生物反应器处理生活污水无泡供氧的研究

用疏水性微孔膜制成的供氧器，向水溶液或发酵液供氧时，无气泡产生，这种无泡式供氧方式突破了传统的泡式供氧模式，具有传氧效率高，无泡沫产生和动力消耗低等优点。在膜生物反应器中用无泡式供氧进行生活污水处理试验研究。结果表明，COD，BOD5、NH3－N、浊度去除率分别达95％、94％和99％，对SS和大肠杆菌去除率达100％。     

厌氧酸化-二级PSB流化床工艺处理高浓度有机废水

采用厌氧酸化+二级光合细菌(PSB)流化床的组合工艺对植物压榨发酵废水进行降解实验,一级流化床(PSB1)中填料为轻质多孔炭渣,二级流化床(PSB2)为活性炭,扰动方式分别采用机械流化和机械气动组合流化,稳定运行40d。结果表明,进水酸化12h后CODCr由80000~120000mg/L降至63000~95000mg/L,进而由系统出水回流稀释至8000~12000mg/L,进入二级流化床反应器,PSB1白天厌氧光照、夜间微好氧,PSB2白天微好氧、夜间好氧,停留48h,CODCr降至295.8~384mg/L,稳定实现96.2%以上的CODCr去除率,TN去除率为71.3%。