巢湖水华遥感监测与年度统计分析研究

介绍了巢湖蓝藻水华的日常遥感监测方法与流程,开展了基于日常监测的年度统计分析,为水华环境管理提供了科学依据。首先分析了蓝藻水华与正常水体的光谱差异,利用蓝藻水华在近红外波段的"陡坡效应",基于NDVI方法开展水华日常遥感监测。基于日常监测开展水华年度统计分析,获得水华最早发生日期、最晚发生日期、最大发生面积等,并以水华发生频率、水华起始日期和水华持续时间来分析巢湖一年内高发区、发展趋势及持续时间等时空分布规律。研究表明,2010年巢湖水华的高发区域在巢湖西北部水域,水华持续天数最长的区域是巢湖西北和中部部分区域,水华先在西部沿岸聚集,随时间推移向东部和中部扩散,巢湖西南、中部和东南沿岸是最后新增的水华区域。     

应用荧光定量PCR技术监测玄武湖蓝藻水华

应用荧光定量PCR技术和显微计数法对玄武湖蓝藻水华进行了长期监测,结果表明,荧光定量PCR法可同步监测蓝藻、微囊藻和有毒微囊藻的数量,及时准确反映玄武湖蓝藻水华优势种群微囊藻和有毒微囊藻的动态变化。与显微计数法相比,具有需要的样品量少、时效性强、检出下限较低、自动化程度高等优势,可有效地应用于蓝藻水华的监测。     

巢湖蓝藻水华遥感监测初探

以巢湖为研究区,从2008年4月到11月,对巢湖水体的24个点位进行了连续的水体光谱测量,通过对蓝藻水华爆发程度与其光谱反射率之间关系的研究,确定遥感识别水华爆发级别的阈值,对四类不同爆发程度蓝藻水华光谱特征进行遥感识别,绘制巢湖蓝藻水华特征等级图。     

Variation of phytoplankton community before an induced cyanobacterial （Arthrospira platensis ） bloom

A cyanobacterial (Arthrospira platensis) bloom was induced in situ by nutrient manipulation in an enclosure. The succession of the phytoplankton community and the water chemistry variations before the appearance of bloom, as well as their relationship, were investigated. The cell pigment variations were studied simultaneously. The Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between water chemistry and green algal or cyanobacterial composition, indicating that water chemistry variations were not suitable to be used as indicators for cyanobacterial-bloom early-warning. However, the diversity index of the phytoplankton community decreased sharply before the bloom appeared. Therefore, the dynamics of phytoplankton community was put forward to be an indicator for cyanobacterial-bloom early-warning. In addition, the cell pigment variations represented the changes of community structure, which should be useful for studying the dynamics of phytoplankton community.     

微囊藻栅藻资源竞争的动力学过程Ⅰ.光能和磷营养的半饱和参数及其生长率动态

以Ｔｉｌｍａｎ提出的“资源竞争机制学说”为依据，在单因子（光、磷）限制条件下，测定并计算铜绿微囊藻（Ｍｉｃｒｏｃｙｓｔｉｓ ａｅｒｕｇｉｎｏｓａ）和斜生栅藻（Ｓｃｅｎｅｄｅｓｍｕｓ ｏｂｌｉｑｕｕｓ）的半饱和常数，以双因子交互作用模型预测它们的生长动态。结果表明；在光强为１０．０～１７．１ｕＥ的磷浓度为３．１０～２０．０ｕｍｏｌ的范围内，微囊藻的生长率大于栅藻的生长率，说明磷的增加是微囊藻成为水华     

灭藻剂研究之JS灭藻剂

湖泊爆发蓝藻水华,制约了沿湖经济发展。通过大量研制、试验,研制出JS灭藻剂,试验证明蓝藻水华喷洒JS灭藻剂溶液后,迅速解体下沉,不再上浮至水面,水体清澈,臭味和微囊藻毒素得到较好消除,同时水中原有动植物未见明显影响。     

基于天地协同的巢湖水华分布特征分析

基于MODIS影像监测2016年巢湖蓝藻水华分布,结果表明：水华的频次,持续时间从西北部水域向东南部水域逐渐减弱;西半湖湖心水华开始日期最早（5月19日）,持续时间最长为131d,塘西水华发生频次较多（10次）.进一步将水华遥感监测结果与同步水面实测水质参数数据（藻密度,叶绿素a,总氮,总磷）进行相关性分析,利用Q型聚类分析将水面实测采样点分为东区和西区两部分.西区藻密度,叶绿素a,总氮,总磷和水华面积相关性较强（R²均大于0.6）.     

蓝藻水华研究进展及预防控方法初探

介绍了浅水湖泊蓝藻水华发生机制以及近年来水华预测预报模型研究进展,指出在预测预报模型的支持下进行水华的预防控是当前治理水华危害的最有效途径;结合现有的应急治理水华原理提出新型预防控水华设想,为杜绝水华灾害提供新思路。     

生物法治理蓝藻水华研究进展

水体富营养化会引起蓝藻水华暴发,严重影响水生态系统健康,威胁饮用水安全,水体富营养化和蓝藻水华治理是当前我国湖库治理的难点.蓝藻水华治理技术主要聚焦于物理法、化学法和生物法3个方面.近年来,生物法因其兼具经济友好和环境友好的双重特点,逐渐受到国内外学者的关注.综述了目前生物控藻的3种主要方法(微生物法、植物法和动物法)...     

Extraction and characterization of bound extracellular polymeric substances from cultured pure cyanobacterium (Microcystis wesenbergii)

Preliminary characterization of bound extracellular polymeric substances（bEPS） of cyanobacteria is crucial to obtain a better understanding of the formation mechanism of cyanobacterial bloom. However,the characterization of bEPS can be affected by extraction methods. Five sets（including the control） of bEPS from Microcystis extracted by different methods were characterized using three-dimensional excitation and emission matrix（3DEEM） fluorescence spectroscopy combined chemical spectrophotometry; and the characterization results of bEPS samples were further compared. The agents used for extraction were NaOH,pure water and phosphate buffered saline（PBS） containing cationic exchange resins,and hot water. Extraction methods affected the fluorescence signals and intensities in the bEPS. Five fluorescence peaks were observed in the excitation and emission matrix fluorescence spectra of bEPS samples. Two peaks（peaks T1 and T2） present in all extractions were identified as protein-like fluorophores,two（peaks A and C） as humic-like fluorophores,and one（peak E） as a fulvic-like substance.Among these substances,the humic-like and fulvic-like fluorescences were only seen in the bEPS extracted with hot water. Also,NaOH solution extraction could result in strong fluorescence intensities compared to the other extraction methods. It was suggested that NaOH at pH 10.0 was the most appropriate method to extract bEPS from Microcystis. In addition,dialysis could affect the yields and characteristics of extracted bEPS during the determination process. These results will help us to explore the issues of cyanobacterial blooms.