改进的稳健统计技术在排水检测人员技能评价中的应用

目前排水检测行业中仍缺乏对技术人员进行技能评价的方法,或虽有评价方法,但方法存在不尽规范、合理等问题。稳健统计技术作为能力验证试验中广泛使用的结果评价方法,可消除异常数据的影响,使评价结果准确可靠。将稳健统计技术改进,作为技能评价要素中的一个分量,按照操作的准确性、规范性与熟练性三个方面评价排水检测人员检测数据结果,可以较科学、合理地反映检测人员的技能水平,为提高检测工作质量和实验室管理起到一定的借鉴作用。     

基于三维GIS的油罐区应急管理平台研究与实现

分析油罐区危险特性和事故模式,将三维GIS系统、日常管理、监控预警、应急指挥与辅助决策等功能进行集成,建立基于三维GIS的油罐区一体化应急管理平台。该平台利用数据融合技术,将液位、可燃气体、温度等多参数进行了融合,提高了报警可靠性。同时构建了DEA-BP应急资源配置模型,结合罐区事故类型,实现了罐区重大事故应急资源的优化配置。平台还提供数字化预案和三维应急演练,为油罐区员工提高应急安全技能提供了培训环境。     

石化行业应用PDCA与6S结合的安全管理模式探讨——以催化裂解工艺为例

随着科学技术的不断进步和新材料、新工艺的不断应用,石化企业危险化学品的种类和数量逐渐增多,危险源和安全隐患日益突出,石化企业的发展迎来了安全生产的全新挑战。论述了PDCA循环管理和6s管理的概念、含义及实施步骤,分析了催化裂解阶段包括原料产品、反应装置等方面的危险性,提出将PDCA循环与6S管理相结合的管理模式应用到石化企业催化裂解阶段的具体内容和注意事项,应用PDCA与6S相结合的管理,有助于进一步创新石化企业安全管理模式,提高企业的安全管理水平。     

全耦合活性污泥模型(FCASM3)Ⅱ:模型校验

以采用AAO污水处理工艺的德清县狮山污水处理厂作为全耦合活性污泥模型(FCASM3)校验的现场试验基地,分别进行了常规水质指标测定和进水水质特征分析等试验研究,依据现场试验结果,完成了对活性污泥系统生物去除营养物质细观机理模型FCASM3的校验工作,动态校验结果表明,FCASM3模型可以对AAO连续流工艺系统实现较准确的细观模拟,营养物质生物去除过程的动态数值模拟结果与实测结果相一致.     

将混凝技术应用于大规模污水处理

介绍采用混凝技术大规模处理运河污水时所遇到的一些问题,以及一些生产经验,提出在设施、设备及工艺方面的相应解决办法。强调设备维护、员工技能和管理机制在生产中的重要性,提出科学地进行设备日常维护的方法。通过小试验,提出对东莞运河水污染治理的一点设想,并解释工程中混凝反应需要足够搅拌力度的问题。     

Zn/Fe体系湿法催化氧化高效脱除沼气中H2S的研究

提出了Zn/Fe体系湿法催化氧化脱除沼气中H2S新工艺,阐述了反应机理、实验装置和工艺流程,考察了各单因素操作条件对H2S脱除效率的影响,在此基础上进行的综合条件实验,脱硫效率都维持在99.6%以上,净化后沼气中H2S含量低于国家标准。过程不消耗任何化工原料,不产生二次污染,体系无降解问题。     

平顶山市区煤烟型大气污染现状及治理措施

分析了平顶山市区燃煤造成大气污染的严重现状及其原因,对实施"蓝天工程",提出了治理措施,政策措施,煤炭燃烧前、燃烧过程以及烟气排放三个阶段的除尘脱硫技术措施。     

Advancing indigenous self-determination through endangered species protection: Idaho gray wolf recovery

As part of the right of indigenous cultures to self-determination, several international bodies have recognized and addressed the role of indigenous communities in natural resources management, including the conservation of biodiversity. In the United States, disagreements regarding the application of the federal Endangered Species Act to Native American tribes have hindered the relationship between the federal and tribal governments on endangered species recovery. Our research examines the efforts of one Native American tribe, the Nez Perce, and the United States federal government to collaborate on federal gray wolf recovery in central Idaho. We interviewed members of the Nez Perce Tribe and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to characterize their relationship and explore the context in which the recovery program was implemented. Respondents attributed the success of the biological aspects of wolf recovery to the robustness of the wolf as a species and to close interagency coordination at the operational level. However, differences of opinion existed between the Tribe and Service concerning program funding, policy planning, and the rights and role of the Tribe in wolf management via co-management and cooperative management regimes. Respondents from both governments noted a clear hierarchical relationship at the strategic level, where policy planning and decision-making rested with the federal government. Lessons drawn from this case study can be applied across the international spectrum to improving partnerships, particularly at the strategic level, between indigenous and non-indigenous governance structures for protecting endangered species.     

生物炭对盐碱土壤氨挥发的影响

为探明生物炭对黄河三角洲盐碱土壤氨(NH_3)挥发的影响,通过室内连续培养的方式,先测定改良的通气法对土壤NH_3挥发的回收率,再对比施加肥料颗粒与肥料水溶液对土壤NH_3挥发的影响,最后探究生物炭的种类、添加量及施肥种类对NH_3挥发速率和总量的影响.结果表明,以硫酸铵为氮源进行的NH_3挥发捕集实验,NH_3回收率平均值高达100. 30%.在相同施氮量下,施加尿素水溶液的处理比施加尿素颗粒的处理NH_3挥发减少了60. 29%,施加硫酸铵水溶液的处理比施加硫酸铵颗粒的处理NH_3挥发减少了61. 40%.相较于不添加生物炭只施用硫酸铵水溶液的空白处理,添加0. 5%生物炭且施加生物炭种类为水稻300℃(RB-300)、水稻600℃(RB-600)、棉花300℃(CB-300)和棉花600℃(CB-600)的处理,NH_3挥发总量分别减少了18. 68%、16. 16%、9. 35%和8. 26%,且施肥后2d内NH_3挥发速率最大,占总挥发量的53. 80%～64. 02%.添加生物炭后,NH_3挥发量随生物炭添加量的增加呈现出先降低后增加的趋势.因此,田间施肥前添加少量生物炭并结合水肥一体化管理技术,可以有效地减少NH_3挥发并提高氮肥利用率.     

Re-use of remediated soils for the bioremediation of waste oil sludge

We investigated the possibility of re-using remediated soils for new bioremediation projects by spiking these soils with waste oil sludge in laboratory based microcosms. The level of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) reduction was high (>80%) in naturally attenuated microcosms and was not significantly improved by biostimulation, bioaugmentation and the combined treatment of bioaugmentation and biostimulation by week 12. This indicated that the observed TPH reduction might have been related to the soil's inherent hydrocarbon-degrading potential. Microbial community analysis (16S rDNA and ITS-based Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis fingerprints) confirmed the dominance of hydrocarbon degrading genera such as Alcanivorax and Scedosporium. Cluster and Shannon diversity analysis revealed similar but stable bacterial and fungal communities in naturally attenuated and amended microcosms indicating that rapid reduction in TPH may not always be accompanied by changes in soil microbial communities. This study has therefore shown that soils previously used for bioremediation can have an improved hydrocarbon degrading potential which was successfully re-harnessed for new projects. This ability to re-harness this potential is attractive because it substantially reduces operational costs as no additional bioremediation treatments are needed. It can also extend a landfill's lifespan as soils can be re-used again before landfill disposal.