用模糊贴近度方法评价土壤重金属污染程度

分析了模糊贴近度方法用于土壤环境质量评价的基本步骤,并以贵州省遵义市环境质量评价为实例,探讨了模糊贴近度方法在土壤环境质量评价中的应用。结果表明,基于模糊贴近度的土壤环境质量评价原理直观、客观,计算方法简单,能较完整地反映土壤环境质量污染程度,是一种实用而准确的评价方法。     

亚洲地区环境教育实践的探讨与借鉴

从环境教育的目标和任务，课程，教材，师资培训，公众参与等角度，分析了亚洲各国际环境教育发展的政策，方法，内容等方面的特色和经验，为我国的地区环境教育事业发展提供借鉴。     

生态优先原则在通州新城建设过程中的应用

为了协调类似城市间的发展,促进区域统筹,引导其有序竞争,构建和谐的社会,以通州与南通两城市为例,积极引入生态优先的思想来处理两城市的职能关系、空间关系、环境保护以及其他可持续发展问题,力求扬长避短,节约发展成本,促进有序城市组群空间的形成,实现跨区域协调发展。     

制服CO2排放的新探索

介绍了全球ＣＯ２排放的概况，反映了世界各国对温室效应所致的全球性气温上升极为关注，在这样的背景下，科学家对ＣＯ２排放的收集方法，包括生物吸收和化工利用等方法，做了许多有效的探索和试验，有的已接近工业实验阶段，如挪威石油界的见解，能源界对ＣＯ２排放更为关注，正在对各种矿物发电方式，结合环保意识，进行深入的方案性比较，并提出初步倾向性的意见，如荷兰科研界的见解。     

危险废物管理和治理技术现状与探讨

通过对国内外危险废物管理现状及污染治理技术水平的对比分析，探讨了目前国内存在的问题及适合我国实际的危险废物治理技术发展趋势，并提出我国危险废物控制战略。     

Side biases in humans (Homo sapiens): three ecological studies on hemispheric asymmetries

Hemispheric asymmetries and side biases have been studied in humans mostly in laboratory settings, and evidence obtained in naturalistic settings is scarce. We here report the results of three studies on human ear preference observed during social interactions in noisy environments, i.e., discotheques. In the first study, a spontaneous right-ear preference was observed during linguistic exchange between interacting individuals. This lateral bias was confirmed in a quasi-experimental study in which a confederate experimenter evoked an ear-orienting response in bystanders, under the pretext of approaching them with a whispered request. In the last study, subjects showed a greater proneness to meet an experimenter’s request when it was directly addressed to the right rather than the left ear. Our findings are in agreement both with laboratory studies on hemispheric lateralization for language and approach/avoidance behavior in humans and with animal research. The present work is one of the few studies demonstrating the natural expression of hemispheric asymmetries, showing their effect in everyday human behavior.     

浅谈我国发展低碳经济的途径

从优化能源结构,降低煤炭在国家能源结构中的比例,提高工业能源效率,发展低碳农业,发展低碳交通,加快"城市矿产资源"回收体系建设,推进低碳制度创新、加强法律体系建设,开发碳汇潜力,培育全民低碳意识等9个方面论述了实现低碳经济发展方式的途径。     

鞍山市农药污染状况及防治途径

鞍山市的农药施用量近年来有了较大的增长,农药的大量使用带来了严重问题,污染环境、农产品农药残留超标、农业生态环境恶化。加强病虫害的综合防治,推广使用高效、低毒、低残留的农药和安全合理使用农药,是减少因施用农药带来的污染,恢复农业生态的有效途径。     

丹江口水库对汉江中下游影响的生态学分析

基于黄家港水文站1954～2000年的日径流量资料,以1967年为节点,将47年水文序列划分为节点前的“近自然状态河流”和节点后的“人工干扰状态河流”两种水文情势。采用Richter提出的变动范围法,基于包含32个水文参数的水文改变指标体系,定量评估了黄家港水文站1967年前后水文情势的变化。根据分析,把1967年之前的各个水文参数的第1至第3四分位数间的数值范围设为管理目标。进一步分析了丹江口水库的修建对汉江中下游生态水文的影响。结果表明,1967年以后,丹江口水库的修建对汉江中下游水文情势的影响较为显著：极大地改变了径流的年内分配,使流量过程均化,使极值流量出现日期提前、历时缩短等等。在此基础上,结合汉江中下游河道生态系统的特点,以鱼类为指示生物,初步探讨了上述水文情势的变化对汉江中下游鱼类的生长、繁殖和越冬等带来的影响,并对如何降低不利影响提出了相应的改进措施.     

Copper and cadmium effects on growth and extracellular exudation of the marine toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella: 3D-fluorescence spectroscopy approach

In this study, metal contamination experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of copper and cadmium on the growth of the marine toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella and on the production of dissolved organic matter (Dissolved Organic Carbon: DOC; Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter: FDOM). This species was exposed to increasing concentrations of Cu²⁺ (9.93 × 10⁻¹⁰–1.00 × 10⁻⁷ M) or Cd²⁺ (1.30 × 10⁻⁸–4.38 × 10⁻⁷ M), to simulate polluted environments. The drastic effects were observed at pCu²⁺ = 7.96 (Cu²⁺: 1.08 × 10⁻⁸ M) and pCd²⁺ = 7.28 (Cd²⁺: 5.19 × 10⁻⁸ M), where cyst formation occurred. Lower levels of Cu²⁺ (pCu²⁺ > 9.00) and Cd²⁺ (pCd²⁺ > 7.28) had no effect on growth. However, when levels of Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ were beyond 10⁻⁷ M, the growth was totally inhibited. The DOC released per cell (DOC/Cell) was different depending on the exposure time and the metal contamination, with higher DOC/Cell values in response to Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺, comparatively to the control. Samples were also analyzed by 3D-fluorescence spectroscopy, using the Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) algorithm to characterize the FDOM. The PARAFAC analytical treatment revealed four components (C1, C2, C3 and C4) that could be associated with two contributions: one, related to the biological activity; the other, linked to the decomposition of organic matter. The C1 component combined a tryptophan peak and a characteristic humic substances response, and the C2 component was considered as a tryptophan protein fluorophore. The C3 and C4 components were associated to marine organic matter production.