SELECTED METHODS OF AQUIFER TEST ANALYSIS1

Changes in groundwater levels due to a well discharging at a constant rate are used with various formulas to determine hydraulic properties of aquifers and their confining bed and to detect the presence of aquifer boundaries. These formulas are generally solved by graphical methods.     

Mercury in some chemical fertilizers and the effect of calcium superphosphate on mercury uptake by corn seedlings(Zea mays L.)

Mercury (Hg) contents in ten chemical fertilizers were determined, and the effect of calcium superphosphate (CSP) on the uptake and translocation of Hg in corn seedlings was investigated by pot experiments. CSP was applied at the levels of 0, 66.7, and 133.4 mg P2O5/kg to Hg-treated (2 mg/kg) and untreated soils. CSP had the highest Hg content (5.1 mg/kg), followed by the NPK compound fertilizer 15-5-5 (15% N, 5% P2O5, 5% K2O) (1.2 mg/kg), then by nitrogen fertilizers (except for ammonia sulfate) and potassium fertilizers. Application of CSP did not obviously iuence the biomass of corn roots, but it significantly increased the biomass of corn shoots in Hg-treated soil. Application of CSP at the levels of 66.7 and 133.4 mg P2O5/kg did not obviously iuence the uptake of Hg by corn seedlings on soils without Hg treatment, but it decreased the Hg uptake of corn seedlings significantly on Hg-treated soils. The transfer coefficient of Hg in corn seedlings improved slightly on soils without Hg treatment, but decreased slightly on Hg-treated soils with the application of CSP. These results implied that CSP could ameliorate Hg toxicity to corn seedlings by inhibiting the uptake and the translocation of Hg in plants on Hg-polluted soils.     

含氟取代苯类化合物lgK_(ow)和-lg1/EC_(50)的QSPR研究

采用Gaussian 98程序,在B3LYP/6-311G**和HF/6-311G**2种水平上全优化计算了24个含氟取代苯化合物的分子结构,基于得到的分子结构描述符,分别建立了用于预测含氟取代苯化合物正辛醇/水分配系数(lgKow)和毒性(-lg1/EC5)0的模型,预测lgKow的模型包含3个变量(偶极矩(μ),总能量(TE)和热能修正值(Et)h),预测-lgl/EC50的模型包含2个变量(分子中原子最负的电荷(q-)和零点振动能(ZPE))。用交叉验证法对模型的稳定性进行了验证(q分别为0.8480和0.9154),并用t-检验和变异膨胀因子(VIF)对2个模型中各变量的显著性和自相关性进行了检验。预测-lg1/EC50的模型的预测能力优于溶剂化能参数得出的模型。     

风力发电项目主要环境问题及可能的解决对策

风力发电项目环境影响集中反应在噪声和生态方面,噪声源主要是空气动力噪声、机械噪声及结构噪声。空气动力噪声是主要噪声并呈现明显的低频特征;生态环境影响体现在项目占地带来的地表植被破坏、生物量损失、地表扰动、水土流失等问题,减少项目占地是减缓生态影响的重要措施。     

环境监测结果不确定度评定中灵敏系数的求解

本文介绍了重量法、容量滴定法、工作曲线法、气量法以及仪器直读式等方法,测定环境参数时,对其监测结果进行不确定度评定中,为计算标准不确定度所需的灵敏系数的求算公式.     

Laboratory simulation of SO_2 heterogeneous reactions on hematite surface under different SO_2 concentrations

The variations of sulfate formation and optical coefficients during SO2 heterogeneous reactions on hematite surface under different SO2 concentrations were examined using in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and ion chromatograph (IC). Laboratory experiments revealed that within ambient SO2 of 0.51–18.6 ppmv, sulfate product, producing velocity, absorption and backward scattering coefficients showed an increasing trend with SO2 concentration. Under given SO2 concentra...     

宁海“十里红妆”博物馆拟建场地稳定性评价

采用工程地质测绘等手段首先确定了宁海"十里红妆"博物馆拟建场地所存在的潜在的地质灾害(主要是滑坡);然后对各潜在地质灾害点的工程地质条件进行了重点调查,并运用传递系数法对潜在的地质灾害进行了稳定性计算;最后根据稳定性计算的结果、钻探勘察资料分析和野外调查的实际情况对宁海"十里红妆"博物馆拟建场地进行了稳定性评价。     

水泥行业SO2和NOX排放总量核算方法选取

就水泥企业SO₂和NO_X排放总量核算方法的选取问题,以3家不同类型水泥企业为例,以监测数据法核算结果为依据,对排污系数法和物料衡算法的核算结果进行统计学描述和差异性检验。结果表明:排污系数法能基本反映各类企业SO₂、NO_X实际排放状况;物料衡算法不适合各类企业NO_χ的总量核算;对含熟料生产线的水泥企业,物料衡算法核算得出的SO₂排放量偏小,实际工作中不建议采用;对粉磨站水泥企业,物料衡算法与排污系数法均能反映实际SO₂排放情况,建议以"取大值"原则选取。     

预腐蚀裂纹萌生寿命影响系数模型研究

在腐蚀环境下飞机结构耐久性分析的相对小裂纹范围内,研究了不同指定裂纹尺寸对应的裂纹萌生寿命预腐蚀影响系数模型.对比分析了4种函数形式对(C,t)数据的拟合,结果表明单参数指数函数形式拟合效果最好,不同裂纹尺寸的C-t曲线参数无显著差异.