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731.
针对聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺生产工艺中废气排放量大、尾气吸收得到的盐酸含油量高、难以销售等问题,在分析原因的基础上,对尾气吸收系统进行了技术改进。尾气吸收系统改进后,排放的HCl和Cl2的质量浓度分别由65,42mg/m^3降至为零;产品综合收率由89.5%增加至96.0%;产品成本降低了700元/t。 相似文献
732.
污泥厌氧发酵产氢的影响因素 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11
污水生物处理过程中产生大量剩余污泥, 通常采用厌氧发酵处理并获取甲烷气体. 产氢产酸是污泥厌氧消化过程中的一个中间阶段. 本研究考察了原污泥和经碱处理的污泥在不同初始pH(3.0~12.5)条件下的产氢效果, 以及污泥性质和污泥浓度等对产氢效果的影响. 结果表明, 当初始pH为11.0时污泥发酵的产氢率达到最大值.采用原污泥发酵产氢时, 在初始pH为11.0的条件下发酵产氢获得的最大产氢率为8.1 mL/g, 而经碱处理的污泥在同样初始pH的条件下发酵产氢可将其产氢率提高一倍左右, 达到16.9 mL/g. 污泥经碱处理后厌氧发酵4d无甲烷产生, 且可有效地降低氢气消耗的速率. 另外, 污泥的VSS/SS值过低时会大大降低污泥的产氢率, 而污泥浓度对产氢率无明显影响. 相似文献
733.
734.
Wastewater management in small and medium-sized enterprises representing the chemical and food industries was investigated.
The results showed that wastewater discharged from an ink-production factory was highly contaminated with organic pollutants.
Anaerobic biological treatment followed by chemical coagulation using ferric chloride aided with lime proved to be very effective
and produced an effluent that complied with national regulatory standard for wastewater discharge into public sewage network.
Also, management of wastewater from a confectionery factory representing the food sector was carried out. Aerobic biological
treatment using plastic-packed trickling filter proved to be an effective treatment method. However, application of in-plant
control measures alleviated the requirement for the construction of a wastewater treatment plant. The applied pollution prevention
and cleaner production measures involved good housekeeping, recovery of spent chocolate, modification of floor cleaning and
installation of suction devices for the removal of sugar and starch powders. All improvement measures were documented by cost/benefit
analysis. 相似文献
735.
Stream restoration practices are becoming increasingly common, but biological assessments of these improvements are still
limited. Rock weirs, a type of constructed riffle, were implemented in the upper Cache River in southern Illinois, USA, in
2001 and 2003–2004 to control channel incision and protect high quality riparian wetlands as part of an extensive watershed-level
restoration. Construction of the rock weirs provided an opportunity to examine biological responses to a common in-stream
restoration technique. We compared macroinvertebrate assemblages on previously constructed rock weirs and newly constructed
weirs to those on snags and scoured clay streambed, the two dominant substrates in the unrestored reaches of the river. We
quantitatively sampled macroinvertebrates on these substrates on seven occasions during 2003 and 2004. Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera,
and Trichoptera (EPT) biomass and aquatic insect biomass were significantly higher on rock weirs than the streambed for most
sample periods. Snags supported intermediate EPT and aquatic insect biomass compared to rock weirs and the streambed. Nonmetric
multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordinations for 2003 and 2004 revealed distinct assemblage groups for rock weirs, snags, and
the streambed. Analysis of similarity supported visual interpretation of NMDS plots. All pair-wise substrate comparisons differed
significantly, except recently constructed weirs versus older weirs. Results indicate positive responses by macroinvertebrate
assemblages to in-stream restoration in the Cache River. Moreover, these responses were not evident with more common measures
of total density, biomass, and diversity. 相似文献
736.
畜禽粪便中大量有机污染物污染着人们赖以生存的土壤和水体,粪尿分解产生的大量有害气体污染了大气。本文结合日照市畜牧业生产的实际,对日照市畜牧业生产对环境的污染现状进行了分析,找出了日照市畜牧业生产对环境污染产生的主要原因和存在问题,提出畜牧业生产对环境污染的防治对策。 相似文献
737.
Paper recycling is an environmental important activity that is carried out in all the countries, but during the recycling process a paper waste is produced. Generally these wastes are placed in landfill sites but it is possible to profit it as secondary fuel and raw material in manufacture furnaces.
In this work the combustion of the waste papers with cement and ceramic raw material has been studied with the objective to analyse the interaction of these substances with the emitted pollutants like PAHs and PCDD/Fs.
The results of the study show that the presence of inorganic material produces an increment in the lighter PAH emission but chlorinated compounds are not affected. The PCDD/F emission level found in the combustion of this waste is quite low compared with other wastes subjected to similar conditions. 相似文献
738.
The effect of nitrogen on biomass production, shoot elongation and relative density of the mosses Pleurozium schreberi, Hylocomium splendens and Dicranum polysetum was studied in a chamber experiment. Monocultures were exposed to 10 N levels ranging from 0.02 to 7.35 g N m−2 during a 90-day period. All the growth responses were unimodal, but the species showed differences in the shape parameters of the curves. Hylocomium and Pleurozium achieved optimum biomass production at a lower N level than Dicranum. Pleurozium had the highest biomass production per tissue N concentration. Tolerance to N was the widest in Dicranum, whereas Hylocomium had the narrowest tolerance. Dicranum retained N less efficiently from precipitation than the other two species, which explained its deviating response. All species translocated some N from parent to new shoots. The results emphasize that the individual responses of bryophytes to N should be known when species are used as bioindicators. 相似文献
739.