从HPRT和CD59基因的变化研究石英（MQZ）的诱变效应

通过用３１,６２．５,１２５和２５０μｇ／ｍＬ的ＭＱＺ剂量处理人与中国仓鼠杂交ＡＬ细胞２４ｈ,探讨石英对细胞生长、存活和突变效应。研究发现,细胞对ＭＱＺ微粒的吞噬作用随着处理剂量的增加而增大。吞噬的ＭＱＺ微粒多位于细胞质中。细胞的存活率与处理剂量成正比。基因突变率研究显示,ＭＱＺ的致突变效应并不强,对于ＨＰＲＴ基因位点,其最高处理剂量（ρ＝５００μｇ／ｍＬ）的基因突变率略高于４Ｇｙ的γ射线的突变频     

Community analysis of ammonia and nitrite oxidizers in start-up of aerobic granular sludge reactor

A lab-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was setup and the aerobic granular sludge was successfully incubated by using anaerobic granular sludge as seed sludge. Nitrogen was partially removed by simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) via nitrite with free ammonia (FA) of about 10 mg/L. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method was used to investigate community structure of α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and Nitrospira populations during start-up. The population sizes of bacteria, AOB and Nitrospira were examined using real-time PCR method. The analysis of community structure and Shannon index showed that stable structure of AOB population was obtained at the day 35, while the communities of α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, and Nitrospira became stable after day 45. At stable stage, the average cell densities were 1.1×1012, 2.2×1010 and 1.0×1010 cells/L for bacteria, AOB and Nitrospira, respectively. The relationship between characteristics of nitrifying bacteria community and nitrogenous substrate utilization constant was discussed by calculating Pearson correlation. Certain correlation seemed to exist between population size, biodiversity, and degradation constant. And the influence of population size might be greater than that of biodiversity.     

How Competing Securitized Discourses over Land Appropriation Are Constructed: The Promotion of Solar Energy in the Israeli Desert

Although solar farms are often favorably received by the public due to their contribution to clean energy, they are not conflict-free. In various contexts, this land-intensive technology often competes with other land uses like agriculture, nature reserves, and army training. As a result of this competition, interest groups often seek political leverage in order to prioritize their spatial use. Framing their uses as existential is one possible way to capture the attention of decision-makers. Yet, this securitization process may create a framing contest whereby different actors use similar securitization language to promote different land uses. This study is the first attempt to trace how this framing contest of securitized discourses over land appropriation is constructed. It is based on the Israeli experience of promoting solar energy in the Negev Desert, an area conceived as available to solar development. Through an analysis of protocols of Israeli policy-makers’ meetings between 2002 and 2011, the study documents the ways in which players adopt securitized language concerning various land uses such as energy, food, ecology, and traditional (national) security. The study found that the use of securitized framing varies between uses, forums, actors, and sectors. Yet competition between securities discourses remained uneven as, in the Israeli context, many players find it difficult to challenge the hegemonic role of traditional (national) security.     

汽车气候老化主要环境影响因素分析

随着我国汽车产业的快速发展,人们对汽车品质的要求越来越高,汽车的气候老化问题也越来越受到关注,本文从汽车整车自然暴露试验展开研究,针对汽车气候老化主要环境影响因素——太阳光辐射、温度和湿度进行分析,为真实模拟人工老化试验技术提供基础依据,为选择合适的汽车气候老化试验方法提供技术参考.     

废旧晶硅太阳能电池的回收拆解及进展研究

日益壮大的光伏产业为人类的发展做出了突出的贡献,当前晶硅太阳能电池的研究热点是如何提高产能效率,但报废阶段的回收拆解工作也应当引起足够的重视.目前国内尚无专门的晶硅太阳能电池回收厂,直接丢弃退役的晶硅太阳能电池会引起资源的浪费.在此基础上介绍了晶硅太阳能电池在国内外的研究进展,阐明未来发展趋势.分析老化的原因,以及晶硅太阳能电池产业的回收利用现状,进一步阐述晶硅太阳能电池在拆解方面的研究进展.     

中国经济持续发展水平的能值分析

在对现行可持续发展水平度量方法进行简要评述的基础上,提出了以能值分析(EMA)为理论支撑的区域性可持续发展评价指数。作为案例研究,计算了中国1978～1998年经济系统的可持续发展指数(ESI)。中国经济系统的ESI从高到低的变化历程表明,以经济系统能值流来衡量,中国经济发展的可持续性处于下降态势,表征为前期下降剧烈,目前趋于平缓。具体表现为对资源特别是能源的过度消耗以及对环境的持续强大压力。     

西北地区太阳能资源空间分布特征及资源潜力评估

太阳能资源的开发利用对人类减少化石燃料的消费及温室气体的排放具有极其重要的意义。因此,研究某一区域太阳能资源的时空分布及稳定性对于开发利用太阳能资源至关重要。论文从区域的角度,利用西北5省西安、西宁、兰州等27个辐射站逐日太阳总辐射(1961—2008年)和延安、乌鲁木齐、安康等163个气象站逐日日照时数资料(1958—2008年),用统计分析和规则样条函数插值相结合的方法,采用太阳总辐射和日照时数作为评价指标,分析了西北地区近50 a来太阳能资源的时空变化特征。结果表明:①研究区太阳能资源年际变化和季节变化特征基本一致,中部青海地区日照时数最长和太阳能总辐射最为丰富,属于资源丰富区,陕西南部及西南部地区太阳能资源相对最为贫乏,属于资源缺乏区;②近50 a来,西北地区年总辐射呈明显下降趋势,年均日照时数下降趋势较缓;③163个气象站近10 a各月日照时数大于6 h的天数有45～327 d,大部分站点在200 d以上,其中每年有15个站点大于300 d;④陕西中及南部、乌鲁木齐周边地区太阳能资源最不稳定,太阳能稳定程度指数K值最高,为12.21,而青海北部及青、甘、新三省交界地带资源最为稳定,K值最低,为1.27;⑤太阳能资源的稳定程度与资源潜力大小分布较为一致,即太阳能资源较为稳定的地区,总辐射最高、日照时间最长。     

含硫芳香族化合物降解酶的定域及胞内产物的鉴定

为研究含硫芳香族化合物的生物降解途径 ,采用静息细胞技术提取假单胞杆菌 (Pseudomonas sp.)不同部位的酶 .结果表明 ,对硝基苯砜基乙酸异丁酯降解酶主要定域在细胞膜周及膜内 .被试化合物在膜内酶的作用下 ,发生碳硫键断裂 ,降解产物是对硝基苯磺酸 .在膜周酶的作用下 ,发生碳硫键和酯的烷氧键 2种方式的断裂 ,生成对硝基苯磺酸和对硝基苯砜基乙酸 .     

Isolation and algae-lysing characteristics of the algicidal bacterium B5

Water blooms have become a worldwide environmental problem.Recently,algicidal bacteria have attracted wide attention as possible agents for inhibiting algal water blooms.In this study,one strain of algicidal bacterium B5 was isolated from activated sludge.On the basis of analysis of its physiological characteristics and 16S rDNA gene sequence,it was identified as Bacillusfusiformis.Its algae- lysing characteristics on Microcystis aeruginosa,Chlorella and Scenedesmus were tested.The results showed that:(1)the algicidal bacterium B5 is a Gram-negative bacterium.The 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence homology of strain B5 with 2 strains of B.fusiformis reached 99.86%,so B5 was identified as B.fusiformis;(2)the algal-lysing effects of the algicidal bacterium B5 on M.aeruginosa, Chlorella and Scenedesmus were pronounced.The initial bacterial and algal cell densities strongly influence the removal rates of chlorophyll-α.The greater the initial bacterial cell density,the faster the degradation of chlorophyll-α.The greater the initial algal cell density,the slower the degradation of chlorophyll-α.When the bacterial cell density was 3.6 x l07 cells/ml,nearly 90% of chlorophyll-αwas removed.When the chlorophyll-αconcentration was less than 550μg/L,about 70% was removed;(3)the strain B5 lysed algae by secreting metabolites and these metabolites could bear heat treatment.     

固定化微生物细胞法处理含氰废水的研究

本文探讨了微生物细胞固定化的方法。采用海藻酸钙为载体固定化活性污泥细胞,制成好氧流化床反应器处理含氰废水,进行了若干条件选择,研究了pH对去除CN~-、COD_(cr)的影响,实验取得了较好结果。