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DGT技术一直以固态结合相原位采集和测量水体、土壤或沉积物中有效态重金属,液态结合相的DGT主要应用于现场水体中金属离子的检测.本研究分别采用固态结合相梯度扩散薄膜(chelex100-DGT)装置和改进的液态结合相梯度薄膜扩散(CDM-PAAS-DGT)装置,对广西甘蔗田土壤中有效态Cd进行了测定.结果表明,2种装置提取的土壤有效态Cd含量与甘蔗(根、茎、叶)体内Cd含量都呈极显著正相关,改进的CDM-PAAS-DGT装置对土壤中有效态Cd的提取能力更强;融合土壤pH、阳离子交换量(CEC)、有机质(OM%)和土壤颗粒组成等理化指标影响,运用多元统计分析,提取出2种主成分因子,建立了多元回归模型.液态结合相DGT技术能较好地预测甘蔗田土壤中Cd的生物有效性,拓展了其应用范围. 相似文献
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Macrophytes are usually chosen for phytoremediation tools to remove P in eutrophic aquatic ecosystems, but the lack of test methods hinders the understanding of removal mechanism and application. In this study, we used the novel technologies combined of Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), Planar optode (PO), and Non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT) to explore P dynamics in water-sediment continuum and rhizosphere of Potamogeton crispus over time. Results of the high-resolution in situ measurement showed that labile P(LPDGT) fluxes at the surficial sediment significantly decreased from approximate 120, 140, and 200 pg/ (cm2?sec) via 30 days incubation period to 17, 40, and 56 pg/(cm2?sec) via that of 15 days. Obvious synchronous increase of LPDGT was not detected in overlying water, suggesting the intense assimilation of dissolve reactive P via root over time. PO measurement indicated that O2 concentration around the rhizosphere remarkably increased and radially diffused into deeper sediment until 100% saturation along with the root stretch downwards. NMT detection of roots showed the obvious O2 inflow into root tissue with the uppermost flux of 30 pmol/(cm2?sec) from surroundings via aerenchyma on different treatment conditions. Different from previous reports, gradually saturating O2 concentrations around the rhizosphere was principally driven by O2 penetration through interspace attributing to root stretch downward rather than root O2 leakage. Increased O2 concentrations in deep sediment over time finally induced the oxidization of labile Fe(II) into Fe(III) bound P and local P immobilization. 相似文献
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Chang-Er Chen Yuanyuan Yang Sisi Liu Runmei Wang Cailin Li Jianhui Tang Tao Chen Guang-Guo Ying 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(11):90-97
The passive sampling technique, diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) has attracted increasing interests as an in-situ sampler for organic contaminants including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). However, its effectiveness has been questioned because of the small effective sampling area (3.1 cm2). In this study, we developed a DGT probe for rapid sampling of eight PFAS in waters and applied it to a water-sediment system. It has a much larger sampling area (27 cm2) and as a result lower method quantification limits (0.15 – 0.21 ng/L for one-day deployment and 0.02 – 0.03 ng/L for one-week deployment) and much higher (by > 10 factors) sampling rate (100 mL/day) compared to the standard DGT (piston configuration). The sampler could linearly accumulate PFAS from wastewater, was sensitive enough even for a 24 hr deployment with performance comparable to grab sampling (500 mL). The DGT probe provided homogeneous sampling performance along the large exposure area. The use of the probe to investigate distributions of dissolved PFAS around the sediment-water interface was demonstrated. This work, for the first time, demonstrated that the DGT probe is a promising monitoring tool for trace levels of PFAS and a research tool for studying their distribution, migration, and fate in aquatic environments including the sediment-water interface. 相似文献
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为研究近距离薄煤层群上保护层开采期间邻近层卸压瓦斯对回采工作面瓦斯涌出的影响,进而有效杜绝保护层开采过程中工作面瓦斯积聚或超限等事故,结合煤岩体破碎前“应力-裂隙-渗透率”间关系,建立卸压瓦斯三维渗流模型。采用Flac3D软件,以新维煤矿煤层条件为工程背景,研究保护层开采过程采场渗透率沿纵向分布规律,确立下保护层C3煤层处于三维增渗区、C7与C8号煤层处于水平增渗区。基于此,提出“近场定向钻孔全覆盖抽采与远场穿层钻孔层间卸压抽采结合”的瓦斯治理技术模式,并开展现场试验,结果表明:试验工作面回风瓦斯浓度降低44.4%,绝对瓦斯涌出量降低52.3%,该模式可显著提高卸压瓦斯的治理效果,为类似工况下的保护层开采提出1种新的瓦斯抽采模式,具有一定的指导及借鉴意义。 相似文献