长三角地区低碳城市发展潜力分析

以分析城市低碳发展潜力为目标,确定了低碳潜力分析的指标。在分析了长江三角洲地区16个城市的社会经济特征和能量消耗特征的基础上,采用弹性系数的变化特征作为研究的重要工具,并用聚类方法对长三角地区16个城市的低碳经济发展潜力进行了聚类分析。从潜力特征发现各城市低碳发展过程中存在的问题,并对长三角地区低碳经济发展战略提出了建议。     

法律着力碳交易：机制与对策

碳交易兼具节能减排政策市场化手段和低碳转型政策工具的双重职能。顺应节能减排领域对碳交易市场化的法律需求,发挥法律在碳交易市场创建、交易规则形成、市场规模扩张、交易平台构建、交易形式创新等方面的制度优势,是法律着力碳交易的核心问题。探讨法律在碳交易市场化进程中的作用机制和对策,建立碳交易法律促进的市场创造与扩张机制、程序保障机制、技术支持机制、物质保障机制、碳权保护机制,是当前气候变化立法重大课题。     

排污权交易中COD的分类及交易匹配研究

排污权交易主要以工业废水为主。本课题具体研究各行业的污水的COD的分类,根据我国工业分布状况,分析我国主要的工业类型,研究各类工业废水特点,分析各类废水COD的性质差异,并进行交易可能性的比对,总结出各行业间排污权交易的匹配方案。为今后我国的排污权交易市场的成功建立提供技术上的支持。     

电厂二氧化碳捕集分离技术研究综述

电厂二氧化碳捕集与封存是二氧化碳减排措施研究热点,也是全球二氧化碳减排的重要任务之一,可分为物理吸附/吸收、化学吸收、物理-化学吸收、膜技术及生物技术等。其中物理吸附/吸收、化学吸收为电厂二氧化碳捕集主流技术。开发具有高选择性、高效率吸收剂及捕集技术,提高能源利用效率,合理布置尾部烟气脱碳处理设施是电厂二氧化碳捕集技术面临的挑战。     

排污权交易试点总体工作框架研究

通过调研分析排污权交易试点省市的业务工作,对省级排污权交易管理工作进行研究阐述,从整体的角度提出排污权交易管理工作的目标定位、总体工作框架和数据逻辑,提出排污权交易目前需要解决的重点问题,为排污权交易由试点转向全国推广积累经验.     

我国城市水污染物排放权交易的法律分析

随着我国城市化进程的不断加速,城市水污染问题日益突出,成为2010年"环境状况公众满意度调查"人们关注的焦点问题。作为市场调节水污染问题的手段之一的排污权交易制度,进入水污染领域已成为必然趋势。本文在对我国城市水污染物排放权交易的理论依据、法律关系、现状研究三个方面进行分析的基础上,提出了相应的法律措施和建议,以促进城市水污染物排放权交易的顺利进行。     

排污权交易基准价定价机制探讨

构建科学合理的基准价定价机制是推动排污权交易的基础性工作,本文以政策、管理、技术三个方面作为立足点,探讨了基准价定价机制,构建了工作框架。研究认为现阶段基准价定价采取成本定价法是合适的,并对基准价定价技术难点进行了剖析,提出了建议。     

不同有机碳源对小球藻的生长与产油量的影响

该研究探讨了葡萄糖和乙酸钠两种碳源对小球藻（Chlorella protothecoides）的生长与产油量的影响,并对小球藻在两种碳源混合培养下的生长与产油情况进行了分析.研究结果表明,葡萄糖和乙酸钠的浓度对小球藻的生物量和产油量都有较大的影响,最优的浓度分别为15 g/L和20.5 g/L.相对于以葡萄糖为碳源的小球藻,以乙酸钠为碳源的小球藻的生物量与含油量均较低.在混合培养条件下,葡萄糖最先被小球藻吸收利用.图5,表1,参8.     

Dynamic compartment approach for modelling regimes of carbon cycle functioning in bog ecosystems

Svirezhev's method of dynamic model design by a given “storage-flow” diagram [Svirezhev Y.M., 1997. On some general properties of trophic networks. Ecol. Model. 99, 7–17] is developed and used for investigating dynamic regimes of carbon cycle functioning in a typical boreal transitional bog ecosystem. Ecosystems are often represented by static “storage-flow” diagrams reflecting their structure and matter or energy transfer between components at fixed time moments. Using the data of such diagrams aggregated in ecological field studies one can construct a dynamic model of the ecosystem to predict its future behaviour and to estimate a response to external perturbations—natural and human. Stability of both current equilibrium and possible alternative steady states and more complicated attractors are studied under two types of parameter perturbation: CO₂ atmospheric concentration increase initiated by greenhouse effect, and change in the rate of carbon output from dead organic matter and litter which depends on the water table level and possible peat excavation. Calculation of bifurcation curves gives areas in the parameter space where stable functioning of carbon cycle is provided. Steady states can be interpreted as raised bog, meadow, forest and fen. CO₂ concentration increase leads the current state of transitional bog to loose stability with appearance of oscillatory dynamics and further evolution to the chaotic attractor. The model is rich by chaotic solutions serving as transition regimes between regular steady and periodic attractors. Another chaotic regime is formed from forest equilibrium and exists in the same area of phase space where current equilibrium is stable.     

Mass conservation above slopes in the Regional Atmospheric Modelling System (RAMS)

This paper examines the mass balance in calculations with the Regional Atmospheric Modelling System (RAMS). An error is pointed out that concerns the calculation of the surface fluxes on slopes. This error affects all the prognostic variables in RAMS when sloping terrain is involved. Here we explain how the error can be corrected. To study the impact of the error, we compared simulations with the uncorrected and corrected model. The model contains CO₂ transport, and online mass balance calculations were performed for this tracer. Without correction, effective surface CO₂-fluxes on mountain slopes were found to be enhanced under certain common conditions to several times the parameterized fluxes. Neglecting this error may cause substantial deviations in both forward and inverse model calculations. After the correction a very good closure of the mass balance is obtained. The correction also modifies the meteorological parameters, although the consequences were limited compared to the CO₂-fluxes.