Nutrient concentration variations during Oenanthe javanica growth and decay in the ecological floating bed system

The ecological floating bed system is a natural alternative to technical methods of wastewater treatment and involves complex processes induced by plants or microorganisms in the wastewater. This study aimed to identify nutrient concentration variations during Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC growth and decay in the ecological floating bed system. Results showed that the third-order polynomial equation was suitable to describe pollutant concentration changes, showing that the effect of O. javanica ecological floating bed system on polluted water could be divided into the purification phase and decay phase. During the purification phase, nutrient concentrations rapidly decreased because O. javanica influenced water microbial communities and water physical parameters (i.e., dissolved oxygen, pH, and temperature), and had a direct uptake of nutrients. However, during the decay phase, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the plant tissues decreased, and these lost nutrients ultimately transferred to water and led to water quality deterioration. Results also showed that the uptake and storage of O. javanica in nutrients were temporary and the plant served only as media of the nutrients removed from the water. Under these circumstances, harvesting was an appropriate intervention to improve the treatment efficiency of O. javanica ecological floating bed system.     

Evaluation of the e ectiveness of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands for di erent media

Two media bed (gravel and Filtralite NR) were tested in a mesocosm to evaluate the removal of organic matter (as chemical oxygen demand (COD)), ammonia (NH4-N), nitrite, nitrate and solid matter (as total suspended solids (TSS)) for a synthetic wastewater (acetate-based) and a domestic wastewater. The use of Filtralite allowed average removal rates (6–16.8 g COD/(m2 day), 0.8–1.1 g NH4-N/(m2 day) and 3.1 g TSS/(m2 day)) and removal e ciencies (65%–93%, 57%–85% and 78% for COD, NH4-N and TSS, respectively), higher than that observed in the experiments with gravel. The applied loads of COD, ammonia, nitrate and TSS seem to influence the respective removal rates but only for the treatment of domestic wastewater with higher correlation coe cients for Filtralite. Regardless the type of media bed and the type of wastewater, nitrate was completely removed for nitrogen loading rates up to 1.3 g NO3-N/(m2 day). There was no evidence of the influence of nitrate loads on the removal of organic matter.     

工业废气在循环流化床锅炉中的掺烧应用

介绍了东方化工厂两台循环流化床锅炉掺烧工业废气改造的背景及原则,叙述了火炬气回收及供气系统、燃气燃烧器、PLC控制三个主要系统的布置、选择、设计等情况,论述了锅炉掺烧火炬气后的安全、掺烧比例的确定、掺烧位置的选择等三个需要重点关注的问题,分析了项目实施后所取得的节能效益、环保效益,是同行业回收利用工业废气,实现节能降耗的一种有效方式,具有很好的参考价值和推广意义。     

城市污水处理厂污泥焚烧处理的探讨

介绍了南通市污泥现状,在分析传统污泥处置方法利弊的基础上介绍了循环流化床污泥焚烧技术。对循环流化床锅炉进行技术改造后,将城市污水处理厂污泥进行焚烧处理,经检测锅炉尾气和灰渣中重金属等污染物指标全部合格。     

悬浮填料好氧移动床反应器挂膜启动方式研究

主要针对好氧移动床处理生活污水挂膜启动方式进行了研究。考察了接种污泥对挂膜启动过程的影响,同时对启动过程中微生物相的变化以及出水中主要污染物随时间的变化情况进行了分析。结果表明：在温度为30～35℃,MBBR1和MBBR2均能在16d左右完成挂膜启动,载体上附着微生物生长稳定时生物膜质量浓度分别达1．2g／L和1．4g／L,接种污泥并不能加速挂膜启动过程。试验还显示,挂膜过程中,CODCr和氨氮的去除率并不是同步提高,好氧异养菌的增殖速度较快,硝化菌的增殖速度较慢。     

A/O＋硅藻强化新工艺在中小型城镇污水处理中的应用总结

采用A/O＋硅藻精土强化工艺水处理技术对城市生活污水进行处理,工程运行结果表明,处理后的废水能够稳定达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（18918-2002）一级A标准。与其它生物处理工艺相比,有其独特的优点。该工艺已成功地应用于永城市污水处理中心,并获得2008年国家重点环境保护实用技术示范工程。而生物浮动床（MBBR工艺）＋硅藻精土强化工艺是在此基础上的改进,并已成功地应用于污水处理。     

基于响应面法的流化床生物膜反应器运行条件优化

采用自主设计的流化床生物膜反应器(FBBR)处理城市生活污水,主要研究了不同构型填料、填充率和不同进水C/N比下反应器的启动效能,采用响应面法对稳定运行期的有机负荷、曝气量、水力停留时间进行优化,并分析了不同阶段的微生物群落特征.结果表明,启动期间,填充率为40％时,MFD填料上生物量较多,挂膜时间较短,最大生物量为6...     

生物滤床对净化槽处理生活污水水质的影响

构建了适合于家庭分散式小型多功能一体化生活污水净化槽,通过逐步在净化槽内添加好氧、厌氧生物滤床,测定了各区COD和氨氮的变化,研究了生物滤床对净化槽污水净化效果的影响。实验结果表明:随着净化槽各区生物滤床的加入,抗冲击性能逐步增强,处理效果明显提高,当各区都加入填料且运行稳定时,出水ρ(COD)和ρ(氨氮)的平均值分别为37.8 mg/L和9.64 mg/L,优于国家一级排放标准。     

垂向移动式生态床与生态浮床对低污染水净化效果的比较

采用垂向移动式生态床与生态浮床两种生态处理技术对太湖入湖河流低污染水进行了处理试验.结果表明,垂向移动式生态床对COD、NH3-N、NO3-N、TN和TP的去除率分别为38.6%、59.2%、89.6%、51.5%和78.6%,生态浮床对上述物质的去除率分别为40.7%、47.9%、85.1%、54.2%和62.5%.垂向移动式生态床技术对NH3-N、NO3-N和TP的去除率高于生态浮床技术,但后者对COD和TN的去除效果略优于前者.     

A new regeneration approach to cation resins with aluminum salts: application of desalination by its mixed bed

A novel method for the regeneration of cation exchange resins by aluminum (Al) salts was investigated in order to improve the regeneration efficiency of resins and reduce the dosage of regenerant. The influences of Al³⁺ concentration and the pH of regeneration solution on resin transformation had been studied. The desalination experiments were carried out to evaluate the characteristics of the Al form resins. Experimental results showed that the regeneration rate of resins was strictly dependent on Al3+ concentration and the pH of the solution. Compared to the conventional regeneration method, the Al form mixed bed exhibited the same desalination capability as the H form mixed bed (MB), and the total organic carbon (TOC) removal was up to 90%, clearly higher than that of the H form. Al salt solution could be utilized repeatedly to regenerate Al form resins.