浅谈油田开发项目事故风险环境影响和防治措施——以大庆太19区油田开发为例

通过对国内外油田开发的类比事故调查及资料分析,结合大庆太19区油田开采的实际情况,事故风险主要来自于钻井(井下作业)天然气集输管线以及站场等工艺环节,危险其安全的潜在危险因素主要有自然灾害、腐蚀环境、误操作、设备缺陷、施工及人为破坏等同题.在油田开发过程中所发生的事故,不论是人为因素引起的还是自然灾害,其最终结果都是导致原油、天然气或含油污水的泄漏及火灾爆炸事故,并产生不同程度的环境风险,因此采取风险防治措施显得尤为重要.     

水环境中的灰色水质风险研究

在灰色系统理论中定义了一个白化度用来描述水质风险，并作了实例研究，将结果与概率风险进行了比较分析。研究表明，用两种方法研究的风险呈现了较一致的变化趋势，因此，用灰色系统理论研究水质风险具有一定的可行性。     

工业控制网络安全风险及防护策略

分析了工业企业工控系统网络面对诸如自身漏洞、工业协议、操作系统、杀毒软件以及管理缺陷等日益增多的安全风险,需要采用分区隔离、边界防护、异常检测、访问控制、限制接入、健全管理等多种技术、管理手段,建立纵深防御体系,提升工业控制系统的网络安全防护水平,以抵御工业控制网络面临的安全风险。     

HAZOP方法在炼化企业供电系统评估中的应用

基于HAZOP的方法对炼化企业电力系统进行分析,可以有效提高炼化企业电气安全平稳运行水平,降低发生大面积停电事故的风险。该分析方法不同于化工企业的HAZOP分析方法,在分析流程细节中,结合电气专业化的特点,形成了一套具有炼化企业供电系统风险评估特色的评价方法,为炼化企业供电系统在规划、设计、运行等阶段提供依据。     

Emergency centers in Israel: A small community organizes to cope with war related crises*

This paper focuses on community-wide emergencies caused by war-related events in Lebanon at the beginning of June 1982. Mobilization for the "Peace for Galilee" campaign began on Friday, 4th June. Overnight, families were disrupted, husbands and sons were in danger, and within 24 hours there were notifications of casualities and deaths. Families in crisis became a widespread phenomenon. In Herzlia, as in many other communities, a new service - the Emergency Center - emerged under the auspices of the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs and the Municipality. The authors describe this process of getting organized, the populations served, how the Center was staffed, the role of citizen volunteers, and the types of interventions used to help vulnerable families as well as soldiers home on leave. Stress is placed on the unique type of short-term co-operation achieved between social workers of the local Department of Social Welfare, the staff of the Department of Community Services (especially its Volunteer Bureau), the local liason officer of the Israel Defence Force, the municipal government, and public-spirited volunteers. Mention is made of conditions which made possible the activation of such a service within hours, of the Center's capacity to serve all segments of the population, and of how it was deactivated within a few weeks when the emergency ended. On the basis of lessons learned from this experience, the paper ends with a number of specific recommendations. The authors hope that such innovative forms of crisis-intervention will become part of the helping technology widely available at the community level in future years.     

车站、机场、码头火灾风险管理定量方法的研究

在对车站、机场、港口等旅客站点火灾风险因数识别的基础上，提出火灾风险定量管理模型，经验和研究证明，该模型十分有效，是火灾风险定量管理的一个有效可行的工具，对火灾风险管理的方法进行了阐述／。     

计算机辅助安全性评价系统

针对安全性评价过程评价周期长，工作量大，手段落后等问题，依据安全检查表法及评价理论，以Microsoft Visual Basic6.0为开发工具，开发了火力发电厂安全性评价计算机辅助系统，在企业局域网中实现，可以减少安全评价过程中大量重复工作，提高效率，其它行业也可以基于此方法，开发相应的计算机辅助评价系统。     

People's Perception About Participatory Developmental Programs: Lessons from the Mountain Risk Engineering Program in the Indian Central Himalaya

The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) is suffering from environmental degradation due to population pressure and infra-structural needs. This is coupled with a natural setting, which creates problems of accelerated soil erosion and mass wasting. In view of these environmental difficulties and the growing concern for effective restoration, there has become an urgent need for multi-disciplinary coordinated improvement schemes. The mitigation of risk arising from hazardous mass wasting processes, through a careful and systematic approach, has helped in the development of the concept of Mountain Risk Engineering (MRE). The MRE practices involve an integrated approach to solving the infra-structural engineering problems of hilly and mountainous areas through environmentally conscious cost-effective and site-specific designs. However, the role of people's participation is extremely crucial for the success of such programs. This paper analyzes the perception of the local people about the approaches adopted in MRE participatory developmental programs and throws light on the intricacies of peoples' participation.     

利用风险投资加快我国环保产业发展

本文论述了利用风险投资加快我国环保产业发展的重要性，并提出相关建议。     

商厦火灾危险性评价研究

商厦火灾是火灾中危害性较大的灾害之一，常常造成人员的大量伤亡和巨大的财产损失。商厦火灾危险性评价是一个减少火灾危险性的可行方法。在基于影响商厦火灾危险性因素之上，讨论了评价指标体系的建立及量化和权重的处理方法，然后应用模糊数学理论建立了评价商厦火灾的模糊评价模型，对商厦火灾的预防与商厦消防管理具有指导意义。