碎石桩处理可液化地基加密效用的理论分析

以弹塑性理论为基础,将沉管碎石桩的成桩过程视为半无限土体中的圆孔扩张问题,推导了碎石桩处理可液化地基的有效影响范围。考虑超孔隙水压力消散的影响,结合超孔隙水压力计算公式,对碎石桩的加密效用进行了理论分析,并给出了碎石桩加密效用的理论计算公式。最后,结合工程实例,验证了所给公式的正确性。碎石桩处理可液化地基加密效用的理论,为工程设计中碎石桩间距离的确定,提供了理论依据;该理论计算的结果,对碎石桩复合地基加固效果的判断、碎石桩地基处理应用范围的确定等有重要参考价值。     

水田开发渗透抑制的“破碎碾压工法”的基本原理及其应用——日本火山灰土壤水田开发实践和中国砂质土壤室内外研究成果简介

介绍日本早在６０年代初期火山灰土壤水田开发实践中由岩手大学的研究者们创造和发展的“破碎碾压工法”的基本原理及其应用，并对最近中国砂质土壤渗透抑制的室内外研究结果进行了简单介绍，目的是为漏水性土壤地区水田开发以及土壤防渗工程措施提供借鉴。     

Strain analysis in Jurassic argillites of the Monte Sirino area (Lagonegro Zone, southern Apennines, Italy) and implications for deformation paths in pelitic rocks

Analysis of strain in Jurassic argillites forming part of the folded and thrusted sedimentary succession of the Lagonegro basin (southern Italian Apennines) has been carried out using ellipsoid-shaped 'reduction' spots as strain markers. Most of the determined finite strain ellipsoids are of oblate type and show a peculiar distribution of the maximum extension direction ( X), with maxima either subparallel or subperpendicular to the local fold axes. Using the strain matrix method, two different deformation histories have been considered to assist the interpretation of the observed finite strain pattern. A first deformation history involved vertical compaction followed by horizontal shortening (occurring by a combination of true tectonic strain and volume loss), whereby all strain is coaxial and there is no change in the intermediate axis of the strain ellipsoid. By this type of deformation sequence, which produces a deformation path where total strain moves from the oblate to the prolate strain field and back to the oblate field, prolate strain ellipsoids can be generated and may be recorded where tectonic deformation has not been large enough to reverse pre-tectonic compaction. This type of deformation history may be of local importance within the study area (i.e. it may characterize some fold hinge regions) and, more generally, is probably of limited occurrence in deformed pelitic rocks. A second deformation sequence considered the superposition of pre-tectonic compaction and tectonic strain consisting of initial layer-parallel shortening followed by layer-parallel shear (related to flexural folding). Also in this instance, volume change during tectonic deformation and tectonic plane strain have been assumed. For geologically reasonable amounts of volume loss due to compaction and of initial layer-parallel shortening, this type of deformation history is capable of producing a deformation path entirely lying within the oblate strain field, but still characterized by a changeover, during deformation, of the maximum extension axis ( X) from a position parallel to the fold axis to one perpendicular to it. This type of deformation sequence may explain the main strain features observed in the study area, where most of the measured finite strain ellipsoids, determined from the limb regions of flexural folds, display an oblate shape, irrespective of the orientation of their maximum extension direction ( X) with respect to the local structural trends. More generally, this type of deformation history provides a mechanism to account for the predominance of oblate strains in deformed pelitic rocks. Key words Finite strain states · Compaction · Tectonic strain · Deformation gradient tensors · Deformation paths     

城市生活垃圾压缩站环境污染研究

通过对垃圾压缩站内生活垃圾进行采样分析、压实试验和环境污染检测，得出了城市生活垃圾压实密度和施加压力的关系曲线，确定了对垃圾压实的合适压力范围为0．1～0．2MPa；垃圾压缩站环境污染严重，垃圾压缩污水量为10-50kg／t，其中BOD5和COD平均分别超标111倍和486倍；环境噪音只有50m以外才能达到居民区环境质量二级标准（60dB（A））的噪音要求；产生的臭气在较低风速下一般扩散25m时污染达到最大，NH3、H2S分别可以达到0．011、0．0046mg／m^3，这个值占容许浓度的55％和46％。