环境侵害赔偿标准的具体化研究

我国环境权理论存在不完善之处，公民环境权利的行使受到很大限制。在探讨环境侵害的基础上，对如何将环境侵害赔偿标准具体化提出了一些意见，以便使公民能真正拥有环境权，司法或行政机关能妥善处理环境纠纷。     

开远市大气污染物排放交易政策的实施

通过开远市能耗、排污及大气环境质量的现状,说明了实施大气排污交易政策的必要性,论述了开远市实施大气排污交易政策的类型、规则、管理办法,并以排污交易的实例说明了大气排污交易政策的做法和效益。      

A Rapid Method to Score Stream Reaches Based on the Overall Performance of Their Main Ecological Functions

A method was developed to score the ecological condition of first- to third-order stream reaches in the Auckland region of New Zealand based on the performance of their key ecological functions. Such a method is required by consultants and resource managers to quantify the reduction in ecological condition of a modified stream reach relative to its unmodified state. This is a fundamental precursor for the determination of fair environmental compensation for achieving no-net-loss in overall stream ecological value. Field testing and subsequent use of the method indicated that it provides a useful measure of ecological condition related to the performance of stream ecological functions. It is relatively simple to apply compared to a full ecological study, is quick to use, and allows identification of the degree of impairment of each of the key ecological functions. The scoring system was designed so that future improvements in the measurement of stream functions can be incorporated into it. Although the methodology was specifically designed for Auckland streams, the principles can be readily adapted to other regions and stream types.     

Characteristics and influence factors of NO2 exchange flux between the atmosphere and P. nigra

Nitrogen dioxide(NO_2)is an important substance in atmospheric photochemical processes and can also be absorbed by plants.N02 fluxes between the atmosphere and P.nigrc seedlings were investigated by a double dynamic chambers method in Beijing from June 15to September 3,2017.The range of N02 exchange fluxes between P.nigra seedlings and the atmosphere was from-14.6 to 0.8 nmol/(m~2.sec)(the positive data represent N02 emissior from trees,while the negative values indicate absorption).Under ambient concentrations the mean NO_2 flux during the fast-growing stage(Jun.15-Aug.4)was-3.0 nmol/(m2·sec)greater than the flux of-1.5 nmol/(m2-sec)during the later growth stage(Aug.8-Sept.3)The daily exchange fluxes of NO_2 obviously fluctuated.The fluxes were largest in the morning and decreased gradually over time.Additionally,the N02 fluxes were larger undei high light intensities than under low light intensities during the whole growth period.The effects of temperature on N02 fluxes were different under two growth periods.The NO_2exchange fluxes were larger in a range of temperatures close to 44℃in the fast-growing stage,whereas there were no evident differences in N02 exchange fluxes under widel differing temperatures in the later growth stage.Under polluted conditions,the uptake ability of N02 was weakened.Additionally,the compensation point of N02 was 5.6 ppb ir the fast-growing stage,whereas it was 1.4 ppb in the later growth stage.The depositior velocities of NO_2 were between 0.3 and 2.4 mm/sec.     

美国<1990年油污法>及船舶油污损害赔偿机制概述

美国没有加入《１９６９年责任公约》和《１９７１年基金公约》，而是通过制定《１９９０年油污法》而建立了国内船舶油污损害赔偿机制。笔者曾于１９９３年前往美国就此问题专门进行了考察。在中国正在研究建立国内船舶油污损害赔偿机制之际，将美国的经验作一总结，希望能有所裨益。     

SO2气体污染水稻的鉴定与赔偿依据的探讨

通过对水稻受ＳＯ２气体污染后症状的确诊，以及污染程度的分析，提出了水稻受损的赔偿依据。     

建立中国船舶油污损害赔偿机制的对策

建立一套有效的船舶油污损害赔偿机制，是提高中国船舶溢油应急能力和减轻污染损害的根本途径。文中论述了建立该机制的必要性和建立中国赔偿机制的对策。     

构建区域补偿机制促进西部生态建设

生态建设是西部大开发的首要任务和成败的关键，然而国家和社会受益者既给西部地区带来了一定的生态损害，也将从西部的生态建设中获取利益。因此，构建国家和社会受益者对西部的生态补偿机制，符合公平性的一般法理，也将会有力地推动西部生态建设的顺利进行。在此基础上，笔者提出了区域生态补偿机制的具体构想。     

测定总磷时的色度浊度补偿

地面水一般带色且浊，采用光度法分析水样中总磷时，会使测定结果偏高。进行色度、浊度补偿后，结果会更趋于准确。     

关于征收生态环境补偿费问题的探讨

上海市浦东新区是国家征收生态环境补偿费的试点之一。探讨完善“生态环境补偿机制”已迫眉睫。文章首先分析征收生态环境补偿费的背景。然后提出了有关的收费政策，最后简要简明了在制定和实施过程中的若于建议。生态环境补偿费是涉及非非常广的新课题，已引起许多国家和组织一重关注，对实行生态环境补偿收费的可行性，建立收费标准体系，形成一套管理办法等，都需要进行研究，探索，完善，同时也需加强宣传，解释，使公众较快地理