四川原煤及其废渣与制品放射性的测试分析

本文介绍了四川原煤及其废渣与制品的γ辐射剂量率、附加γ辐射人均年有效剂量量。同时,用低本底Ge(Li)多道γ能谱仪测定了原煤、矸粉与矸砖,煤渣与煤渣砖、粉煤灰及粘土砖等样品中的天然放射性核素~(238)U,~(232)Th,~(226)Ra,~(40)K的比活度。经比较和研究,找出了这些物质的放射性水平及它们彼此之间的规律。     

The effects of flooding upon buildings in developing countries

The genera] effects of flooding on buildings and structural materials in developing countries are comprehensively reviewed. The aim of the paper is to stimulate further field based research as to how and what type of building improvements can be introduced, given the prevailing economic and cultural constraints of many communities, and to examine the appropriateness of floodproofing measures in developing countries where there are often few floodplain management or large scale flood prevention schemes. Proposals are suggested as to the method and type of information which is required for detailed studies prior to developing new and more effective building designs.     

Minimizing Impacts of Maintenance Dredged Material Disposal in the Coastal Environment: A Habitat Approach

At present, coastal disposal of maintenance dredged material constitutes one of the most important problems in coastal zone management and in some coastal areas represents the major anthropogenic disturbance to the benthos. In this review we first propose, based on the classic literature, that macrofaunal communities typical of environmentally stressed habitats are more resilient than those of more environmentally stable habitats, and we outline the macrofaunal successional changes following a disturbance. Second, from a review and analysis of the published and unpublished literature on macrofaunal recovery following maintenance dredged material deposition in the coastal environment, we compare the successional sequences and recovery rates in euhaline and polyhaline systems. The review reveals that invertebrate recovery following dredged material disposal in relatively unstressed marine environments generally takes between 1 and 4 years, while in more naturally stressed areas, recovery is generally achieved within 9 months, although deeper polyhaline habitats can take up to 2 years to recover. Differences in recovery times are attributed to the number of successional stages required to regain the original community composition and that species typical of naturally unstressed assemblages do not possess life-history traits to allow rapid recolonization of disturbances. In the last section of this review, the management implications of these findings are discussed in terms of minimizing dredged material disposal impacts on fisheries resources. Since the natural disturbance regime appears to be very important in determining the response of a benthic community following dredged material disposal, it is recommended that when predicting the potential environmental impact of an operation, the nature of the physical environment in combination with the status (and role) of associated marine benthic communities should be considered.     

《安全科学技术基础》课程教材编写初探

论述了《安全科学技术基础》课程 ,在安全工程专业知识结构中 ,处于“学科平台”中的“平台”地位 ;笔者指出 ,编写一本适合安全工程本科专业使用的课程教材既有必要性 ,也有可行性 ;提出了“以安全为主线”、从“安全的角度和着眼点”作为该课程编写的原则 ;初步探讨了该课程应涵盖的内容 ,并从 12个方面就“安全科学哲学”、“安全系统科学”和“安全科学学”的内容进行了简要概述。     

铁路危险品货站工人健康监护指标探讨

对铁路危险品货站空气污染状况 ,工人健康体检指标进行了研究 ,针对铁路承运危险品种类多、数量大特点 ,探讨了危险品作业场所空气污染综合监测评价指标 ,作业人员医学检查特异指标。提出空气耗氧量适宜作为危险品货站空气监测评价指标。血清前白蛋白、血清唾液酸、周围神经传导速度、外周血淋巴细胞微核、尿液致突变试验可作为危险品作业人员健康筛检特异检查指标。     

地震灾害紧急救援问题综述

防震减灾包括三大工作体系，即监测预报，震灾预防和紧急救援，本文根据地震灾害的特点和成灾规律，对目前国内外紧急救援工作中的组织机构，人力物力及专业技术等问题进行了综合论述。     

火源和壁面材料对轰燃影响的数值模拟

轰燃是建筑火灾中一类特殊的火灾现象，其引起的危害是巨大的。有很多因素会影响轰燃的产生，在这些因素中，火源类型大小及壁面参数等对轰燃发生时的热烟气温度和热释放速率有重要的影响．本文利用区域模拟方法计算了这些因素的影响情况．计算结果表明，火源对火灾的蔓延影响十分显著；墙壁材料可燃的难易程度会大大改变轰燃发生的时间．     

Electroactive Materials Composed of Starch

Extruded films of plasticized starch were doped with metal halides to produce solid ion-conducting materials. The electrical conductance of the material increased from 10^–11 to 10^–6 Siemens/cm. The type and amount of dopant affects the conductance of the material. Although the materials are moisture sensitive, water content does not have a significant effect on the conductance of doped films. Mechanical properties of doped films indicate that the starch is plasticized and that the ion-conducting material is strong and tractable. Unlike intrinsically conductive polymers, electroactive starch materials can be extruded in thin films or molded into any shape.     

燃煤电厂袋式除尘器滤料的研究

详细介绍了国内外燃煤电厂袋式除尘器所用滤料的试验研究结果，对滤料的发展方向进行了阐述。并认为燃煤电厂采用袋式除尘器的技术是可靠的。     

THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A GIS-BASED CONTAMINANT SOURCE INVENTORY OVER THE SPOKANE AQUIFER,SPOKANE COUNTY WASHINGTON1

ABSTRACT: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) statutes require identification of all potential sources of contamination within a wellhead protection area. All wells over Spokane County's aquifer are included in one wellhead protection zone called the Aquifer Sensitive Area (ASA). A GIS-based Contaminant Source Inventory (CSI) was developed for the ASA. Datasets listing businesses and agencies within the ASA were imported into the GIS from state, county, city, and local agencies. These datasets were selected, joined, and sorted using GIS relational database capabilities into one ASA “business master file.” Map files were projected and transformed into common coordinates. Next, business sites within the master file were spatially related by address to the digital map files. Likely Critical Materials Users (CMU) were identified by sorting on selected standard Industrial Codes (SIC). Additional files of CMUs were imported into the Contaminant Source Inventory. GIS queries were performed to locate specific materials, quantities, and storage facilities, and to analyze CMU activity within selected buffer zones. This project demonstrated the usefulness of GIS technology in the development, management, maintenance, and analysis of vast quantities of data associated with a local wellhead protection pro. gram.