全文获取类型
收费全文 | 135篇 |
免费 | 1篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
废物处理 | 1篇 |
环保管理 | 21篇 |
综合类 | 33篇 |
基础理论 | 21篇 |
污染及防治 | 51篇 |
评价与监测 | 8篇 |
社会与环境 | 5篇 |
灾害及防治 | 2篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 9篇 |
2015年 | 2篇 |
2014年 | 2篇 |
2013年 | 16篇 |
2012年 | 2篇 |
2011年 | 16篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 17篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 11篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有142条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
131.
A theoretical and experimental study of cation exchange in high ionic strength electrolytes was performed using pristine subsurface sediments from the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford site. These sediments are representative of the site contaminated sediments impacted by release of high level waste (HLW) solutions containing 137Cs+ in NaNO3 brine. The binary exchange behavior of Cs+-Na+, Cs+-K+, and Na+-K+ was measured over a range in electrolyte concentration. Vanselow selectivity coefficients (Kv) that were calculated from the experimental data using Pitzer model ion activity corrections for aqueous species showed monotonic increases with increasing electrolyte concentrations. The influence of electrolyte concentration was greater on the exchange of Na+-Cs+ than K+-Cs+, an observation consistent with the differences in ion hydration energy of the exchanging cations. A previously developed two-site ion exchange model [Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 66 (2002) 193] was modified to include solvent (water) activity changes in the exchanger phase through application of the Gibbs-Duhem equation. This water activity-corrected model well described the ionic strength effect on binary Cs+ exchange, and was extended to the ternary exchange system of Cs+-Na+-K+ on the pristine sediment. The model was also used to predict 137Cs+ distribution between sediment and aqueous phase (Kd) beneath a leaked HLW tank in Hanfordd's S-SX tank using the analytical aqueous data from the field and the binary ion exchange coefficients for the pristine sediment. The Kd predictions closely followed the trend in the field data and were improved by consideration of water activity effects that were considerable in certain regions of the vadose zone plume. 相似文献
132.
剖析了京沪高速公路江苏段“3.29”液氯泄漏污染事故产生的原因和对生态环境的危害,提出了防范类似事故再次发生的初步设想。 相似文献
133.
A field experiment was carried out to determine the effect of different land use systems such as continuous grass and agricultural crops rotation on the bioavailability of heavy metals in soils contaminated by former excessive sewage sludge application. The results show that Cd and Zn concentrations increased to 2 and 3.5 folds within 3 cuts of grass, respectively. Even 10 years after the end of excessive sewage sludge application the concentration of Cd in winter and summer wheat is 3.4 and 2.5 folds higher than the control, respectively. Zn concentration increased by two folds for both crops. In conclusion, the uptake depends on plant species and the degree of soil contamination. The availability of heavy metals was not changed with time. 相似文献
134.
David E. Seidemann 《Environmental management》1991,15(1):73-81
Calculations of the annual input of heavy metals to Jamaica Bay, New York, USA, reveal that sewage effluent carries the largest
quantities of Ni, Zn, Cu, and Cd to the bay. Storm sewers and atmospheric fallout are the main sources of Pb. Atmospheric
fallout of Zn, Cu, and Cd, although smaller than the combined input from sewers, contributes a significant fraction of these
metals. The metal input from landfill leachate is far smaller than that from other sources. Analysis of available data shows
that metal concentrations in the sediment of the bay correlate with each other and with percent total organic carbon (%TOC).
This is consistent with the observation that the input of metals is predominantly associated with sewage. It is demonstrated
that metal-TOC ratios, rather than metal concentrations, must be used in efforts to detect local intensive sources of metals
in solution; metal-TOC ratios in intertidal sediment adjacent to these landfills are elevated by the adsorption of leachate
metals, while metal concentrations are not. Subtidal sediment within a few hundred meters from two landfills shows no evidence
of the addition of metals from that source, which is consistent with the small input of metals estimated for these landfills.
The evidence cited in this study sharply contradicts the implication made in a widely publicized report issued by an environmental
advocacy group that a significant link exists between metals found in subtidal sediment of Jamaica Bay and landfill leachate. 相似文献
135.
Hydrocarbon contamination of a terrestrial ecosystem:
the case of Oshire-2 oil spill in Niger Delta,Nigeria 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An oil-impacted site at Oshire-2 in Niger Delta (Nigeria) was delimited by reconnaissance. Surface and subsurface soils were
analyzed for total extractable hydrocarbon content and some physicochemical characteristics. The oil-impacted soils had a
mean hydrocarbon content of 1.99 × 103 mg/kg (no overlap in Standard Error at 95% Confidence Limit) and were characterized by an isohyperthermic temperature regime
>22°C, high moisture content, high acidity (low soil-pH) and low electrical conductivity. The intense infusion of degradable
hydrocarbons at the site must have stimulated aerobic and anaerobic microbial metabolism and so, as oxygen became limiting,
utilization of alternate electron acceptors produced an increasingly reducing environment. 相似文献
136.
Patricia Miretzky Carolina Muñoz Alejandro Carrillo-Chávez 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2007,5(3):131-136
The Pb (II) adsorption/desorption mechanism onto a natural sandy loam soil was studied by batch experiments at different pHs
(3.0, 4.5, 6.0), at different ionic strength (0, 0.02 and 0.1 M) and with different electrolytes solutions of NaCl, NaAcO
and NaNO3. Pb was strongly adsorbed onto the soil due to the formation of a mix of inner-sphere and outer-sphere complexes. Experimental
adsorption data fitted Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The desorption results with 0.1 M Mg (NO3)2 and 0.1 M NaAcO solutions corroborated the mechanisms proposed. The strong binding of Pb (II) to high affinity sites on soil
minerals seems to be responsible for the extent of hysteresis. The sandy loam soil under study thus constitutes a natural
control for Pb contamination. 相似文献
137.
M.B.G. Castro J.A.M. Remmerswaal J.C. Brezet M.A. Reuter 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2007,52(2):219-233
Recycling materials have always some degree of contamination. The presence of contaminations in the recycling streams causes a shift in the original composition of the materials to recycle. As a consequence, their quality may decrease with each recycling step. Additionally, lower quality resources are produced from resource streams that had initially a higher quality. These quality losses cannot be measured by mass balances, as the quality degradation cannot be translated by mass measures alone. To account all losses caused by recycling contaminations, all downstream recycling processes required to bring the materials back to the resource cycles must be included. This article describes a method to calculate the exergy content and exergy losses of metal solutions during recovery and recycling. The losses attributed to recycling, namely the material losses, the contamination losses with other metals, and the consequent need for dilution can be used as indicators of the quality loss of materials and of the efficiency of resource use in product systems. Therefore, exergy is proposed here as a measure of the efficiency of resources use. 相似文献
138.
Kurkjian R 《Environmental management》2000,25(5):477-483
/ Air, soil, and water samples were collected throughout the Republic of Armenia both before and after its independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Reported analyses of those samples indicated that levels of several trace metal concentrations (Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Ti, and Zn) exceeded the maximum allowable concentrations established by the former Soviet Union (FSU) and subsequently adopted by Armenia. Although industrial production has declined by more than 80% since the 1980s, the economy is improving and there is potential for a significant increase in the generation of industrial metal emissions. These include automobile emissions, which are now considered to be the primary source of atmospheric lead. Historically, the Soviet Union did not strictly enforce environmental standards, and Armenia is now faced with the resulting environmental problems and the associated risks to public health. Since some trace metal concentrations may be at or near potentially toxic levels, there is a need to accurately assess the extent of metal contamination in order to devise cleanup plans and develop long-term environmental protection and public health strategies in Armenia. 相似文献
139.
异位土壤淋洗修复技术应用进展分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
阐述了异位土壤淋洗法的流程、优势和局限性,分析了影响修复效果和费用的因素。并按淋洗方法和淋洗剂对土壤淋洗法进行了分类,在此基础上对近年来土壤淋洗在重金属和有机污染物污染土壤修复的应用进行了回顾和评价,列举了典型的研究和应用实例。土壤淋洗法在我国的研究和应用还有较大不足,今后需要在淋洗技术、淋洗装置与设备、新型淋洗剂,特别是生物表面活性剂和天然螯合剂等方面加强研究,并通过与其他土壤修复技术的联用,提高土壤异位淋洗技术的实用性,使其得以进一步改进和推广。 相似文献
140.
Due to rapid urbanization and industrialization, heavy metals in road-deposited sediments (RDSs) of parks are emitted into the terrestrial, atmospheric, and water environment, and have a severe impact on residents' and tourists' health. To identify the distribution and characteristic of heavy metals in RDS and to assess the road environmental quality in Chinese parks, samples were collected from Beijing Olympic Park in the present study. The results indicated that particles with small grain size (< 150 μm) were the dominant fraction. The length of dry period was one of the main factors affecting the particle size distribution, as indicated by the variation of size fraction with the increase of dry days. The amount of heavy metal (i.e., Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd) content was the largest in particles with small size (< 150 μm) among all samples. Specifically, the percentage of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in these particles was 74.7%, 55.5%, 56.6% and 71.3%, respectively. Heavy metals adsorbed in sediments may mainly be contributed by road traffic emissions. The contamination levels of Pb and Cd were higher than Cu and Zn on the basis of the mean heavy metal contents. Specifically, the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) decreased in the order: Cd > Pb > Cu > Zn. This study analyzed the mobility of heavy metals in sediments using partial sequential extraction with the Tessier procedure. The results revealed that the apparent mobility and potential metal bioavailability of heavy metals in the sediments, based on the exchangeable and carbonate fractions, decreased in the order: Cd > Zn ≈ Pb > Cu. 相似文献