The Potential of Using Solar Energy to Process Full-Fat Soybeans (Glycine max) to Reduce Urease Activity

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of panel solar cookers in reducing urease activity in full-fat soybeans (Glycine max). Changes in urease activity of soaked (SM), coarse-milled (CM) and whole dry (WM) full fat soybeans were investigated by roasting for 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min in multiple reflector panel solar cookers, in a 3 3 3 factorial experiment. Soaking soybeans for 14 h reduced (p<0.05) ^{1 1}P < 0.05 means that the probability (p) of falsely concluding significant difference between values obtained after statistical analysis was less than 5% (0.05). urease activity by 9%, from 6.58 meqNH₃/g DM to 5.98 meqNH₃/g DM. After 180 min of solar roasting, urease activity levels had declined by 81%, 67% and 23% in soaked, milled and whole dry soybeans respectively. Full fat soybean urease activity can be reduced faster in soaked than in dry soybeans. Findings suggest that there is potential in using multiple reflector panel solar cookers to reduce urease activity in full fat soybeans.     

纳滤膜处理含锰废水

采用纳滤膜处理电解锰生产过程中产生的含锰废水,考察了操作压力、阻垢剂和反冲洗等因素对膜通量和各金属离子截留率的影响。实验结果表明:操作压力越大,膜通量越大,且膜通量随运行时间延长下降得越快;在操作压力为2.0 MPa的条件下,纳滤膜对Mg2+的截留率为90.69%,对Mn2+的截留率为89.72%,对Ca2+的截留率最高,达100%;加入阻垢剂后,纳滤膜的膜通量比未加入阻垢剂时的膜通量略大;反冲洗4次后,膜通量均可完全恢复。     

聚环氧琥珀酸钠阻碳酸钙垢性能研究

研究了聚环氧琥珀酸钠在不同因素下的阻碳酸钙性能。实验结果表明 ,聚环氧琥珀酸钠具有较高的阻垢性能和较好的热稳定性 ,在高钙离子浓度、高温水系统中长时间停留对碳酸钙仍有较强的抑制作用。     

常减压装置常压塔顶腐蚀原因分析与防护

本文以某炼油厂常减压塔顶冷凝冷却系统为研究对象,对该系统发生腐蚀泄漏进行原因分析。通过分析其腐蚀原因,提出了控制腐蚀的措施和方法,从而达到设备长周期运转的目的。     

3,5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐硝化抑制作用初探

采用室内培养实验的方法,以不加抑制剂的尿素作为对照,对比研究DMPP及它的同分异构体3,5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐作为硝化抑制剂对尿素氮在土壤中转化的影响.结果表明,3,5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐具有一定的硝化抑制作用.在培养期间,施加3,5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐的土壤中硝态氮的含量一周后始终低于对照,铵态氮的含量一用后始终高于对照.但在培养试验中后期(三周以后),3,5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐的硝化抑制效果劣于DMPP.3,5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐能否作为新型硝化抑制剂,还要对它的生理、生态效应等进行进一步的研究.     

Effects of the new nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on nitrate and potassium leaching in two soils

In this study, soil column was used to study the new nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on nitrate (NO3--N) and potassium (K) leaching in the sandy loam soil and clay loam soil. The results showed that DMPP with ammonium sulphate nitrate (ASN) ((NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3) or urea could reduce NO3--N leaching significantly, whereas ammonium (NH4 -N) leaching increased slightly. In case of total N (NO3--N NH4 -N), losses by leaching during the experimental period (40 d) were 37.93 mg (urea), 31.61 mg (urea DMPP), 108.10 mg (ASN), 60.70 mg (ASN DMPP) in the sandy loam soil, and 30.54 mg (urea), 21.05 mg (urea DMPP), 37.86 mg (ASN), 31. 09 mg (ASN DMPP) in the clay loam soil, respectively. DMPP-amended soil led to the maintenance of relatively high levels of NH4 -N and low levels of NO3--N in soil, and nitrification was slower. DMPP supplementation also resulted in potassium leached less, but the difference was not significant except the treatment ASN and ASN DMPP in the sandy loam soil. Above results indicate that DMPP is a good nitrification inhibitor, the efficiency of DMPP seems better in the sandy loam soil than in the clay loam soil and lasts longer.     

尿素合成塔内衬腐蚀规律研究

本文归纳总结了水溶液全循环工艺尿素合成塔内衬腐蚀规律。研究表明使用超过13年的尿素合成塔内衬均匀腐蚀规律开始分化,个别塔内衬腐蚀加剧明显;而且尿素合成塔中偏上部筒节一般为剩余壁厚最薄的筒节,可通过适当调节该筒节塔盘间距或塔板筛孔数,减少该处局部反应时间,改善温度分布,延长整塔使用寿命。另外,多塔并联使用时,应注意管道分压导致各塔氧含量不均引发的不均匀腐蚀。     

焦化废水回用作循环冷却水的腐蚀特性

采用静态旋转挂片法研究了焦化废水回用作循环冷却水的可行性,主要对焦化废水生化处理出水和焦化废水深度处理出水的腐蚀特性进行考察.结果表明,焦化废水生化处理出水腐蚀速率较小,仅为0.025 573 mm/a,远远低于《水处理剂缓蚀性能的测定 旋转挂片法》(GB/T18175—2000)标准值(≤0.125 mm/a),挂片表面腐蚀轻微,仅有几个点蚀,不需深度处理即可回用作循环冷却水.通过UV-Vis,FTIR及GC/MS分析可知,焦化废水生化处理出水中含有C—O,CO等极性官能团及非极性基团,与目前常用有机缓蚀剂结构相似,在回用作循环冷却水的过程中可能起到缓蚀剂的作用.      

气相防锈剂在牵引电机制造过程中的应用

本文通过防锈性能试验(湿热试验)、防锈理化性能试验、实际验证试验研究了可剥离塑胶气雾剂(Y1)、气相防锈粉(Y2)、快干型防锈油(F1)以及气相防锈剂(F2)四种气相防锈剂对牵引电机产品材料的防锈效果,结果表明:Y1防锈效果好,但理化性能差;Y2不可长时间与明水接触,适用于短期防锈的产品;F1涂刷时应注意涂抹均匀,不可漏涂,适用于中短期防锈的产品;F2防锈效果最好,在高湿环境下防锈效果尤为突出,适用于长期防锈的产品。从而为牵引电机产品工序寻找出了合适的气相防锈剂,解决了牵引电机等产品制造工序中防锈需求问题。     

西部某气田井场分离器液相管线法兰腐蚀原因分析

目的 解决西部某气田井场分离器液相出口管线法兰严重腐蚀问题。方法 通过宏观形貌观察、无损检测、化学成分分析、金相组织分析、力学性能测试、腐蚀区域微观形貌观察、腐蚀产物物相分析以及腐蚀电化学实验的方法,分析该法兰发生腐蚀的原因。结果 A105制法兰与316L制密封圈存在较强的电偶腐蚀倾向。结论 电偶腐蚀是导致法兰面严重腐蚀的主要原因,另外,液相管线停用前放空不彻底,法兰底部存在积液,导致气液界面位置叠加发生水线腐蚀。根据法兰腐蚀原因提出了针对性的防腐建议。