基于视频数据的城市隧道交通运行特征与安全研究

为降低城市隧道交通事故率,提高车辆出行安全,以上海市翔殷路跨江隧道为研究对象,利用视频采集技术、车辆跟踪调查采集隧道交通运行数据,分析城市隧道交通运行特征及驾驶员在隧道内驾驶行为特征,并进一步研究其与隧道交通事故的关系。对隧道内车辆的速度、密度分布,变道行为进行分析,发现隧道南线入口处内外断面平均车速的显著差异可以解释该处追尾事故高发,隧道内车辆频繁变换车道导致隧道侧碰事故占较大比例。为改善城市隧道交通安全,在隧道内进行限速和限制车辆变道是必要的。     

基于数据挖掘法的矿井瓦斯联动监测

为解决传统矿井监测技术存在的监测效果差、数据利用率低、预警能力不足等问题,提出采用多点及多因素融合的联动监测方法。采用计算机数据挖掘、多级数据融合处理技术建立基于实际预警、规则评判、历史数据检测等方法的矿井故障分析及瓦斯浓度预警数据处理模型。该技术在临汾市尧都区5个煤矿的安全生产监控中试验应用,结果表明联动分析法有助于分析矿井故障原因、提高瓦斯浓度预警能力,且数据挖掘及多级数据融合技术的应用有助于规范样本,提高分析预警规则的稳定性、适应性。     

辽宁沿海经济带港口竞争力和效率评价——基于主成分分析和数据包络分析

通过建立合理的指标体系,使用主成分分析法评价辽宁沿海经济带港口整体竞争力,发现统计期间内其竞争力不断增强,交通配套设施在此期间始终停滞不前甚至下降,是整体竞争力提升的一个消极因素.将计算结果代入DEA方法评价其效率,发现辽宁沿海经济带港口管理较好,在2004年之后效率始终保持较高水平,仍然有继续提升的空间.     

秦皇岛市污染源自动监控工作现状及对策

在对秦皇岛市污染源自动监控工作现状进行分析的基础上,结合秦皇岛市自动监控工作存在的问题,提出了建立和完善政策体系、严格自动监控设备市场准入制度、推进第三方机构运营管理和加大资金投入等可操作性的对策。     

Development of the gap model ZELIG-CFS to predict the dynamics of North American mixed forest types with complex structures

When the development of gap models began about three decades ago, they became a new category of forest productivity models. Compared with traditional growth and yield models, which aim at deriving empirical relationships that best fit data, gap models use semi-theoretical relationships to simulate biotic and abiotic processes in forest stands, including the effects of photosynthetic active radiation interception, site fertility, temperature and soil moisture on tree growth and seedling establishment. While growth and yield models are appropriate to predict short-term stemwood production, gap models may be used to predict the natural course of species replacement for several generations. Because of the poor availability of historical data and knowledge on species-specific allometric relationships, species replacement and death rate, it has seldom been possible to develop and evaluate the most representative algorithms to predict growth and mortality with a high degree of accuracy. For this reason, the developers of gap models focused more on developing simulation tools to improve the understanding of forest succession than predicting growth and yield accurately.In a previous study, the predictions of simulations in two southeastern Canadian mixed ecosystem types using the ZELIG gap model were compared with long-term historical data. This exercise highlighted model components that needed modifications to improve the predictive capacity of ZELIG. The updated version of the model, ZELIG-CFS, includes modifications in the modelling of crown interaction effects, survival rate and regeneration. Different algorithms representing crown interactive effects between crowns were evaluated and species-specific model components that compute individual-tree mortality probability rate were derived. The results of the simulations were compared using long-term remeasurement data obtained from sample plots located in La Mauricie National Park of Canada in Quebec. In the present study, three forest types were studied: (1) red spruce-balsam fir-yellow birch, (2) yellow birch-sugar maple-balsam fir, and (3) red spruce-balsam fir-white birch mixed ecosystems. Among the seven algorithms that represented individual crown interactions, two better predicted the changes in basal area and individual-tree growth: (1) the mean available light growing factor (ALGF), which is computed from the proportion of light intercepted at different levels of individual crowns adjusted by the species-specific shade tolerance index, and (2) the ratio of mean ALGF to crown width. The long-term predicted patterns of change in basal area were consistent with the life history of the different species.     

风云3号气象卫星资料在暴雨预报中的应用

介绍了风云3号(FY-3A)气象卫星资料应用示范项目<卫星资料在暴雨监测预报中的应用>的研究成果.讨论了以FY-3A资料为主,结合风云气象卫星系列其他资料和数值预报产品等,在云团识别的基础上计算云团特征量作为预报因子建立预报方程并计算云团最大降水量的暴雨临近预报方法,以及使用FY-3A资料作为"配料法"配料之一的暴雨6...     

基于DEA分析的生命线网络节点抗灾相对可靠度评估

对于生命线工程网络系统而言,合理分析和评估其带有网络特征的节点可靠度,比只研究单体可靠度更具实际意义.基于数据包络分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA)有效性分析的思想,提出了生命线网络节点抗灾相对可靠度的概念.从生命线工程在灾害环境下着重体现出的系统性和网络性出发,考察网络中的节点所能实...     

An OH&S Management System as a Source of Information

The concept of an occupational health and safety management system (OH&S MS) has become widespread over the past 20 years. However, there are few studies on the subject, they are generally methodologically weak and in many cases cannot be generalized. A formalized OH&S MS is a set of rules and connected elements of the general organization management system which guarantees accomplishment of the organization?s objectives in the area of upgrading safety conditions of both employees and the environment. The need for research on voluntary management systems stems from the necessity to propagate appropriate solutions and their continuous development processes. This paper discusses an OH&S MS as a source of data and essential information on the process of developing a system. It examines the relationship between the degree to which the requirements of Standard No. PN-N-18001:2004 have been adapted and the demand for health and safety data and information.     

数据资源规划在宏观环境督察业务领域应用研究

信息流的畅通和数据资源的有效利用是信息化可持续发展的基础。本文介绍了基于顶层设计的数据资源规划方法,提出数据资源规划的工作步骤。结合宏观环境督察业务现状和业务发展需要,归纳、分析、聚类、抽象出宏观环境督察业务职能域和全域数据元素集,形成了宏观环境督察数据资源的整体规划,为建立宏观督察业务的业务模型和数据模型提供了基础。     

建设项目竣工环保验收监测中常见问题及应对措施

建设项目竣工环保验收监测中常常出现建设同环评和初步设计不相符、变更粉尘产污环节、环评文本遗漏重要敏感点评价、数据异常、工况条件不满足要求等问题,基于此提出了重新报批变更的工程内容,向环保主管部门说明变更情况,对遗漏部分进行补充评价并监测,对异常数据查明原因后科学剔除,以及按照实际工况进行监测等应对措施。