尾矿库运行期DADT循环管控技术

为提高尾矿库这一矿山重大危险源安全监管系统化水平,实现数字化安全监管,提出了全寿命周期DADT循环管控技术理论。这项技术首先需要整合管控对象的三维数字化测控成果与调研资料,建立全寿命周期“健康档案”,其次运用DADT循环管控方法,同时耦合相关专业技术,“诊断、分析、设计、治理”管控对象的安全特征要素,发现并解决安全隐患。结合尾矿库自身特点与测控成果,阐述了尾矿库全寿命周期DADT循环管控技术的运行流程。以白马尾矿库为例,在三维点云数据基础上建立实体模型,运用全寿命周期DADT循环管控技术,耦合调洪演算过程,结果表明,尾矿库在后期堆排过程中,库区会出现“封闭水域”,提前发现并科学解决了尾矿库排洪隐患。全寿命周期DADT循环管控技术的运用,克服了以往安全监管对管控对象安全状况系统性掌控的不足,有利于精确处理安全隐患,为数字化安全监管的实现提供了一种全新思路。     

地铁隧道地震动力响应模拟试验研究

为研究地震荷载作用下隧道结构的动力响应,以指导隧道修建施工和衬砌支护,提高地铁隧道的整体抗震能力,采用理论分析、数值模拟和室内试验相结合的方法,对地铁隧道地震动力响应进行研究。选取沈阳地铁2号线某段隧道为工程背景,在理论分析地铁隧道地震动力响应的前提下,运用FLAC~(3D)数值软件模拟地铁隧道地震动力响应情况,地铁隧道两帮壁正负45°区域剪应力、主应力和位移最显著,监测点加速度变化趋势与输入地震波加速度时程曲线较为一致。在室内振动台试验中,地基土体表面峰值加速度明显比地基土体深部大,隧道两帮壁正负45°位置附近应变最大,振动停止后应变并未归零。数值模拟与室内试验研究结果较为吻合表明,由于人工波的地震烈度较现场波大,地铁隧道的地震扰动强烈;地铁隧道两帮壁正负45°区域地震动力响应剧烈,极易发生破坏。可根据这一现象有针对性地采取抗震措施,保证地铁隧道的安全、稳定。     

Beyond BAT: Selecting optimal combinations of available techniques,with an example from the limestone industry

Technological choices are multi-dimensional and thus one needs a multi-dimensional methodology to identify best available techniques. Moreover, in the presence of environmental externalities generated by productive activities, ‘best’ available techniques should be best from Society's point of view, not only in terms of private interests. In this paper we present a modeling framework based on methodologies appropriate to serve these two purposes, namely linear programming and internalization of external costs. We develop it as an operational decision tool, of interest for both firms and regulators, and we apply it to a plant in the lime industry. We show why, in this context, there is in general not a single best available technique (BAT), but well a best combination of available techniques to be used (BCAT).     

Prenatal screening and diagnosis of neural tube defects

This review article discusses prenatal screening and diagnosis of neural tube defects (NTD). High detection rates occur in countries operating ultrasound screening programmes because classical two-dimensional ultrasound cranial signs (lemon shaped head, banana cerebellum, ventriculomegaly) are important diagnostic clues to the presence of spina bifida. Careful evaluation of both the spine and a search for other abnormalities is warranted. Important prognostic information for spina bifida relates to the lesion level, with a “watershed” between L3 and L4 marking a very high chance of being wheelchair bound with the higher lesions. Three-dimensional ultrasound using multiplanar views can achieve diagnostic accuracy within one vertebral body in around 80% of patients. There are high rates of pregnancy termination for spina bifida in many European countries, but the use of new imagining techniques allow better prediction of outcome, and consequently a refinement of prenatal counselling. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

多层采空区条件下的高速公路路堑边坡稳定性数值分析

高速公路建设过程中常穿越各种矿山采空区,采空区对路堑边坡的稳定性产生较大的影响。基于有限差分分析的快速拉格朗算法FLAC3D程序,由于具有强大的数值模拟分析功能,可以模拟多种结构形式的地质体,因而广泛应用于各种岩土工程问题。本文结合国家某重点交通项目,采用快速拉格朗算法FLAC3D程序对多层采空区条件下的某路堑边坡稳定性进行了评价,主要包括开挖、注浆和锚固等工况下路堑边坡的应力和位移分析。分析结果表明,采空区经过处理后的路堑边坡是稳定的,FLAC3D应用于多层采空区条件下的路堑边坡稳定性评价是可行的。     

P204f(D2EHPA)萃取分离回收催化剂母液中钴、锰

石油化工和化纤工业中大量使用钴,锰催化剂,应及时从各种废液中回收、再生,本文在25±1℃下研究了D_2EHPA-煤油从硫酸盐介质中萃取分离钴(Ⅱ)、锰(Ⅱ)的工艺,考察了萃取剂浓度、平衡pH值、相比对萃取的影响,求取了较适宜的工艺条件,利用五级逆流萃取模拟试验将钴、锰浓度比从1:1.5提高到1000:1,加入洗涤段后,又可获得金属含量比为1000的纯锰溶液,初步探索了用先进的液膜萃取新技术从溶液中分别富集、分离钴(Ⅱ)、锰(Ⅱ)的方法,找出了体系pH值对液膜萃取的影响,提出了从PTA氧化母液中回收废催化剂,萃取分离钴、锰,再生制备醋酸钴、醋酸锰和其他含钴、锰精细化工产品的工艺。     

基于GIS的2.5维场地地震液化势概率评价

用具有概率意义的饱和砂土抗液化强度经验公式对2.5维工程场地进行了地震液化势概率评价,通过Kriging法对目标场地区域进行空间插值,可以对大区域工程场地的液化深度和液化范围进行分析评价;采用不规则三角网表面和四面体综合法共同描述地质体模型,在GIS的3维分析模块支持下建立了液化势可视化模型。研究表明:Kriging法通过已勘测点的土层地震液化势来估计未勘测点的土层地震液化势,能够较好地区划出场地地震液化势的空间分布特征,并对待估点进行预测;利用GIS的3维分析模块,实现2.5维场地地震液化势可视化模型的建立是一条有效的技术路线。     

断层活动方式与地震地表变形分布特征研究

基于断层弹性位错理论及断层滑动非均匀模型,用三维有限元方法计算了发震断层逆断、正断和水平走滑三种不同活动方式下的地表变形,探讨了断层不同活动方式下的地震应变与位移的分布规律及震级、断层倾角对地震地表变形分布的影响。研究结果表明,地震地表变形影响因素很多,如地质构造条件、岩性介质特征、断层活动强度、断层产状和区域构造应力场等,但分布形态最终取决于断层活动方式,变形大小则取决于断层活动强度,其它均为局地因素,只影响分布形态的局部扭曲。断层不同活动方式下的地震地表变形分布各有其自身的规律和特点,这些分布特征可为地震研究及近活动断层建筑工程抗震设计或加固防护参考。     

四路D1格式的MPEG4音视频压缩PCI卡实现

本文介绍了一种采用VW2005芯片的4路MPEG-4数字监控系统音视频压缩编码卡的设计与实现方案,其中包括多路音视频数据采集和MPEG-4压缩编码模块,编码后的数据码流通过PCI总线传送至计算机功能模块以及驱动过程,并介绍了板卡与主机之间实现数据通讯的机制.     

A new approach to natural capital sustainable development

The three-dimension (3D) ecological footprint makes the analysis of the relationships between the demand and supply of natural capital more credible by importing footprint depth and footprint size. This article used China’s regions as the object to analyze the high-level sustainability of the natural capital from the view of “ecology – efficiency – fairness” multidimensional framework. Research showed that China’s ecological footprint has risen while bio-capacity per capita has descended in recent 20 years. This paper also discusses the spatial distribution of China’s natural capital ecological sustainability, efficiency sustainability and fairness sustainability. Finally, it builds multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) models to get multidimensional sustainability framework taking ecological sustainability, efficiency sustainability, and fairness sustainability into consideration.