Personality and economic choices

There is substantial variation in individual preferences for public goods, yet much of that variation remains poorly understood. However, simple measures of personality can help to explain economic values and choices in a systematic way. In this paper, we examine the effects of personality on individual economic choices over public environmental goods. Based on three datasets from three separate stated preference studies, we use a hybrid choice econometric framework to examine the effects of personality on preferences for the status quo, changes in environmental quality, and costs of investing in environmental improvements. We find effects that are consistent across all datasets. Personality, a stable feature of an individual's character that is simple to measure, enriches explanations of why the demand for environmental goods varies across people, provides an indication of how different people are likely to react to the introduction of environmental policies, and explains substantial differences in Willingness to Pay.     

Resilience-based approach to safety barrier performance assessment in process facilities

The performance assessment of safety barriers is essential to find vulnerable elements in a safety barrier system. Traditional performance assessment approaches mainly focus on using several static indicators for quantifying the performance of safety barriers. However, with the increasing complexity of the system, emerging hazards are highly uncertain, making it challenging for the static indicators to assess the performance of safety barriers. This paper proposes a resilience−based performance assessment method for safety barriers to overcome this problem. Safety barriers are classified according to their functions first. The dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) is then introduced to calculate the availability function under normal and disruption conditions. The ratio of the system's availability, when affected by the disruption, to the initial availability, is used to determine the absorption capacity of the system. The ratio of the quantity of availability recovery to the total quantity of system represents the adaptation and restoration capacity of the system. The system's resilience is represented by the sum of absorption, adaptation, and restoration capacities. The wax oil hydrogenation process is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology.     

3D可视化石化装置安全管理系统的开发

本文介绍了3D可视化石化装置安全管理系统构成、功能和实验途径，该系统将三维激光扫描和GIS技术运用于石化行业，通过数据处理建立石化装置测绘级精度、全尺寸、全真实体的三维数字模型，并通过添加GIS信息和设备属性信息，实现石化装置5D可视化管理、分层管理、设备检维修和施工改造模拟、事故影响范围及应急救援最佳路径模拟、工作人员仿真培训等安全管理模块，为石化企业设备管理提供了新的技术平台。     

D301树脂对水中氟虫腈的吸附去除研究

文章研究D301树脂对水溶液中氟虫腈的吸附行为,考察了吸附剂投加量和溶液pH值对吸附效果的影响,对吸附等温线和吸附动力学进行了探讨,并选择不同模型对吸附曲线进行拟合。结果表明,当氟虫腈溶液初始浓度为2 mg/L,吸附剂投加量为0.5 g/L时,氟虫腈的去除率达到100%;溶液pH值在3⁹范围内变化时,对吸附的影响较小,相对而言pH=7的吸附效果最好;D301树脂对氟虫腈的吸附等温线满足Langmuir吸附等温式和Freundlich吸附等温式,相关系数R2分别为0.994和0.991;吸附动力学符合Lagergren一级反应方程。总体来说,D301树脂对氟虫腈的吸附效果较好。     

磺胺嘧啶在覆铁石英砂中迁移特征及数值模拟

为了探讨磺胺类抗生素在土壤中的迁移特征,以磺胺嘧啶（SDZ）为研究对象,以石英砂（QS）为介质,采用高温加热法制备覆铁石英砂（IOCS）,通过土柱出流实验,研究不同铁含量和离子强度对SDZ在IOCS中迁移的影响,并利用Hydrus-1D软件对结果进行模拟.土柱出流实验结果表明,随着IOCS表面铁含量增加,其表面粗糙度越大,且表面携带的正电荷越多,SDZ越容易吸附在IOCS表面,其相对浓度峰值越低,不利于SDZ的迁移;离子强度的增加,促进了SDZ在QS和IOCS中的迁移,这主要是受静电作用、表面络合作用和竞争吸附作用的控制.模拟结果显示,非平衡单点吸附模型（OSM）可以较好地模拟不同铁含量和离子强度下SDZ的迁移过程,拟合曲线与实测曲线几乎重合,R²>0.97,RMSE<0.032,拟合效果较好;反演所得吸附分配系数k_F随着铁含量的增加而增加,随离子强度的增加而减小;阻滞因子R_d与其呈现相同的变化趋势;吸附特征参数β>1,而一阶动力学速率常数α均较小.     

低渗煤层高压水射流割缝强化瓦斯抽采技术研究

为了解决低渗高突煤层瓦斯治理工程量大、效率低难题,提出在煤层中利用高压水射流切割缝槽依靠煤岩自身重力自动卸压强化瓦斯抽采技术。为了确定超高压水射流割缝工艺参数,采用FLAC3D数值模拟方法分析了不同缝槽间距、宽度条件下缝槽周围煤体塑性破坏特征和应力演化规律,得出高压水射流割缝合理缝槽间距为3 m,合理缝槽宽度为100 mm,现场实践表明:高压水射流割缝增大了煤层暴露面积、煤体扰动体积,高负压抽采支管瓦斯流量和浓度显著提升,瓦斯抽采纯量在0.7~1.1 m3/min范围内波动,瓦斯浓度在50%以上,对该矿其他工作面瓦斯治理具有一定借鉴意义。     

基于空天地三维数据的尾矿库安全监管技术研究

为提高尾矿库安全状态,解决当前尾矿库监管难度大、代价高、盲区多的现实问题,以四川省盐边县小水井尾矿库为研究对象,采用高分遥感、无人机和三维激光组成的空天地三维数据,建立多层级、多精度三维数据的协同流转模式,通过周边关系分析、关键指标检查、防排洪验算、稳定性分析和溃坝模拟等手段,提供了尾矿库风险管控与定量化评价的参数,研究结果表明:该技术可有效提升尾矿库安全监管的技术能力,有助于促进运营方和监管者建立尾矿库监测-预警-避灾-救援工作体系。     

0D/3D direct Z-scheme heterojunctions hybridizing by MoS2 quantum dots and honeycomb conjugated triazine polymers (CTPs) for enhanced photocatalytic performance

Herein, a novel direct Z-scheme photocatalyst was accomplished by hybridization of 0D MoS₂ quantum dots (MSQDs) and 3D honeycomb-like conjugated triazine polymers (CTP) (namely, CTP-MSQD). The unique 0D/3D hierarchical structure significantly enhanced the exposure of active sites and light harvesting property, while the formed p-n junction enabled the direct strong interface coupling without the necessity of any mediators. The optimized CTP-MSQD3 exhibited continuously increased visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity and strong durability both in Cr(VI) reduction and H₂ evolution, featured a rate of 0.069 min⁻¹ and 1070 µmol/(hr∙g), respectively, which were 8 times than those of pure 3D-CTP (0.009 min⁻¹ and 129 µmol/(hr∙g)). We believe that this work provides a promising photocatalyst system that combines a 0D/3D hierarchical structure and a Z-scheme charge flow for efficient and stable photocatalytic conversion.     

基于3D Studio MAX造型的冲压模设计

介绍了基于 3DStudioMAX造型设计的图形数据 ,通过与AutoCAD的数据接口 ,直接将造型作为模具型腔设计的依据 ,以获得实际产品与设计模型的完美统一 ,对减少重复劳动 ,提高产品设计质量十分有益     

一种六面体有限元网格的自动生成

提出一种适合于金属体积成形有限元分析的六面体网格的自动生成方法——子区域法.这种方法首先将形状较复杂的几何实体分割成形状相对简单的六面体子区域,然后分别在每个子区域内生成六面体单元.根据这种方法的特点.提出了得到有效网格所必须考虑的问题和解决方案:子区域网格约束和子区域间网格相容性约束.