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201.
Zhihua Chen Baochun Fan Xiaohai Jiang 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2006,19(6):648-655
Suppression tests of oxyhydrogen gas explosions were performed in an explosion tube with five types of dry powder used as the suppressants. The experimental results showed that the powder with large dust cloud density and small radius has better suppression effect, which agrees well with previous correlative results. Moreover, our results also showed that particles with chemical activity and light material density, their suppression effect are more prominent than that of the inert particles with heavy density. To discover the detailed suppression process of dust powder, governing equations were developed based on the homogeneous reactive two-phase flow. The TVD scheme and the Lax–Wendroff–Rubin scheme were adopted to solve the reactive gas phase and particle phase, respectively. The time splitting technique was employed to handle the stiffness of the coupled equations. Our calculated results showed that the dust cloud has the suppression effect on the explosion of oxyhydrogen gas, and with the increase of dust cloud density or the decrease of particle diameter, its suppression effect become more evident, which is in good agreement with our experimental results, in addition, the numerical results showed that with the same particle diameter, the suppression performance is enhanced with the reduction in particle material density. 相似文献
202.
为了探明分流制泵站旱流放江对受纳河道的影响,以上海市中心城区典型分流制系统Z泵站为例,研究了旱流放江对受纳河道水质的影响。结果显示:(1)受泵站放江的影响,河道COD、硫化物以及氨氮的增幅分别为0.23%~37.68%、7.4%~76.19%、10.60%~76.15%;(2)旱流放江污染物对河道水质的影响有显著差异,其中COD与氨氮浓度的下降主要源于水体的稀释扩散作用;而H2S、FeS等硫化物浓度的降低则更多的受到氧化还原反应的影响;(3)Z泵站旱流放江对Z河水质的显著影响范围为泵站排放口上下游40 m范围内,对黄浦江水质的影响则总体不大。 相似文献
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204.
Contribution of atmospheric nitrogen deposition to diffuse pollution in a typical hilly red soil catchment in southern China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Jianlin Shen Jieyun Liu Yong Li Yuyuan Li Yi Wang Xuejun Liu Jinshui Wu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(9):1797-1805
Atmospheric nitrogen (hi) deposition is currently high and meanwhile diffuse N pollution is also serious in China. The correlation between N deposition and riverine N export and the contribution of N deposition to riverine N export were investigated in a typical hilly red soil catchment in southern China over a two-year period. N deposition was as high as 26.1 to 55.8 kg N/(ha-yr) across different land uses in the studied catchment, while the riverine N exports ranged from 7.2 to 9.6 kg N/(ha-yr) in the forest sub-catchment and 27.4 to 30.3 kg N/(ha.yr) in the agricultural sub-catchment. The correlations between both wet N deposition and riverine N export and precipitation were highly positive, and so were the correlations between NH-N or NO2-N wet deposition and riverine NH4-N or NO3-N exports except for NH-N in the agricultural sub-catchment, indicating that N deposition contributed to riverine N export. The monthly export coefficients of atmospheric deposited N from land to river in the forest sub-catchment (with a mean of 14%) presented a significant positive correlation With precipitation, while the monthly contributions of atmospheric deposition to riverine N export (with a mean of 18.7% in the agricultural sub-catchment and a mean of 21.0% in the whole catchment) were significantly and negatively correlated with precipitation. The relatively high contribution of N deposition to diffuse N pollution in the catchment suggests that efforts should be done to control anthropogenic reactive N emissions to the atmosphere in hilly red soil regions in southern China. 相似文献
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207.
Size and elemental composition of dry-deposited particles during a severe dust storm at a coastal site of Eastern China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hongya Niu Daizhou Zhang Wei Hu Jinhui Shi Ruipeng Li Huiwang Gao Wei Pian Min Hu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(2):161-168
Dry-deposited particles were collected during the passage of an extremely strong dust storm in March, 2010 at a coastal site in Qingdao(36.15°N, 120.49°E), a city located in Eastern China. The size, morphology, and elemental composition of the particles were quantified with a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray instrument(SEM–EDX). The particles appeared in various shapes, and their size mainly varied from 0.4to 10 μm, with the mean diameters of 0.5, 1.5, and 1.0 μm before, during, and after the dust storm, respectively. The critical size of the mineral particles settling on the surface in the current case was about 0.3–0.4 μm before the dust storm and about 0.5–0.7 μm during the dust storm. Particles that appeared in high concentration but were smaller than the critical size deposited onto the surface at a small number flux. The elements Al, Si and Mg were frequently detected in all samples, indicating the dominance of mineral particles. The frequency of Al in particles collected before the dust storm was significantly lower than for those collected during and after the dust storm. The frequencies of Cl and Fe did not show obvious changes, while those of S, K and Ca decreased after the dust arrival. These results indicate that the dust particles deposited onto the surface were less influenced by anthropogenic pollutants in terms of particle number. 相似文献
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209.
上海市公园绿地树叶对大气重金属污染的磁学响应 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
为探究城市公园绿地树叶对大气重金属污染的磁学响应,按照上海市年均主导风设置纵横两个采样断面,采集城郊区公园绿地中广泛分布的香樟树叶,进行岩石磁学和重金属元素分析.结果表明,样品磁性矿物以亚铁磁性矿物为主导,磁性颗粒物的含量和粒径由典型工业区沿冬季风方向逐级递减.对叶片进行超声清洗后磁化率下降63%~90%,即样品的磁性特征主要取决于叶表附尘.树叶重金属元素Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、Cr、V、Pb含量与磁参数显著相关(0.442≤R≤0.799,P0.05),说明城市公园绿地树叶磁参数可以作为大气重金属污染的替代指标.运用多元统计分析方法表明,研究区树叶磁性矿物及重金属含量主要受工业活动和交通道路污染的复合影响. 相似文献