Coulometric determination of sulfur speciation in natural waters

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水杉锯末对三价铬离子的吸附机理研究

用酸碱电势滴定法和静态实验对木屑表面的带电状况﹑Cr3+的吸附规律及其吸附反应焓进行了研究,并用X射线光电子能谱对吸附Cr3+前后的木屑表面元素进行了测定。结果表明木屑的等电点(pHzpc)为3.2,pH大于时表面带负电;木屑表面的羧基离子是带电的主要官能团,也是吸附Cr3+的主要基团;羧基与Cr3+之间为1∶1的配位吸附。     

微回流比色测定仪与滴定法测定水中COD值的方法对比

简单介绍了微回流法和滴定法测定水中COD浓度值的原理及方法,着重对两种方法的测定结果进行了对比,并通过统计验证,证明两种方法无显著性差异.     

Heavy metal accumulation of urban domestic rubbish compost in turfgrass by EDTA chelating

Seven kinds of heavy metal accumulation of rubbish compost in turfgrass by EDTA chelating were investigated. With EDTA application, heavy metal accumulation by two species of turfgrass was increased significantly. The enrichment coefficients of Lolium perenne L（L） and Festuca arundinacea L（F） to Cr reached 9.4.5 and 6.15 respectively. In the range of EDTA dosages given, heavy metal accumulation in turfgrass increased with increasing EDTA level. There were significant differences in remediation of different metals by applying EDTA. L had high ability to accumulate Cr, Cd, Ni and Zn, showing better remediation to heavy metals of rubbish compost. In contrast, F showed high ability to accumulate Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn. Low EDTA level increased aboveground net primary production （ANP） of turfgrass, but EDTA would considerably inhibit it when EDTA was higher than 20 mmol/kg. The results demonstrated that the optimum dosage of EDTA for remediating heavy metals in rubbish compost by turfgrass was between 10 mmol/kg and 20 mmol/kg.     

以炼铝灰渣为原料制备絮凝剂及其应用

通过正交实验确定:10g一次铝灰渣和100mL浓度为4mol/L的盐酸在100℃搅拌浸取(转速为140r/min)2h,具有最佳的溶出效果,对制备的絮凝剂进行pH值调节可使之达到最佳的污水处理效果.     

东方香蒲(Typha orientalis Presl)对铅的富集特征及其EDTA效应分析

通过野外调查和水培试验，研究了生长在永州铅锌铜尾矿上的优势植物东方香蒲（Typha orientalis Presl）对铅的富集特征及EDTA对其吸收和运输铅的影响。野外调查表明，东方香蒲对铅有很强的富集作用，其地上部分铅平均质量分数为619mg／kg，地下部分铅平均质量分数为1233mg／kg。营养液培养试验进一步证实了它的强富集能力，其地上和地下部分的铅质量分数都远远超过了超富集定义的参考值（1000mg／kg）。分析结果表明，东方香蒲是一种新的铅富集型植物，EDTA的加入不仅增加了植株对铅的吸收量，而且增大了铅在植株体内的转运系数。同时，铅对植株的毒害症状也得到缓解。     

化学需氧量测定中分光光度法与滴定法的比较

文章对水样化学需氧量（COD）测定方法中的密闭催化消解-分光光度法和回流消解-滴定法进行了比较。与回流消解-滴定法相比，分光光度法测定标准水样COD结果稍为偏高，但对于废水样品，2种方法的测定结果呈良好线性相关（b=1．024，R^2=0．990），整体上没有显著性差异。密闭催化消解-分光光度法有快速、节能、环保等优点，值得在环境监测工作中推广应用。     

Trace elements in wild grasses: a phytoavailability study on a remediated field

There have been significant efforts to establish a widely usable method for the prediction of trace element bioavailability in soil. In this work, we used extraction with 0.01 M CaCl₂ and 0.05 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to estimate bioavailable concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in a soil moderately contaminated with trace elements 1 and 2 years after the application of three amendments. The experiment took place in a field plot of a soil affected by the toxic spill of the Aznalcóllar mine. Four treatments were established: three with amendments (biosolid compost, sugar beet lime, and a combination of leonardite plus sugar beet lime) and a control without amendment. Trace element concentrations of two representative species in each year (Lamarckia aurea and Poa annua in 2004 and Lamarckia aurea and Bromus rubens in 2005) were analyzed. The results showed a positive effect of the amendments both on soil and vegetation. Trace element concentrations in plants growing in the amended subplots were lower than those in plants from nonamended subplots. As a rule, concentrations of CaCl₂-soluble Cd, Cu, and Zn in soil were positively correlated with trace elements in plants, whereas EDTA extraction was scarcely correlated with plant concentration. For species of grasses, especially L. aurea, CaCl₂ seems to be a more suitable extractant to predict trace element bioavailability in this contaminated soil.     

多元线性回归pH滴定同时测定垃圾渗滤液中重金属浓度

垃圾渗滤液中的高浓度重金属离子严重抑止了废水生化处理过程中微生物的生长与代谢。通过建立多元线性回归模型,结合pH络合滴定方法,实现了同时测定垃圾渗滤液中络合稳定常数极为接近的多种重金属离子浓度。该方法操作简便,准确可靠,适用于大批量相同组成试样的分析。     

EDTA对微电解体系降解对硝基酚的影响

考察了EDTA对微电解体系降解对硝基酚的影响及作用机制,结果表明,EDTA能够提高微电解处理对硝基酚的效果;单因素试验法确定了微电解/EDTA体系处理1000mg·l~(-1)对硝基酚的最佳条件:铁屑量120g·l~(-1),碳量20g·l~(-1),pH值为3,EDTA浓度1mmol·l~(-1).在此条件反应60min,对硝基酚去除率为89.7%,而常规微电解在最佳条件下对硝基酚的去除率仅为53.8%.值得关注的是EDTA不仅提高了对硝基酚的去除率,而且拓宽了微电解体系对pH值的适应范围,在中性条件下微电解/EDTA体系对硝基酚的去除率达到了63.5%,而相同条件下传统微电解法仅为19.5%.同时,通过对降解产物的鉴定,分析了对硝基酚在微电解/EDTA体系的降解途径.