中医学对于地震学的借鉴

本文从方法论着手,论述了中医学对地震学借鉴的可能性,中医的基本理论(其中包括经络说、病因说、施治法则)在地震研究中的应用及对地震研究的启迪。     

Post-disaster behavior of some communicable diseases

The surveillance of communicable diseases after a natural disaster reflects the permanent state of effectiveness of the health services and the adverse factors of the natural, physical and family environments. Diarrhoeal diseases may be the best indicator of a community's period of recovery. The return of these diseases to endemic levels means that the pre-disaster situation has been reestablished.     

地球的脱气过程及对人类生活环境的影响

地球是一个巨大的开放系统。地球的脱气是岩石圈与大气圈进行物质能量交换的重要形式,也对人类生活环境产生重大影响。地球的脱气场所与地质构造关系密切。大规模的脱气在空间上是不均匀分布的,在时间上是非匀速有起伏的。灾变事件往往伴随有气体异常,气体异常溢出有可能酿成灾变。监测重点地区的地球脱气过程,可为防灾减灾及研究地壳活动提供丰富信息。     

热带海—气的相互作用与地球自转—用天文方法预测ENSO事件

本文介绍了热带海洋、大气的相互作用,着重描述了它们与地球自转年际速率变化的关系和物理过程的联系,以及用天文观测的日长变化资料预测ENSO事件的方法和尝试.     

基于Google Earth的海域使用管理信息系统应用Ⅰ．浏览显示篇

建立海域使用管理信息系统的目的是对每一宗海的海域使用类型等信息进行确权登记,为各级海洋行政管理部门提供准确的基础信息资料.对充分利用互联网提供的资源和先进技术,即将Googh Earth免费提供的高分辨率的卫星影像有效地用到海域使用管理信息系统中做了探讨.Google Earth提供的卫星图像匹配了视图的方位、经纬度、视图高度,并可以放入点位标记、影像贴图及多边型三维数据,而且基于其遥感地图的宗海图及海籍信息能更加生动形象的描绘海域使用情况从而提升我国海洋管理和海洋资源开发利用的整体水平.     

Earth system analysis and management

A research strategy based upon models of intermediate complexity addressing crucial aspects of global environmental change is presented. The key idea behind that strategy is to compress system complexity either by formal techniques such that first-order aspects are preserved, or to employ semi-qualitative schemes to describe and simulate the dominant dynamical patterns identified by panoramic inspection.Specific realizations of the overall heuristic philosophy are introduced as elements of a comprehensive research program on global change. Topics encompass global climate modeling, a decision analysis framework for managing the global warming problem by balancing adaptation and mitigation efforts, a generic approach to integrated regional climate impact assessment and its implementation in specific regions, as well as a new technique to link regional and global patterns of environmental change by using advanced modeling tools.     

某污水灌区居民胃癌高发的病因研究

某污水灌区居民恶性肿瘤死亡回顾调查发现,胃癌标化死亡率重污染地区明显高于一般污染区及对照区,是全国农村胃癌标化死亡率的3倍.通过污灌区居民临床体检和肠型胃癌的肠上皮抗原——α_2GP 对血清免疫学检测,发现胃癌高发与本地人群慢性萎缩性胃炎的粘膜肠上皮化生有密切联系,环境卫生与环境流行病学调查进一步证明污灌地区居民的胃粘膜肠上皮化生又和灌区污染的井水及稻米中某些矿物油、苯并(a)芘等污染物长期刺激有关,经试验均具有效突变活性.据此,作者初步提示了某污灌区居民胃癌的发生模型.     

湖南古丈奥陶纪红石林地层特征与石灰岩沉积环境分析

湘西古丈红石林国家地质公园出露着奥陶系牯牛潭组红色石灰岩地层,含角石化石,被认为是海相红层.野外观察地层红色深浅与其层理/层次变化关系判断为近于同期形成,属原生色.水生化石存在红层中,前者反映水下缺氧条件,而红层指示着氧化环境,两种指示尖锐对立,意味着可能至少一方存在认识偏差.采样分析结果表明,赤铁矿和针铁矿是其中可以...     

电动汽车锂离子电池组火灾数值模拟研究

为了探究电动汽车火灾危险性,利用FDS软件建立锂离子电池火灾模型,并对电动汽车锂离子电池组火灾进行数值模拟研究,分析火灾过程中的热释放速率、烟气、能见度、温度、CO和CO2浓度变化规律。研究结果表明:电动汽车内锂离子电池组火灾发展迅速,其烟气、高温、CO等危害影响车内人员的安全;车辆内部锂离子电池组的数量决定其火灾危险性的大小,大电池容量电动汽车火灾风险较高;当电动大巴车后端电池组发生火灾时,人员后门逃离的安全性系数高于前门;电动汽车火灾可能发生蔓延,增大车辆密集型区域的消防安全难度。该模拟结果可为电动汽车消防提供参考。     

Monitoring and assessment of wetlands using Earth Observation: the GlobWetland project

The overall objective of the Ramsar Convention, signed in 1971, is the conservation and wise use of wetlands by national action and international cooperation as a means to achieving sustainable development. This complex and challenging task requires national, local and international bodies involved in the implementation of the convention to rely on suitable geo-information to better understand wetland areas, complete national inventories, perform monitoring activities, carry out assessments and put in practice suitable management plans based on updated and reliable information. In the last years, Earth Observation (EO) technology has been revealed as a key tool and unique information source to support the environmental community in different application domains, including wetlands' conservation and management. In this context, the European Space Agency (ESA) in collaboration with the Ramsar Secretariat launched in 2003 the "GlobWetland" project in order to demonstrate the current capabilities of Earth Observation technology to support inventorying, monitoring, and assessment of wetland ecosystems. This paper collects the main results and findings of the "GlobWetland" project, providing an overview of the current capabilities and limits of EO technology as a tool to support the implementation of the Ramsar Convention. The project was carried out in collaboration with several regional, national and local conservation authorities and wetland managers, involving 50 different wetlands across 21 countries on four continents. This large range of users provided an excellent test bed to assess the potential of this technology to be applied in different technical, economic and social conditions.