Characteristics and source attribution of PM2.5 during 2016 G20 Summit in Hangzhou: Efficacy of radical measures to reduce source emissions

A field campaign was conducted to study the PM_2.5 and atmospheric gases and aerosol's components to evaluate the efficacy of radical measures implemented by the Chinese government to improve air quality during the 2016 G20 Summit in Hangzhou China. The lower level of PM_2.5 (32.48 ± 11.03 µg/m³) observed during the control period compared to pre-control and post-control periods showed that PM_2.5 was alleviated by control policies. Based on the mass concentrations of particulate components, the emissions of PM_2.5 from local sources including fossil fuel, coal combustion, industry and construction were effectively reduced, but non-exhaust emission was not reduced as effectively as expected. The accumulation of SNA (SO₄^2?, NO₃^?, NH₄⁺) was observed during the control period, due to the favourable synoptic weather conditions for photochemical reactions and heterogeneous hydrolysis. Because of transboundary transport during the control period, air masses from remote areas contributed significantly to local PM_2.5. Although, secondary organic carbon (OC_sec) exhibited more sensitivity than primary organic carbon (OC_pri) to control measures, and the increased nitrogen oxidation ratio (NOR) implied the regional transport of aged secondary aerosols to the study area. Overall, the results from various approaches revealed that local pollution sources were kept under control, indicating that the implementation of mitigation measures were helpful in improving the air quality of Hangzhou during G20 summit. To reduce ambient levels of PM_2.5 further in Hangzhou, regional control policies may have to be taken so as to reduce the impact of long-range transport of air masses from inland China.     

生物地质环境与糖尿病的发生

糖尿病是由多种病因引起的糖、蛋白和脂类代谢异常的代谢紊乱性疾病,其发生与发展与生物地质环境密切相关。本文研究了不同地区的糖尿病发病率差异原因以及不同地球化学元素在糖尿病发生发展过程中的作用,认为生物地质环境在糖尿病发生发展过程中起重要作用。根据相同遗传背景的人在不同生物地质环境条件下发病率的差异,提出目前人类糖尿病发病率增加的原因是:片面追求农作物产量,使得谷物、蔬菜和水果中地球化学元素含量降低,进一步引发人类通过食物链从生物地质环境获取地球化学元素绝对量减少以及少量地球化学元素污染生物地质环境引起人体过载。因此,控制人口过快增长,保护环境,实现人类社会与生物地质环境和谐发展,是控制人类糖尿病发病率的关键举措之一。     

基于Google Earth的海域使用管理信息系统的应用 Ⅱ.二次开发篇

建立海域使用管理信息系统的目的是以宗海为管理单元,信息化、规范化用海管理程序,为各级海洋行政管理部门提供准确的基础信息资料。对GE的二次开发和kml文件生成等关键应用技术做了介绍,并以实例展示。通过Google Earth API接口或者kml文件可与业务管理系统交互,形成办公浏览一体化管理信息系统,以此作为"数字海洋"建设的重要内容。     

从载文看《地球与环境》的发展潜力

利用中国知网,统计分析了1979~2008年《地球与环境》改名前后的发文量、被引频次及作者情况,利用中国科技期刊引证报告(核心版)分析了2005~2008年该刊的主要计量指标,探讨了该刊的特色和发展潜力。     

喀喇昆仑-西昆仑地区基性-超基性岩初步考察

本文报道了考察区若干基性-超基性岩体的初步考祭结果。库地岩体属于传统观念的阿尔卑斯型岩体,但与典型蛇绿岩中的变质橄榄岩有所差异;阿卡兹、一些克沟蚀变火山岩可能发育在大洋环境,而晚古生代火山岩大概是在大陆边缘喷出的。本区在新生代时期陆相火山活动相当频繁,其分布规律和岩石特征表明它们与青藏高原的隆升有密切的关系。文中还讨论了昆仑山南侧新生代火山岩喷发的期次。