乌石化炼油厂污泥处理技术现状

介绍了国内外有关含油污泥的处理技术、以及乌石化炼油厂的三泥处理技术进展。     

新型节能环保伴热方式与传统伴热方式的比较和经济分析

从技术性能上介绍石油化工工艺管道电伴热的优势和目前蒸汽伴热的缺陷。并以我公司一套常减压装置渣油线伴熟为例，对两种伴热方式进行比较和经济分析。     

论上海环境与社会经济的协调发展

从环境是资源这一观点出发,论述了环境与社会经济协调发展的必要性。在此基础上,分析了上海10年多来坚持协调发展原则,环境质量恶化趋势得到控制,局部质量有所好转的现状:指出了实现2010年上海环发目标,主要对策措施:建立综合决策机制;纳入国民经济与社会发展计划:较大幅度增加环保投入,加强立法、强调法制和依靠科技进步。     

区域经济发展与环境保护相关性研究

本文运用传统的线性规划理论,对多源因子的区域环境的综合影响定量预测进行了分析,提出了新的思路和方法,为区域经济发展与环境保护相关战略研究提供了依据。     

Application of fuzzy models to assess susceptibility to droughts from a socio-economic perspective

By combining the concepts of environmental stress, state susceptibility and environmental crisis, “Security Diagram” (SD) provides a quantitative approach to assessing environmental change and human security. The SD is a tool that clearly presents in a diagram the security situation of a population or region affected by a particular environmental crisis. Its underlying concept emphasises that the higher the level of environmental stress and socio-economic susceptibility, the higher the probability of the occurrence of crisis. Focusing on drought, this study analyses the susceptibility of case study regions in India, Portugal, and Russia from a socio-economic perspective. A conceptual framework of socio-economic susceptibility is developed based on the economic development theories of modernisation and dependency. Fuzzy set theory is used to generate susceptibility indices from a range of national and sub-national indicators, including financial resources, agricultural dependency and infrastructure development (for economic susceptibility), and health condition, educational attainment and gender inequality (for social susceptibility). Results indicate that socio-economic susceptibility over the period 1980–1995 was highest in India, followed by Russia and (since 1989) lowest in Portugal. Globalisation is likely to contribute to changes in the level of socio-economic susceptibility over time. Moreover, specific social and economic structures unique in each country (e.g., the role of women in society in India, the socialist legacy in Russia) may explain differences in susceptibility between the case study regions.

The value of energy efficiency programs for US residential and commercial buildings in a warmer world

US residential and commercial buildings were responsible for about 41 exajoules (EJ) of primary energy use per year in 2002, accounting for approximately 9% of the world fossil-fuel related anthropogenic carbon (C) emissions of 6.7 Gt that contribute to climate change. US Government-sponsored building energy efficiency research and implementation programs are focused on reducing energy consumption in US residential and commercial buildings and reducing these carbon (C) emissions. Although not specifically intended for adaptation to a warmer climate and less effective than under today’s cooler climate, these programs also could help reduce energy demand in a future warmer world. Warming scenarios projected by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2001 imply net overall decreases in both site energy and primary energy consumption in US residential and commercial buildings, largely because of the reduced need for heating. However, there would be as much as a 25% increase in building space cooling demand and a significant part of the increase could be offset by energy-efficiency improvements in buildings. Overall, in the US, buildings-related energy efficiency programs would reduce site energy consumption in buildings in the US by more than 2 EJ in 2020 and primary energy by more than 3.5 EJ, more than enough to offset the projected growth in cooling energy consumption due to climate change and growth in the US building stock. The savings would have an estimated annual net value at 2005 energy prices of between $45.0 and $47.3 billion to consumers.

Mining manganese nodules: Potential economic and environmental effects ag]

This article examines the economic implications of mining or of not mining manganese nodules and summarizes potential ecological consequences. Apart from possible net economic benefits to certain countries, mining the nodules is not regarded as an economic or strategic necessity. It is concluded that expansion of basic research on oceanfloor ecosystems must be granted high priority. It is in the best interest of developed countries to become signatories of the LOS Convention in order to participate in the development of the regulatory framework and to avoid the antagonism of the international community.     

Synthesis and recommendations of the economic evaluation of OHS interventions at the company level conference

PROBLEM: In today's economic environment, enterprises may not be able to fund every new project aimed at promoting health and safety in the workplace. Company level economic evaluation of interventions can provide guidance in sound business decision-making. The Economic Evaluation of Occupational Health and Safety Interventions at the Company Level Meeting brought together members of the global occupational safety and health community interested in encouraging the use of economic knowledge and tools to evaluate economic gains from occupational health and safety interventions. DISCUSSION: Discussions of the six models presented explored similarities, reliability, and potential use by corporate enterprises, small and medium enterprises, developing and transitioning nations, and economic theorists. Each group provided specific projects that could be pursued to advance knowledge in the area of economic evaluation at the company level. CONCLUSION: This conference established pathway to incorporate economic evaluation of health and safety interventions or programs at the workplace.     

天山北坡经济带经济发展与污染减排潜力以及工业绿色发展策略

天山北坡经济带是"一带一路"倡议中最大的综合经济带之一,其经济与环境协调发展模式可为"一带一路"沿线国家实现区域绿色发展提供借鉴.通过引入区位熵的概念,从空间维度对天山北坡经济带各经济区主导行业进行分析,并采用情景分析方法从时间维度对天山北坡经济带不同经济发展情景下的污染物减排潜力进行分析.结果表明:①区位熵分析结果显示,石化、冶金、食品饮料、纺织服装、煤炭、能源供应等行业是天山北坡经济带的主导行业,占天山北坡经济带工业总产值的84%.②情景分析结果显示,与2014年相比,情景1（现状情景）下天山北坡经济带2020年COD_Cr和SO₂排放量将会增加90.86%和194.26%,情景2（产业结构调整情景）下将分别增加66.48%和84.97%,情景3（科技创新情景）下将分别增加42.34%和113.77%,情景4（生态工业园情景）下则分别降低8.39%和8.77%.③在污染物减排方面,情景4下COD_Cr和SO₂排放量分别较情景1降低52.00%和69.00%.④根据情景分析结果,特别是生态工业园情景下的减排潜力,结合目前天山北坡经济带6个经济区主导行业发展现状,从空间维度、时间维度和产业维度提出天山北坡经济带的工业绿色发展策略,主要包括积极创建生态工业示范园区、发展循环经济、调整产业结构、开展技术创新等.      

基于结构分解法的长江经济带产业排水量驱动因素评估

为分析长江经济带产业排水量变化的驱动因素,以2002年、2007年和2012年长江经济带11省市投入产出表、排水估计量为基础,利用基于投入产出的结构分解法对各省市数据进行比较静态分析,对驱动产业排水量变化的因素进行分解及定量评估,包括节水减排效应、投入结构效应、需求结构效应及规模效应.结果表明:①长江经济带产业排水量由增长趋势变为下降趋势,2002—2007年排水量增长了16.9%,2007—2012年排水量降低了0.4%,2002年、2007年、2012年产业平均耗水率为46%,上海市、江苏省等省市产业排水量下降趋势明显.②规模效应是驱动各省市产业排水增加的主要因素,其在2002—2007年、2007—2012年带动排水量分别增长了67%和61%;规模效应影响逐渐分化,上海市、江苏省、浙江省规模效应带动产业排水量增幅逐渐减弱.③节水减排效应是驱动排水量减少的最主要因素,其在2002—2007年、2007—2012年带动排水量分别减少了35%和60%,节水减排效应影响逐渐增强,各省市排水强度明显降低.④长江经济带大部分省市的需求结构效应驱动产业排水量不断减少,其驱动力的绝对值呈增长趋势;投入结构效应对产业排水量的驱动力较弱且变化规律性不明显.建议长江经济带通过技术进步、应用创新等提高清洁生产能力,通过需求及投入结构优化带动产业结构调整,对进一步降低产业排水量具有一定价值.