我国电子废弃物收集体系构想

解决中国电子废弃物问题,一是控制电子废弃物进入非正式循环利用者手中;二是把非正式循环利用系统纳入良好的电子废弃物管理系统,使之成为更有效和对环境友好的系统.因此,如何把千家万户废弃的电子废弃物有效收集起来,是关系到电子废弃物管理和循环利用的重要环节.在我国建立良好的电子废弃物收集体系,应以市场经济和目前我国“城乡二元经济“为基础,建立具有收集主体多元化、收集方式多样化,收集途径多渠道等特点的电子废弃物收集体系.     

移动通信基站的环境电磁辐射测量与分析

选择设于上海市区及郊区的５座典型移动通信基站，对其一半电磁波辐射强度进行了规范布点监测经数据计算分析及与国家有关电磁辐射防标准比较认为，移动基站周围环境中是磁辐射强度随着离基站天线距离增加大而减少小，在人群可能到达的距天线最近的地方，辐射水平最大值为１．５Ｖ／ｍ，未超过国家标准限值。     

用电絮凝法处理乳品污水的实验研究

利用电凝聚法处理乳品污水 ,通过中试设备进行条件实验得出最佳的实验条件为 :电压 :1 5 .2 V;电流 :1 1 .2 A;p H值 :7.0 ;流量 :1 0 0 /L·h- 1 ;PAM:5 ppm。CODCr去除率可达 92 %     

北京市清洁汽车可持续发展战略与对策研究

在分析北京市清洁车行动实施现状的基础上，提出了北京市清洁汽车行动的基本原则与可持续发展战略及对策。     

Biodiversity and industry ecosystem management

The term biodiversity describes the array of interacting, genetically distinct populations and species in a region, the communities they comprise, and the variety of ecosystems of which they are functioning parts. Ecosystem health, a closely related concept, is described in terms of a process identifying biological indicators, end points, and values. The decline of populations or species, an accelerating trend worldwide, can lead to simplification of ecosystem processes, thus threatening the stability and sustainability of ecosystem services directly relevant to human welfare in the chain of economic and ecological relationships. The challenge of addressing issues of such enormous scope and complexity has highlighted the limitations of ecology-as-science. Additionally, biosphere-scale conflicts seem to lie beyond the scope of conventional economics, leading to differences of opinion about the commodity value of biodiversity and of the services that intact ecosystems provide. In the face of these uncertainties, many scientists and economists have adopted principles that clearly assign burdens of proof to those who would promote the loss of biodiversity and that also establish near-trump (preeminent) status for ecological integrity. Electric utility facilities and operations impact biodiversity whenever construction, operation, or maintenance of generation, delivery, and support facilities alters landscapes and habitats and thereby impacts species. Although industry is accustomed to dealing with broad environmental concerns (such as global warming or acid rain), the biodiversity issue invokes hemisphere-wide, regional, local, and site-specific concerns all at the same time. Industry can proactively address these issues of scope and scale in two main ways: first, by aligning strategically with the broad research agenda put forth by informed scientists and institutions; and second, by supporting focused management processes whose results will contribute incrementally to the broader agenda of rebuilding or maintaining biodiversity.     

Resistance mash welding for joining of copper conductors for electric motors

The automotive industry is developing designs and manufacturing processes for a new generation of electric motors intended for use in hybrid and electric vehicles. This paper is focused on using solid-state welding to join rectangular wires in the fabrication of motor stators. Resistance welding has not typically been applied to copper due to its very high electrical conductivity; however through optimization of the current and pressure profiles, excellent quality copper-to-copper joints have been demonstrated with a technique known as resistance mash welding. A better understanding of resistance mash welding characteristics will help advancements in its application for stators. The limitations of this application will be discussed.     

废弃电池能否进入废弃电器电子产品处理目录（第二批）管理的筛选评估分析

2009年2月,国务院发布《废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理条例》,成为我国废弃电器电子产品回收处理的纲领性文件。在《废弃电器电子产品处理目录（第一批）》中,明确将电视机、电冰箱、洗衣机、房间空调器、微型计算机等5种产品纳入第一批目录。同时,为了为了能够及时、客观地与经济发展、技术进步以及电器电子产品行业的发展变化等相适应,《目录》管理委员会起草了《制订和调整废弃电器电子产品处理目录的若干规定》,明确随着经济发展变化及电子产品废弃形势调整电器电子产品处理目录的原则。废弃电池在近几年来在我国增长速度很大,将来的管理形势十分紧迫。本文在此分析我国几种废弃电池（铅酸电池、镍氢电池及锂电池）的产生量、再生处理处置情况及管理政策导向。并在目录一批筛选原则的基础上利用权重分析法,筛选评估废弃电池能否进入废弃电器电子产品处理目录（第二批）管理的可能,研究显示铅酸电池已具备进入管理目录的资质。     

柴油车尾气颗粒物排放现状评价

对2013年哈尔滨市不同供油方式的柴油车排气细颗粒物或黑碳测量参数—光吸收系数进行了统计分析,结果表明:涡轮增压和自然吸气供油方式光吸收系数均值分别为1.39 m-1和1.27 m-1,超标率分别为5.8%和2.4%,采用颗粒物控制措施及排气装置强制维护降低了颗粒物排放,符合排放标准。     

白炽灯灯丝残骸微观形貌分析

本文模拟火灾中不同情况,制备普通白炽灯破坏的灯丝残骸,利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析灯丝残骸的微观形貌,研究灯丝在不同情况下破坏的特征。发现通电状态下破坏的灯丝氧化严重,与未通电状态的灯丝具有明显的区别。即使经历了高温或火焰灼烧作用后,微观形貌特征仍具有明显的差别。根据这种微观特征可以判断火场中白炽灯的通电状态。     

Effect of pipes in heat pump system on electric vehicle energy saving

ABSTRACT

Refrigerant pressure drop and temperature change in pipes are normally ignored in the thermodynamic analysis of traditional vehicle air conditioning system, this will result in serious errors. In this Paper, pressure drop and temperature difference are simulated in different pipes of electric vehicle (EV) heat pump system to analysis the effects of pipes in the actual EV heat pump system. The results indicate that the greater the mass flow, the faster pressure drop increases, the temperature difference decreases. Pressure drop of saturated liquid refrigerant is smaller than that of saturated gas refrigerant at the same saturation pressure and mass flow rate. The higher the refrigerant pressure (no phase change), the slower pressure drop decreases, the faster the temperature difference decreases. Pressure drop decreases with the increment of bending angle of the pipe. For EV heat pump system, suitable valves and less branches are helpful for energy saving of the system. Shortening the pipe between compressor and condenser can reduce temperature change obviously. Pressure drop per unit length in the pipe between evaporator and compressor is large especially in heating mode because of lower refrigerant density. It even reaches to over 100 times of that in the pipe between condenser and throttle valve in heating mode and has negative effects on the performance of the system. If the evaporator is closer to the compressor and the number of branches is less, then pressure drop will decrease a lot, which will be advantageous for energy saving of the heat pump system.