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61.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):656-667
As an active metabolite of venlafaxine and emerging antidepressant, O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODVEN) was widely detected in different water bodies, which caused potential harm to human health and environmental safety. In this study, the comparative work on the ODVEN degradation by UV (254 nm) and UV-LED (275 nm) activated sodium percarbonate (SPC) systems was systematically performed. The higher removal rate of ODVEN can be achieved under UV-LED direct photolysis (14.99%) than UV direct photolysis (4.57%) due to the higher values of photolysis coefficient at the wavelength 275 nm. Significant synergistic effects were observed in the UV/SPC (80.38%) and UV-LED/SPC (53.57%) systems and the former exhibited better performance for the elimination of ODVEN. The degradation of ODVEN all followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics well in these processes, and the pseudo-first-order rate constant (kobs) increased with increasing SPC concentration. Radicals quenching experiments demonstrated that both ·OH and CO3·− were involved in the degradation of ODVEN and the second-order rate constant of ODVEN with CO3·− (1.58 × 108 (mol/L)−1 sec−1) was reported for the first time based on competitive kinetic method. The introduction of HA, Cl−, NO3− and HCO3− inhibited the ODVEN degradation to varying degrees in the both processes. According to quantum chemical calculation, radical addition at the ortho-position of the phenolic hydroxyl group was confirmed to be the main reaction pathways for the oxidation of ODVEN by ·OH. In addition, the oxidation of ODVEN may involve the demethylation, H-abstraction, OH-addition and C-N bond cleavage. Eventually, the UV-LED/SPC process was considered to be more cost-effective compared to the UV/SPC process, although the UV/SPC process possessed a higher removal rate of ODVEN. 相似文献
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63.
采用ELPI自动监测方法与手工采样-重量法对环境空气PM2.5监测进行现场比对研究,按照两种方法数据的相对偏差来评价ELPI方法的数据质量。实验结果表明,两种方法数据的相对偏差范围为-12.9%~17.4%,加权平均值为3.0%;相对偏差的绝对值范围为1.1%~17.4%,平均值为9.3%。 ELPI法的数据质量总体较好,方法的准确度尚可。只是随着空气PM2.5浓度测定值的升高,ELPI法与重量法相对偏差的绝对值显著减小,可见,在低浓度下,ELPI法的数据质量相对较差,此时方法的准确度有待进一步验证、提高。 相似文献
64.
改进环境影响评价制度监督管理方法的几点考虑 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
改进环境影响评价制度监督管理方法的几点考虑罗崇富SUGGESTIONOFIMPROVINGSUPERVISIONANDMANAGEMENTOFEIASYSTEM¥LuoChongfu(XinjiangEnvironmentMonitoringCent... 相似文献
65.
电导率的测定与质量监督工作 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
电导率、矿化度和总硬度密切相关。由此电导率的测定值可用来检验矿化度和总硬度测定值的准确性,加强质量控制,本文指出,电导率的测定应作为水样的首测项目。 相似文献
66.
探地雷达—电法—化探技术在地下排污管网探测工程中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍探地雷达-电法化探技术的基本原理及应用于齐鲁石化公司地下排污管线进行测漏的工程实例。 相似文献
67.
在微机数据库管理系统中,运行一自编程序,进行试验数据的处理及试验报告的自动打印.使用该程序处理试验数据,不仅速度快,而且内容准确、规范,可大大地提高工作效率. 相似文献
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The microscopic characteristics of melting trace caused by copper wire fault are an important basis for the physical evidence identification of electrical fires. Metallography is an important method in electrical fire research, and computer-aided quantitative analysis on metallographic structure is common in materials aspect. In this study, the metallographic structure and phase composition characteristics of melting trace caused by overcurrent fault were explored with the aid of a metallographic microscope and an X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The results show that the grains are mainly slender dendritic and columnar crystals when the current is 128 A, while they are coarse dendritic and cellular crystals when the current is greater than 192 A; the average grain diameter of melting trace of copper wire grows with the increase in current. The main phases of melting trace caused by overcurrent fault of copper wire are α-Cu base and Cu2O, and the new phases Cu4Si and Cu2Mg are formed when the current is higher than 160 A. In addition, the solidification process of metallographic structure of copper wire under different currents was simulated by the Procast software. It is found that the simulation results are basically in agreement with the experimental data, which suggests that this model can effectively predict the microstructure characteristics of melting trace of copper wire under different currents. The research results can provide a sound basis for the physical evidence identification of electrical fire and improve the accuracy and scientificity of electrical fire investigation. 相似文献
70.
针对长江口北支近20多年来咸潮超常上溯的状况,通过现场调查监测及与文献资料对比,分析了咸潮上溯对水源地供水水质、河口区河道水质和地下水水质的影响。结果表明,长江口北支咸潮上溯对北支水环境影响主要在于入侵时水体中电导率和氯化物浓度急剧升高,一定程度上影响了北支沿线水源地的供水功能。咸潮对现有水质评价体系下的水质类别影响尚不明显,但高氯离子对化学需氧量的测定有明显的干扰。由于受堤围和水闸控制,咸潮期间入江闸门普遍关闭,导致间接水环境影响,主要集中在入海主河道。部分区域咸潮上溯严重时氯化物浓度升高,水质已不能满足农田灌溉需求。北支沿线启东市24%的地下水采样点氯化物浓度已属轻度入侵水,采样区域已属于海水轻度入侵范围。 相似文献