安全工程专业生产实习模式探讨与实践

生产实习作为安全工程专业教学计划的重要环节,有助于培养学生的工程意识、应用能力和创新能力.基于中国石油大学(华东)在安全工程专业生产实习的实践教学环节上所做的探索性工作,对如何有效提高该环节的培养效果进行了分析和总结.     

注水泥塞清洁生产工艺研究与现场应用

在油田井下作业过程中,常对油井的高含水层或报废井实施封堵,这种传统的施工工艺存在一些不足之处。引入清洁生产理念,提出了用钢丝绳将水泥浆送入井筒中预定位置的施工工艺,即无管柱注水泥塞工艺。该工艺不需要水泥车等特种车辆的配合,不会发生井下开关操作失误造成的事故,比传统注灰工艺节约作业周期3/4以上。另外,该工艺从源头上实施了清洁生产措施,操作简单,经济效益较高,在油田修井作业系统有推广价值。     

Environmental concern, attitude toward frugality, and ease of behavior as determinants of pro-environmental behavior intentions

This study investigates relations between environmental concern, attitude toward frugality, perceived ease of behavior, and stated intentions to engage in four different types of pro-environmental behavior, i.e., reductions in electricity and gas use, garbage, and automobile use, using data from 341 Japanese respondents. Environmental concern, attitude toward frugality and perceived ease of implementation were considered possible determinants. A structural equation analysis indicated that perceived ease of implementation had effects for all of the pro-environmental behaviors. It also indicated that environmental concern had a positive effect solely for garbage reduction, while attitude toward frugality had positive effects for gas and electricity reduction. For automobile use reduction, neither environmental concern nor attitude toward frugality had significant effects. The relationship between attitude toward frugality and mottainai, that is a Japanese concept indicating respect for resources, is then discussed, and it is suggested that educating people to have not only a high level of environmental concern but also a positive attitude toward frugality would be an effective means of promoting pro-environmental behavior.     

安全教育在生产及教学中的重要性

本文通过在生产实践中发现的人的不安全行为及不安全因素，认识到安全教育的重要性，推想到安全教育在教学课程中的设置问题。     

生态工业的建立和发展

党的十五大把环境保护问题作为基本国策,并强调:“正确处理经济发展同人口、资源、环境的关系”,这表明生态问题已经引起高度重视。建立和发展生态工业已成为当前一项重要任务,本文在介绍生态工业定义的基础上,说明了建立和发展生态工业的必要性及其如何建立和发展生态工业。     

The Area Production Model: a tool and concept for sustainable land-use and forest-resource management

In developing countries, planning in the forestry sector has been seen as an appropriate instrument to prepare and implement government policies and programs. Despite its potential and recent advancements in, for example, remote sensing and infrastructure, tropical forest land-use planning is often formal and non-integrated with agriculture. It rarely involves all legitimate stakeholders and neglects taking into account actual land-use. The socio-economic and environmental consequences of these shortcomings emphasise the need for alternative ways of approaching planning. This article summarises the idea, structure and current status of the Area Production Model (APM), originally developed in the 1980s, which is now gaining interest as a land-use planning tool in Africa and Asia. It describes the development over time of production and consumption in agriculture and forestry within a defined geographical area operating under different assumptions on management, land use and socio-economic and macro-economic changes. From a narrow perspective, the APM is a fairly simple computerised tool for generating scenarios. In a broad sense, it is a concept comprising the whole planning process including organisation, inventory, data analysis, consensus building and strategy. A case-study in Laos, based on verified data for a historical period of 45 years, and a review of different APM applications in the world over the last 15 years are presented as a base for conclusions about its potential and shortcomings. In some cases where the APM concept was used in training courses and planning exercises involving stakeholders, it generated a strong interest in collecting and analysing relevant information. It provides the means of addressing a number of shortcomings in current planning.     

总程平衡治理技术处理饮料废水工艺

对可乐废水采用总程平衡治理技术,经调查、试验与计算,对废水实行动态的分流．将占总水量不足２％ 的浓废水进行厌氧处理,去除占ＣＯＤ总量７０％ 以上的污染物,使好氧处理负荷降低．根据费用计算中所作假设,在其它条件不变的情况下,总程平衡治理工艺吨水处理能耗可比常规好氧治理工艺节省４８％ ．     

浅议企业安全管理

安全生产是发展市场经济的客观要求,是企业持续、快速、健康发展的重要保证.各企业必须认真分析、研究本企业安全生产中的新老问题,结合本单位的实际,制定科学的措施,搞好企业安全生产.     

破碎筛分厂的粉尘污染及其治理

介绍了我国破碎筛分厂的粉尘污染现状、治理方法和治理效果.通过对粉尘污染的治理,改善了矿山工人的作业环境,实现清洁生产,降低了职业病的发病率.     

安全生产标准化的实施与效果

介绍了太原钢铁集团第二轧钢厂开展安全生产标准化工作的几点做法及经验。