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11.
重庆的能源利用与大气污染 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
文章分析了大气污染和酸雨对重庆生态环境产生的危害。研究表明,重庆的大气污染主要由燃煤导致,控制大气污染的对策应与能源发展规划相协调,只有降低煤炭使用比例才能使重庆乃至我国的大气污染物排放量做到根本性消减,要把调整能源结构提到能源发展战略的高度 相似文献
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济南炼油厂新建污水处理场采用目前国内石化系统污水处理先进技术,对设备,构筑物等进行实际运行标定。尤其是设备改造,提出作者的见解,同时对污水处理问题进行探讨。 相似文献
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Helmut Haberl Christoph Plutzar Karl-Heinz Erb Veronika Gaube Martin Pollheimer Niels B. Schulz 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2005,110(3-4):119-131
The relationship between land-use induced changes in production ecology and avifauna diversity was analysed using a GIS land cover dataset on a 0.25 km × 0.25 km grid covering Austria's national territory. Considering only aboveground processes, the “human appropriation of net primary production” (HANPP = potential NPP − NPPt), actual NPP (NPPact), harvest (NPPh) and NPPt (= NPPact − harvest) were recalculated based on existing datasets. Elevation as well as indicators of land cover heterogeneity and landscape heterogeneity were also considered. Correlation analyses were performed between these potential determinants of avifauna diversity and breeding bird species richness data as well as the percentage of endangered breeding birds included in the Austrian red list. Four spatial scales—0.25 km × 0.25 km, 1 km × 1 km, 4 km × 4 km and 16 × 16 km, were analysed. It was shown that breeding bird species richness was more strongly correlated with production ecological indicators and elevation than with heterogeneity indicators. A residual analysis in which the effect of elevation (a proxy for climate) on species richness and its potential determinants was removed confirmed the importance of the availability of trophic energy (NPP) for bird diversity patterns. The results support the species-energy hypothesis, thus confirming the notion that HANPP could be a useful pressure indicator for biodiversity loss. 相似文献
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在系统分析与初期实施的基础上,通过计算机仿真技术对后期~2010年提出进一步综合开发治理规划,并对规划实施的支撑条件进行了研究,这些研究丘陵农村的发展提供了具有参考意义的信息资料。 相似文献
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Recent developments of surface complexation models applied to environmental aquatic chemistry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1 BackgroundIngeochemicalcirculation ,variouspollutantswithadverseimpacts (e .g .,toxicity ,mutagenicityandlethality)areusuallyassociatedwithheterogeneousparticles,predominantlyclayminerals .Generally ,thepropertiesofthesecomplexparticlesshouldbedescribedusin… 相似文献
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氧化塘不但可以低费用的降解废水,而且可以提供有用的生物量,其关键是进行合理的设计、操作和去除污泥.本文综合国外的文献资料,提出合理的设计和操作方案,并且引用国外试验者开发的预测模型;同时提出操作过程加入适当的CaCl2化学添加剂可以促进藻类生物量的絮凝,以保证出水的质量和提供可利用的生物量. 相似文献
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This paper introduces graphical strategies for the design of an evaporation/crystallization network for ternary wastewater environmental applications. Sources, sinks and other streams are located on a ternary composition diagram. While a source is any wastewater stream that has the potential to be recycled, a sink is any unit in the process that can accept sources. The proposed methodology is extremely simple to understand and implement, as it only requires basic solid-liquid phase equilibria data and uses lever arm principles to generate alternative process designs. Geometric constructions are carried out on the ternary composition diagram and the respective lever arms are used to determine intermediate flow rates in the evaporation/crystallization network. The relative locations and flow rates of the sources and sinks under consideration, as well as the unique shape of the solid-liquid equilibrium, drive the design of the separation (via evaporation/crystallization) network. Some generic structures are proposed for a typical evaporation and crystallization network. Once the general problem statement has been defined, special cases consisting of a single source-single sink, single source-two sinks and two sources-single sink are described. These special cases are representative of commonly occurring industrial wastewater design problems. Several graphical insights are listed that allow one to represent evaporation and crystallization operations on a ternary triangular composition diagram and avoid mathematical complexity. The possibility of bypassing a part of the initial feed streams is also considered. Certain feasible composition regions are identified on the ternary composition diagram for cases dealing with multiple sources and sinks. The methodology is useful in pre-screening and eliminating certain sources/sinks and is readily applicable to cases with lower number of sources and sinks. A case study involving the ammonium nitrate manufacturing process is included to demonstrate the broad applicability and value of the proposed approach. 相似文献
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