瑞士电子废物生产者责任延伸制度

通过研究瑞士推行的生产者责任延伸制度原则下的各相关方的责任和组织形式,电子废物收集和再生利用的ARF资金系统和监督管理方式,总结出瑞士电子废物管理取得的成功经验,并提出我国电子废物回收管理的建议。     

推行安全责任主体考核提高HSE管理水平

结合中国石化高桥分公司推行HSE体系的实践,提出了一系列加强安全管理,提高全体员工HSE意识和理念,并对其安全行为进行约束、规范、考核和纠正的措施.     

一种新型清洁能源设备——ZJM型自净化煤气发生炉

ZJM型自净化煤气发生炉由于其特殊的工作原理具有操作简单、污染排放少、煤种适应性强、煤气成分好等特点,经测试,显示其基本无污染。     

环境侵权民事责任诉讼时效制度分析

环境侵权民事责任诉讼时效制度对于保障环境侵权受害人的利益有着重要作用。对我国现行环境侵权民事责任诉讼时效制度作出分析 ,指出其不足 ,并提出建议。     

第三方逆向物流在WEEE处理中的应用

概述了中国废弃家用电器与电子产品产生现状,分析了其环境危害性,指出了目前无序回收处理存在污染环境、浪费资源等问题。参照发达国家对废弃电子电器设备的管理,针对中国实际情况,分析第三方逆向物流回收模式在废弃电子设备中的应用。鉴于中国国家环保总局公布的《点子废物污染环境防治管理办法》,结合第三方逆向物流回收模式的优劣比较,得出最适合中国国情的第三方物流模式。同时国家也积极展开了回收试点工作,并鼓励其他公司为中国的环境管理事业作出贡献。     

环境污染纠纷行政处理制度存在的问题及完善

目前，环境污染纠纷行政处理制度存在受理范围概念不清，与污染事故混淆,责任认定性质不明确等问题，应当扩大受理范围、分清污染事故与纠纷的性质，确认赔偿责任认定的法律效力，以进一步完善环境污染纠纷行政处理制度。     

建筑施工环境污染民事责任归责原则

建筑施工产生噪声、粉尘、振动等环境污染。因施工单位、建设单位分属不同主体，对其在承担环境污染民事责任方面的存在的不同认识。应根据法定情节确定由建设单位承担责任或由建筑施工单位承担责任或两者承担连带责任。     

沈阳经济技术开发区管委会建立环境管理体系的环境责任分析

介绍了沈阳经济技术开发区管委会为建立 ISO140 0 0环境管理体系对主要机构的职责和环境责任进行识别的目的 ;概述了管委会各主要机构职责并对照 ISO140 0 1标准分析了其环境责任。本文认为 ,管委会所属职能部门的机构职责、环境责任与 ISO140 0 1标准对照 ,完全可以在此基础上建立一套环境管理体系 ,以规范政府部门的行政管理活动 ,树立政府新形象 ,增强招商引资力度     

Child passengers and driver culpability in fatal crashes by driver gender

Objective: Studies based on accident statistics generally suggest that the presence of a passenger reduces adult drivers' accident risk. However, passengers have been reported to be a source of distraction in a remarkable portion of distraction-related crashes. Although the effect of passengers on driving performance has been studied extensively, few studies have focused on how a child passenger affects the driver.

?A child in a car is a potential distractor for parents, especially for mothers of small children, who often suffer from sleep deficit. The aim of this study was to examine how the presence of child passengers of different ages is associated with a higher driver culpability, which was expected due to child-related distraction and fatigue.

Methods: The analysis was based on the comprehensive data of fatal crashes studied in-depth by multidisciplinary road accident investigation teams in Finland during 1988–2012. Teams determine the primary party who had the most crucial effect on the origin of the event. We define the primary party as culpable and the others involved as nonculpable drivers. The culpability rate was defined as the percentage of culpable drivers and rates were compared for drivers with a child/teen passenger aged 0–17 years (N = 348), with an adult passenger without children (N = 324), and when driving alone (N = 579), grouped by child age and driver gender.

?Drivers with specific risk-related behavior (substantial speeding, driving when intoxicated, unbelted, or without a license) were excluded from the analyses, in order to make the drivers with and without children comparable. Only drivers 26–47 years old were included, representing parents with children 0–9 years of age.

Results: Male drivers were less often culpable with 0- to 17-year-old passengers in the car than alone or with adults. This was not the case with female drivers. The gender difference in culpability was most marked with small children age 0–4 years. Female drivers' culpability rate with a 0- to 4-year-old child passenger was higher and male drivers' culpability rate was lower compared to drivers without passengers or with only adult passengers.

Conclusion: The results indicate that female drivers are at higher risk of crashes than male drivers when driving with small children. Further research is needed to replicate this finding and to determine causal mechanisms.     

Portrayal of sustainability principles in the mission statements and on home pages of the world's largest organizations

Conservation can be achieved only if sustainability is embraced as core to organizational cultures. To test the extent to which the related concepts of sustainability, conservation, response to climate change, poverty alleviation, and gender equity have been incorporated into organizational culture, we compared mission statements published from 1990 to 2000 with those published in 2014 for 150 organzations, including conservation nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), aid NGOs, government development agencies, resource extraction companies, and retailers (30 in each category). We also analyzed the 2014 home web pages of each organization. Relative to the earlier period, the frequency with which mission statements mentioned poverty alleviation, biodiversity conservation, and a range of sustainable practices increased only slightly by 2014, particularly among resource extractors and retail companies. Few organizations in any sector had embedded either climate change or gender equity into their mission statements. In addition, the proportional intensity with which any of the aspirations were expressed did not change between periods. For current home pages, conservation NGOs, resource extractors, and government agencies were significantly more likely to acknowledge the importance of matters that were not part of their core business, but few aid agencies or retail companies promoted goals beyond alleviation of crises and profit maximization, respectively. Overall, there has been some progress in recognizing poverty alleviation, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable practices, but gender equity and a determination to reduce impacts on climate change are still rarely promoted as central institutional concerns. Sustainability in general, and biodiversity conservation in particular, will not be achieved unless their importance is more widely apparent in core communication products of organizations.