Wood Modification Effects on Weathering of HDPE-Based Wood Plastic Composites

The effects of weathering on the constituents of wood and polymer matrix behavior in wood plastic composites (WPCs) were investigated. WPCs were produced from pine, extractives-free pine, and pine holocellulose fibers (60%) together with HDPE (40%). These composites were subjected to xenon-arc accelerated and outside weathering for a total of 1200 h and 120 days, respectively. The color and chemical changes that occurred on the surface of the WPCs were analyzed using a set of analytical techniques. For pine and extractive-free pine filled composites, the results showed that the total color change, lightness, and oxidation increased, while the lignin content decreased. In addition, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and number average molecular weight (Mn) of extracted HDPE decreased with an increase in exposure time of the composites. However, HDPE crystallinity increased with longer exposure time. Lightness of holocellulose-based WPC changed the least while the change in its HDPE crystallinity was not significant compared to the other composite types. Therefore, holocellulose-based WPC may be preferred for applications where color stability is of high priority.     

TiO2膜光催化降解4，4’-二溴联苯的研究

研究了负载于玻璃上的固定化催化剂TiO2膜光催化降解水中4,4’-二溴联苯（4,4’-DBB）的效果,考察了溶液pH值和4,4’-DBB初始浓度等对TiO2膜光催化降解4,4’-DBB的影响,探讨了降解机理。结果表明,TiO2膜光催化降解水中4,4’-DBB的效果良好,紫外光照射8h,初始浓度为4mg／L的4,4’-DBB的降解率高达94％,降解速率随着4,4’-DBB初始浓度的增大而下降。在溶液pH：1时,4,4’-DBB的降解效率最高。超声的加入使降解反应的速率加快。经拟合发现4,4’-DBB的降解符合拟一级反应规律,并推导出动力学方程。     

厌氧附着膜膨胀床处理白酒废水启动实验的研究

对用颗粒活性炭作为载体的AAFEB反应器处理白酒废水的启动实验进行了研究。结果表明：在采用恒定进水COD浓度和pH的条件下,通过不断提高温度到35℃,缩短水力停留时间至8 h,维持床层膨胀率在18%～20%,经36 d反应器成功启动,此时反应器有机容积负荷6 kg COD/（m3.d）,COD去除率达到82.9%,容积...     

Representative measurement of two-dimensional reactive phosphate distributions and co-distributed iron(II) and sulfide in seagrass sediment porewaters

The high degree of heterogeneity within sediments can make interpreting one-dimensional measurements difficult. The recent development and use of in situ techniques that measure two-dimensional distributions of porewater solutes have facilitated investigation of the role of spatial heterogeneity in sediment biogeochemistry. A colourimetric diffusive equilibration in thin films method has been developed that allows two-dimensional, high-resolution measurement of reactive phosphate in sediment porewaters. A method detection limit of 0.22 μM, an effective upper limit of ∼1000 μM and relative standard deviations typically below 5% were achieved. This method was evaluated by deployment in seagrass (Zostera capricorni) colonised sediments, as part of combined probes with similar colourimetric methods for sulfide and iron(II). The two-dimensional, high resolution distributions obtained provide a highly representative measurement of the co-distributions of porewater solutes, allowing heterogeneous features and biogeochemical processes to be observed and interpreted. Microniches of high phosphate concentration >100 μM were observed throughout the distributions and were interpreted to be due to localised zones of rapid organic matter mineralisation, possibly using electron acceptors other than iron(III) oxyhydroxides (e.g. aerobic respiration) as often they did not correspond with microniches of higher Fe(II) concentration.     

高陡岩质边坡抗震稳定性的三维有限元分析

岩质边坡在地震作用下稳定性的计算一般采用拟静力法和有限单元法,拟静力法因应用简便而得到大量应用,至今广泛应用于边坡的抗震计算。建立了某溢洪道引渠左侧整体边坡三维有限元模型,选用ADINA软件并采用拟静力法对三维模型进行了抗震稳定性计算和分析,结合有限元分析的结果,提出溢洪道引渠左侧整体边坡抗震措施和建议。     

羽毛不可溶角蛋白海绵膜对Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附性能

通过冷冻干燥,将还原法产生的凝胶状不可溶蛋白制备成具有致密孔隙的海绵膜,无需预处理和无交联剂,并研究了其对Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附性能。结果表明,在60℃、固液比12．5g／L、初始浓度100mg／L下最大吸附量为148．8mg／g,吸附过程符合Langmuir型和Freundlich型等温吸附模型,为吸热过程,物理吸附和化学吸附均起到重要作用。     

Phthalates and perfluorinated alkylated substances in Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) specimens from Mediterranean Sea (Sardinia,Italy): Levels and risks for human consumption

Atlantic blue fin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) is a species of great importance for Mediterranean Sea area, from both ecological and commercial points of view. The scientific literature reports few data on the contamination of this fish by emerging organic compounds such as perfluorinated alkylated substances(PFASs) and phthalates, being the latter never been studied in tuna. This study therefore investigated the presence of the PFASs perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) and perfluoroctanoic acid (PFOA) and the phthalate di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), also monitored by its metabolite mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate(MEHP), to assess both the state of contamination of Atlantic bluefin tuna specimen and the risk due to the toxicity of these compounds for human consumption. While PFOA was never found, detectable levels of PFOS (0.4–1.88 ng/g), DEHP (9–14.62 ng/g) and MEHP (1.5–6.30 ng/g) were found. The results were elaborated relating the accumulation to the size and age of the individuals and showed a correlation between the levels of different pollutants investigated.     

光纤传导可见光降解亚甲基蓝

针对浓度大、色度高的印染废水难以处理的情况,选用加入光纤的光催化体系进行研究。采用溶胶凝胶法制备了Ag+/TiO2粉体光催化剂,用固体紫外可见光谱、X射线衍射对其进行表征。选用亚甲基蓝溶液作为目标降解物,评价了Ag+/TiO2在可见光下的光催化活性。分别考察了加入石英芯侧光光纤与塑料侧光光纤反应体系下,催化剂量、光纤数量、光照强度和pH值等因素对亚甲基蓝降解实验的影响。结果表明,选用20 mg/L的亚甲基蓝,采用催化剂量为11.67 g/L,500根侧光光纤,300 W的外部光源,pH值约为11时,光催化降解效果最佳,均能达到90%以上。     

鸡毛不溶解蛋白海绵膜的制备与表征

通过冷冻干燥,将羽毛还原法残渣制成表面光滑、有弹性、孔隙致密、柔韧性高的海绵膜,不需预处理也无需添加交联剂,并通过傅立叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、元素分析、示差扫描量热仪(DSC)和透气性测量仪对膜进行表征。在最佳甘油含量下,膜均匀平整,在160℃以内性质稳定,透气量368 mm/s,在医药、生物、纺织、环境及日化领域都具有很大的应用潜力。     

汗液作用下铝合金眼镜架腐蚀失效分析

通过金相分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察和能谱分析等检测方法,对某铝合金/硫酸阳极氧化膜眼镜架在汗液环境中的腐蚀失效行为进行了失效分析,结果表明:铝合金/酸阳极氧化膜在汗液环境中发生了严重的腐蚀,腐蚀形式以点蚀为主,局部出现裂纹,腐蚀均发生在阳极氧化膜完整性发生缺陷的部位,铝合金基体在晶界上优先发生腐蚀,点蚀坑生长和裂纹扩展均沿晶界进行;阳极氧化膜完整的区域,阳极氧化膜腐蚀不明显.