生物膜法降解甲苯废气过程的探讨

采用陶粒为填料的生物滤池降解甲苯废气，并对清水试验和生物膜试验的结果进行分析，发现生物膜法降解甲苯这样的挥发性有机物（VOCs)具有良好的效果，已不再是清水试验中单纯的物理吸收过程，而是伴有生化反应的吸收过程，是以气膜控制为主的传质过程。     

Biodegradation of Injection Molded Starch-Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Blends in a Natural Compost Environment

Injection molded specimens were prepared by blending poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV) with cornstarch. Blended formulations incorporated 30% or 50% starch in the presence or absence of poly-(ethylene oxide) (PEO), which enhances the adherence of starch granules to PHBV. These formulations were evaluated for their biodegradability in natural compost by measuring changes in physical and chemical properties over a period of 125 days. The degradation of plastic material, as evidenced by weight loss and deterioration in tensile properties, correlated with the amount of starch present in the blends (neat PHBV < 30% starch < 50% starch). Incorporation of PEO into starch-PHBV blends had little or no effect on the rate of weight loss. Starch in blends degraded faster than PHBV and it accelerated PHBV degradation. Also, PHBV did not retard starch degradation. After 125 days of exposure to compost, neat PHBV lost 7% of its weight (0.056% weight loss/day), while the PHBV component of a 50% starch blend lost 41% of its weight (0.328% weight loss/day). PHB and PHV moieties within the copolymer degraded at similar rates, regardless of the presence of starch, as determined by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy. GPC analyses revealed that, while the number average molecular weight (Mn) of PHBV in all exposed samples decreased, there was no significant difference in this decrease between neat PHBV as opposed to PHBV blended with starch. SEM showed homogeneously distributed starch granules embedded in a PHBV matrix, typical of a filler material. Starch granules were rapidly depleted during exposure to compost, increasing the surface area of the PHBV matrix.     

农场给水处理方法探讨

农场供水是一种特殊给水,供水管道中的“结垢”现象是处理的难题,本文在调查分析的基础上,比较几种处理方法,提出药剂软化法,并施以相应的工程,使其达标排放。     

曝气生物滤池去除有机物与反应常数及膜厚的关系

推导了BAF前置反硝化工艺简化动力学模型,揭示了BAF去除有机物与反应速率常数与膜厚的关系。同时以生物膜中活性物质与非活性物质增长生物数学模型体系为基础,从理论上推导了BAF最佳膜厚的范围。     

温州沿海大型塑料垃圾排放特征研究

通过调查温州滨海地区近岸海上渔业、航运码头、滨海旅游及餐饮业等行业塑料垃圾的排放,分析行业区域塑料垃圾赋存特征,并初步估算各行业塑料垃圾排放量.结果表明：海上渔业活动区中,以避风塘渔港（S4）塑料垃圾占比最高（91.68%）,且以聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯和聚丙烯塑料为主,而东沙渔港（S2）和霞关海水养殖区（S6）以聚苯乙烯泡沫为主,占比分别为26.75%和23.66%.海滩餐饮活动区的塑料垃圾最少,塑料垃圾占比为33.13%.各活动区塑料垃圾的主要类型有塑料袋、塑料瓶、塑料盒、塑料管及破碎的塑料块.据估算,海上渔业活动区与滨海旅游区年排放塑料垃圾量约为1.21×10⁴t/a.为从根本上防治海洋塑料垃圾和海洋微塑料污染,需首先对沿海各行业的塑料垃圾排放源头加强管理,如海水养殖与海洋捕捞活动.     

Influences of working pressure on properties for TiO2 films deposited by DC pulse magnetron sputtering

TiO2 films were deposited at room temperature by DC pulse magnetron sputtering system.The crystalline structures,morphological features and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 films were systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD),atomic force microscopy and ultraviolet spectrophotometer,respectively.The results indicated that the working pressure was the key deposition parameters influencing the TiO2 film phase composition at room temperature,which directly affected its photocatalytic activity.With increasing the working pressure,the target self-bias decreases monotonously.Therefore,low temperature TiO2 phase (anatase) could be deposited with high working pressure.The anatase TiO2 films deposited with 1.4 Pa working pressure displayed the highest photocatalytic activity by decomposition of Methyl Orange solution,which the degradation rate reached the maximum (35%) after irradiation by ultraviolet light for 1 h.     

塑料玩具中邻苯二甲酸酯类环境激素检测方法研究

文章建立了一种对塑料玩具中5种邻苯二甲酸酯类物质同时分离和检测的高效液相色谱分析法。以shim-pack VP-ODS(4.6mm×150mm,5μm)为分离柱;以甲醇-水(体积比:90:10)为流动相,流速:1.0mL/min,检测波长:230nm。该方法所测得的5种邻苯二甲酸酯类物质在0.5～1000mg/L内具有良好的线性,相关系数r=0.9996,检出限达0.34～0.96μg/L,平均回收率在93.00%～105.23%。在对样品提取和纯化的基础上,对塑料玩具中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质进行了分析,结果令人满意。     

Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange over ITO/CdS/ZnO interface composite films

ITO/CdS/ZnO interface composite films were successfully prepared by subsequent electrodeposition of CdS and ZnO onto indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates. The obtained ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films were investigated using methyl orange (MO) as a model organic compound under UV light irradiation. The influence of operating parameters on MO degradation including initial concentration of MO, pH value of solution, and inorganic anion species over the composite films were examined. A blue shift of absorption threshold was observed for the ITO/CdS/ZnO film in comparison with ITO/ZnO film. ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films prepared under specific conditions showed a higher photocatalytic activity than that of ITO/ZnO films. It was also found that the photocatalytic degradation of MO on the composite filing followed pseudo-first order kinetics.     

太阳电池阵基板原子氧防护膜试验评价研究

对太阳电池阵基板用涂有有机硅／SiO2杂化涂层的Kapton膜进行的工程化应用试验评价研究进行了介绍。通过真空下材料的出气试验,对材料的总质量损失（TML）和可凝挥发物（CVCM）进行了测试。进行了温度冲击试验、粒子辐照试验,对涂层的环境耐受性进行了研究。通过原子氧试验,对带涂层薄膜的原子氧剥蚀率进行了研究。此外还对涂层薄膜进行了力学性能试验和粘接性能试验,对带涂层薄膜的拉伸强度、胶接剪切性能及与基板胶接后的剥离性能进行了测试。试验结果表明防护涂层满足工程应用的技术要求。     

基于风险的中国电影产业安全管理初探

随着我国电影产业的发展,各种安全事故层出不穷,电影产业的安全生产已经是一个无法回避的问题。在分析电影产业安全事故特点的基础上,结合风险预警理论,系统地探讨了电影产业安全风险管理的基本框架,对提高电影产业安全生产水平提出了建议。