控制爆破拆除工程中的安全管理

控制爆破拆除工程是一项危险性极高的工作,因此对工程从设计到施工进行全过程的安全管理是十分重要的。以《爆破安全规程》为基础,提出了一套行之有效的安全管理方法,并通过实例对该安全管理方法的实施作了详细论述。     

浅谈公路建设与环境保护

分析了公路规划、设计、施工及运营阶段对环境影响因素，及如何对已完成项目进行环境影响调查和待建项目进行环境影响评价，并简要介绍了一些行之有效的环保方法．     

安全的公路通向安全的未来——美国公路安全改进计划（HSIP）自评工具概述

本文主要介绍了美国公路安全改进计划（HSIP）的制定背景及其自评工具在领导、管理、规划、实施、评价方面的详细内容和实施方法。同时也描述了如何分析评价结果和制定行动计划，从而最大限度地保障人民群众的生命和财产安全。     

Landowner Satisfaction with the Wetlands Reserve Program in Wisconsin

We evaluated ecological monitoring data and landowner perceptions to the federally funded Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP) in a three-county region in Wisconsin. We surveyed landowner satisfaction, involvement, participation, and use of the WRP restoration sites. We found that landowners are satisfied with the overall program (mean, 3.6 ± 0.2 [SE], on a scale of 1–5, with 5 being completely satisfied). WRP restorations significantly increased the area of wetland within the sites surveyed, the increase was primarily of fresh meadow (736.32 ha after restoration). Satisfaction is related to landowner participation during restoration and to the economic incentives provided by the WRP, Landowner satisfaction and the number of plant communities after restoration are unrelated to each other or to restoration and easement costs per hectare. Survey participants recommended some changes to the WRP, including a reduction in the tax rate of land enrolled in the WRP, approval for permanent deer stands, and increased communication with WRP officials during the restoration. Monitoring information collected for WRP restoration sites does not allow assessment of whether WRP sites are functionally equivalent to natural sites. We suggest that the WRP require a more rigorous monitoring program, including guidelines for invasive species control. Managers should also encourage collaborations with external researchers and consider restorations within an experimental framework.     

Canadian mineral policy debated : Industry reaction to a major federal initiative

The debate on mineral policy between the Canadian federal government and the mining industry is reviewed and policy-making emerges as necessarily an adversarial process. The Canadian federal system provides major obstacles to the formulation of a national mineral policy but does not exclude it. It is argued that industry should play a more pro-active part in mineral policy formulation, seeking with governments a clear hierarchical list of priorities against which discrete policy decisions can be evaluated.     

分布式光纤测温系统在公路隧道火灾探测中 响应特性研究

随着交通运输的快速发展,公路隧道火灾监测与报警越来越重要。目前分布式光纤测温系统已被广泛应用到隧道火灾的监测中,外界风速和隧道断面对火灾监测有一定的影响。该文通过FDS数值模拟和全尺寸实验模拟不同高度的公路隧道发生火灾时,分布式光纤测温系统的报警响应情况。结果表明：在外界风力作用下,传感器的报警位置发生显著偏移;随着隧道高度的增加,分布式光纤感温火灾探测系统报警响应时间延长,可能会不报警。     

公路建设项目生态环境评价方法研究进展

本文阐述了目前国内研究和应用较广泛的公路建设项目生态环境评价方法。模糊综合法、层次分析法、生态足迹法等评价方法还处于学术理论探讨研究和应用尝试阶段;生态机理法、生产力法、生物多样性法等评价方法是目前公路建设项目生态环境评价工作中常采用的评价方法,但这些方法缺乏宏观性、综合性。定性和定量分析相结合,单项环境因子指标评价和综合评价相结合,点段相结合评价,生物个体、种群、群落、生态系统和景观相结合是今后评价公路建设项目生态环境影响的主要发展方向。     

公路施工期噪声监测方法及防治措施

本文论述了开展公路公路施工期噪声监测方法研究和防治措施的重要意义,提出了公路施工期噪声监测存在的问题,并以汕昆公路板坝至江底段施工期噪声监测为实例,有针对性地提出公路施工期噪声的方法和途径,最后给出了公路施工期噪声防治的措施。     

高速公路交通噪声的多普勒效应

通过对高速公路交通噪声现场测定与研究分析,结果表明,由于高速公路上行驶的车辆速度很快,致使在高速公路两侧近距离接收点上,当车辆迎面驶来到背离驶去时,交通噪声出现明显的频率漂移和A声级的显著差异,即出现高速公路交通噪声的多普勒效应。