序批式移动床生物膜反应器富集反硝化聚磷菌及其在单污泥系统中的应用

本文介绍了在单污泥系统中选择和富集反硝化聚磷菌的国内外研究进展,对不同研究者提出的选择和富集反硝化聚磷菌的方法进行了分析和评价,并提出将反硝化聚磷菌与移动床生物膜反应器工艺结合起来,在序批式移动床生物膜反应器悬浮填料上选择和富集反硝化聚磷菌,进一步认识了反硝化聚磷菌的生化特征,使其成为反应器中优势菌群,以及该工艺今后的研究重点。     

废FCC催化剂对水中铅离子的连续吸附及脱附

通过测定吸附等温线，考察了Ｐｂ２＋在废ＦＣＣ（流化催化裂化）催化剂上的吸附性能及规律，结果表明，Ｐｂ２＋在废ＦＣＣ催化剂上的吸附规律可用Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ和Ｆｒｕｎｄｌｉｃｈ模式描述，吸附呈单分子层形式且容易进行。又通过填充床吸附试验，对Ｐｂ２＋的连续吸附及脱附情形作了考察。结果表明，在温度为１５℃、ｐＨ为５．１３、过柱速率为３．０ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ、径高比为２．２５．０条件下，吸附柱具备适宜的生产周期，连续吸附操作可行，柱效率可达７５．９％；在温度为１５℃、采用２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ稀盐酸作脱附剂，过柱速率为５．０ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ的条件下，吸附剂易于脱附再生，脱附效率可达７８．１％     

净化含氮有机污染物的催化剂及工艺

介绍了两种催化剂PCN-1,PCN-2型对含氮有机物如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、正丁胺、环己胺、苯胺、硝基苯等深度氧化的活性及控NO_x能力。实验结果表明,由PCN-1、PCN构成的双催化剂处理DMF或DMF与甲苯、DMF与甲乙酮的混合蒸气,其氧化活性和控NO_x能力比单一催化剂为好。在240—300℃温度范围即可完全氧化,控NO_x率达98％以上,净化气无色无臭。本工艺可用于PU合成革生产线烘道排气的净化处理。     

强化启动对内循环生物流化床硝化效果的影响

通过改变内循环生物流化床的启动水质,提高N/C组成以强化流化床后期的硝化作用.结果表明,高N/C和低进水COD强化启动后处理生活污水,在HRT为2h时,可以同时高效去除COD和氨氮,氨氮的平均去除率为74%.耗氧速率试验表明,强化启动后,流化床中生物膜的异养菌活性大幅度降低,氨氧化细菌活性明显提高,硝化细菌活性变化不大.对反应系统微生物醌进行的跟踪分析表明,强化启动后,生物膜中的硝化细菌数量明显增加,微生物种群的分布均匀性变化较小,以革兰氏阴性菌为主.扫描电镜观察显示,低N/C启动条件下,生物膜厚且致密,异养菌所占比例高;高N/C启动条件有利于硝化细菌的生长,生物膜相对稀薄.     

加压上流式好氧污泥床(PUASB)法处理制药废水初探

在进水ＣＯＤ为５００－６００ｍｇ／Ｌ、压力ｐ＝０．２ＭＰａ、回／流比Ｒ＝６条件下,加压上流式好氧泥泥床平均ＣＯＤ去除率为７１％,出水基本达到国家排放标准;进水ＣＯＤ为１０００ｍｇ／Ｌ以上,在ｐ＝０．３ＭＰａ、Ｒ＝６条件下,ＣＯＤ去除率仍可达到７０％左右。     

Emissions of SO2, NO and N2O in a circulating fluidized bed combustor during co-firing coal and biomass

This paper presents the experimental investigations of the emissions of SO2, NO and N2O in a bench scale circulating fluidized bed combustor for coal combustion and co-firing coal and biomass. The thermal capacity of the combustor is 30 kW. The setup is electrically heated during startup. The influence of the excess air, the degree of the air staging, the biomass share and the feeding position of the fuels on the emissions of SO2, NO and N2O were studied. The results showed that an increase in the biomass shares resulted in an increase of the CO concentration in the flue gas, probably due to the high volatile content of the biomass. In co-firing, the emission of SO2 increased with increasing biomass share slightly, however, non-linear increase relationship between SO2 emission and fuel sulfur content was observed. Air staging significantly decreased the NO emission without raising the SO2 level. Although the change of the fuel feeding position from riser to downer resulted in a decrease in the NO emission level, no obvious change was observed for the SO2 level. Taking the coal feeding position R as a reference, the relative NO emission could significantly decrease during co-firing coal and biomass when feeding fuel at position D and keeping the first stage stoichiometry greater than 0.95. The possible mechanisms of the sulfur and nitrogen chemistry at these conditions were discussed and the ways of simultaneous reduction of SO2, NO and N2O were proposed.     

Turbosorp湍流吸收循环流化床烟气脱硫技术在改造工程中的应用

循环流化床半干法烟气脱硫技术是目前世界上主流脱硫工艺技术之一,主要适用于大中型燃煤电厂的烟气脱硫,在国内外拥有大量成功运行的工程案例。本文章基于本公司实践论述Turbosorp湍流吸收循环流化床脱硫技术的技术特点、关键工艺控制要点以及在机组改造工程中的技术优势,为同类型机组改造工程中的方案选择提供参考。     

Enhanced struvite recovery from wastewater using a novel cone-inserted fluidized bed reactor

The feasibility of struvite recovery at low （12.5 mg/L） and high （120 mg[L） phosphorus concentrations was studied by constructing a novel fluidized bed reactor with cones （FBRwc） and without cones （FBRwoc）. The crystallization process was continuously operated for 133 days under different hydraulic retention times （HRT = 1-10 hr）, pH （7.5-10）, and molar ratios of Mg/P （0.75-1.75）, N/P （1-10） and Ca/Mg （0-2）. The optimum operating conditions of HRT, pH, Mg/P and N/P molar ratios were found to be 2 hr, 9, 1.25, and 7.5, respectively. Under these optimum conditions, the phosphorus precipitation efficiencies of FBRwc were 93% for low and 98% for high phosphorus influent; however, the efficiencies were 78% and 81% for FBRwoc, respectively. Due to crystal losses at each junction （17%-31%）, the crystal recovery efficiency of FBRwoc was relatively low （47%-65%） for both influent concentrations. However, the losses were minimal in FBRwc, which showed 75% and 92% crystal recovery for low and high phosphorus concentrations, respectively. At low calcium concentration, crystal chemical analysis showed the product to be pure struvite （〉 99%）. The scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction results further confirmed that the crystal recovered from FBRwc contained pure struvite, which could be considered a high quality fertilizer. Except HRT, all parameters （pH, Mg/P, N/P and Ca/Mg） were found to be influencing factors for FBRwc performance. Overall, inserting cones in each part of the reactor played a significant role in enhancing struvite recovery from a wide range of phosphorus-containing wastewater.     

垃圾渗滤液预处理工艺的研究

本文结合工程实例,对生活垃圾焚烧发电厂垃圾渗滤液进行预处理工艺的研究,结果表明,预处理单元在垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液的整个处理系统中具有重要的作用和地位,渗滤液中部分污染物和无机离子能在预处理单元中得到较好的去除,在一定程度上减轻后续处理工艺的负荷。     

全程自养脱氨氮悬浮填料床反应器性能的研究

以NH+4-N溶液为基质建立和启运了全程自养脱氨氮悬浮填料床反应器,反应器连续运行的实验结果表明在pH为8.0～8.5、溶解氧为0.7～1.0mg/L和温度为28℃的条件下.当氨氮表面负荷为2～2.5g/(m2@d)时,其表面去除速率为1.1～1.3/(m2@d),全程自养脱氮率基本稳定在55%左右;全程自养脱氮的最适pH范围为7.5～8,5,其中最佳pH为8.0左右;最适溶解氧范围为0.5～1.5mg/L,其中尤以0.8～1.0ms/L左右为最佳.