SBR式流化床船用生活污水处理设备及其处理效果

介绍了SBR式流化床船用生活污水处理设备的组成结构,对该设备进行了启动试验和污水处理效果试验,结果表明该设备具有启动方便、反应时间短的特点.当处理周期为2 h时,处理设备的出水水质完全满足<船用生活污水处理系统技术条件>(GB10833-89)的要求.     

厌氧—好氧反应系统处理含酚废水的研究

利用好氧污泥转厌氧驯化方法在厌氧复合床内接种培养，处理浓度为1000mg／L左右的含酚废水。研究结果表明，在水力停留时间1d，酚容积负荷1．06kg／（m3·d）的条件下，厌氧复合床内培养出颗粒污泥，处理效果明显提高，本酚去除率达98．7％，COD去除率达98．3％。此时后接一个好氧接触氧化柱，最终出水中检不出酚。     

超重力旋转填料床在燃煤尾气处理上的应用进展

本文指出了我国燃煤尾气脱硫进展缓慢的原因 ,介绍了一种新型的燃煤尾气脱硫设备———超重力旋转脱硫床的工作原理、传质特性及在低浓度的废气处理上的广阔应用前景     

垃圾焚烧重金属迁移特性及其影响因素

综述了城市固体垃圾(MSW)焚烧过程中的Hg、Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、As和Cr等几种主要重金属污染源在焚烧过程中的迁移特性及其主要影响因素。将重金属在焚烧过程中的迁变归结为:蒸发、气相和表面反应、冷凝成核团聚和飞灰吸附等4个主要过程;而垃圾中重金属的初始浓度、原始垃圾的基体盐分(如A l、S i和K、Na等的存在形式)、垃圾中的C l(PVC和NaC l)和S的含量、垃圾的含水量以及焚烧过程中的运行参数(温度、滞留时间、氧化-还原气氛)等都会对焚烧过程的迁移规律产生影响。     

捕集植物纤维性粉尘的研究

植物纤维性粉尘因其固有特性 ,在除尘技术中是一个没有解决好的难题。通过理论分析、实验研究与工程应用 ,利用流化床除尘器解决了这一问题 ,实现了除尘器的高效、低阻和可靠运行     

Bromine in waste incineration partitioning and influence on metal volatilisation

INTENTION, GOAL, SCOPE, BACKGROUND: The halogen bromine is far less abundant than chlorine, but it can be found at high concentrations in special materials like flame retarded plastics. The fate and effects of Br in waste incineration are not well understood. It may have similar implications like Cl for the volatilisation of heavy metals and the formation of low volatile organic compounds. Due to its lower oxidation potential, there is a risk of formation of elementary Br2 in the offgas. OBJECTIVE: Co-combustion tests of different types of Br containing plastic waste materials (up to 22%) and MSW in the TAMARA pilot plant for waste incineration were conducted to investigate the Br partitioning and the influence of Br on metal volatilisation. METHODS: The Br inventory of the fuel mix was elevated to approx. 1 wt-%. All input and output mass flows of the furnace have been sampled and the partitioning of Cl, Br, S, and a number of heavy metals, has been calculated on the basis of closed mass balances. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Organically-bound Br was typically released to more than 90% into the raw gas. Elementary Br2 was detected at high Br levels. Its presence was always analysed when all SO2 in the raw gas was oxidised to SO3. Br enhances the volatilisation of metals like K, Zn, Cd, Sn, Sb, and Pb out of the fuel bed principally in the same way as Cl. The tests gave strong indication that the promoting influence of the halogens on metal volatilisation is more pronounced than that of the fuel bed temperature. The volatilised metals are condensated on the fly ashes and are discharged along with the filter ashes. CONCLUSIONS: As long as a surplus of SO2 is present in the raw gas no Br2 is formed. Although the halogen induced transfer out of the fuel bed causes high concentrations of volatile metals in the filter ashes, a recovery is not economically feasible for the time being. The volatilisation gives no rise to metal emission problems as long as efficient dedusting is achieved. RECOMMENDATION AND OUTLOOK: If there is a risk of Br2 formation, in wet scrubbing a reducing agent has to be added to the neutral scrubber for efficient abatement. Filter ashes should be disposed of in a way that enables access for recovery in the future. The exact volatilisation characteristics of the various metals have to be studied in future using specifically tailored experiments.     

填料对厌氧移动床生物膜反应器运行效果的影响

通过对装有不同填料的2个厌氧移动床生物膜反应器(R1和R2)的有机负荷、COD去除率、沼气产量及其组成、出水挥发性有机酸(VFA)和出水pH值的对比,得出在填料充填率相同、进水COD和进水pH相似的情况下,填料比表面积是影响厌氧移动床生物膜反应器运行效果的主要因素.R1中填料的比表面积为528 m2/m3,R2中填料比表面积为211m2/m3.在整个运行阶段,填料比表面较大的R1反应器的运行结果较好.试验结束时,R1与R2的有机负荷比为1.61,而R1与R2填料上的污泥量之比为4.42.     

微生物制剂在城市湖泊水体生物修复中的作用

利用微生物对富营养化的城市湖泊水体进行生物修复，使水中的污染物降解成H2O、CO2或转化成无害物质。研究表明，该微生物制剂对去除水体中的有机物、叶绿素a、氨氮和提高溶解氧等均有显著效果。为节省运输费用及延长菌液保存期，本试验用惰性粒子流化床对生物制剂进行干燥，固体菌粉末不失活性。     

新型循环流化床硝化-反硝化启动试验研究

利用新型循环流化床进行清水实验及硝化、反硝化启动试验研究,考察了系统对有机物和氮的去除效果,并分析了曝气量对系统启动的影响.结果表明,将输送床和传统流化床工艺进行有机结合,技术上可行,可以在系统内不同区建立缺氧、好氧条件,通过硝化和反硝化作用完成脱氮.     

玉米粒为载体的流化床生物膜反应器处理印染废水

以废弃玉米粒为载体,在生物膜流化床试验装置上进行印染废水处理试验研究。结果表明,与炉渣载体比较成膜时间缩短2 d;形成的生物膜生长到载体内部,结合牢固;曝气量(20~30 L/h.L)受流化状况控制,比非生物质载体时略大,玉米粒含量为2~4 g/L时,COD、色度和浊度的去除率分别为72%、85%和86%。